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- Table of Contents
Facts about Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4.
.
Human | |
---|---|
Gene Name: | EML4 |
Uniprot: | Q9HC35 |
Entrez: | 27436 |
Belongs to: |
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WD repeat EMAP family |
C2orf2; echinoderm microtubule associated protein like 4; echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4; ELP120; EMAP-4; EMAPL4; FLJ10942; FLJ32318; Restrictedly overexpressed proliferation-associated protein; Ropp 120; ROPP120DKFZp686P18118
Mass (kDA):
108.916 kDA
Human | |
---|---|
Location: | 2p21 |
Sequence: | 2; NC_000002.12 (42169353..42332548) |
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton.
In this Boster Bio: Best Uses of the EM4L4 Marker article you will discover the history of this biomarker as well as its application in research. Also, you will find out more about Steven Boster's antibodies as well as the importance of High-affinity prim antibodies. These biomarkers are available to any scientist around the globe. And, they can be used for many different applications.
If you're interested in Steve Boster's history you've come the right place. His public records include his name, his current residence address, previous addresses, cell phone numbers emails, and known relatives. You can begin your search by entering Steve Boster's name into the search box. Filter the results based on age and state. Once you have your results, you can pick a category that pertains to Steve's past.
Steve Boster passed away on June 6, 2022. Born in Joliet, IL, he was a long-time manager in retail sales. He was an active member of the U.S. Army, and was a member of Concordia Hall in Staunton. He also has two daughters, Natosha Peck and Crystal Peck, as well as six grandchildren. His siblings include his parents, sister Kimberly, Tammy, and Jonathan. Jonathan.
Purified polyclonal antibodies are extremely specific, but they have low affinity and background. They are more resistant to excessive washing and are able to withstand greater antigen variation and damage. High-affinity primary antibodies that utilize the EML4 marker can be created by immunizing animals using a synthetic peptide that corresponds to residues surrounding Arg91 in human EML4.
To determine the specificity of an antibody, Western Blots should show the entire spectrum of molecular size. The smaller the KD value, the greater the affinity. A positive Western blot could have a Coomassie stainable bands, which means that the antibody is specific. If the blot shows only weak binding to a recombinant protein it could represent a refractory response to the antigen.
The choice of the primary antibody is vital in IHC/ICC research. The epitope that a peptide is bound to be extremely specific, and the entire process of the assay need to be optimized to reduce background signals. The working dilution will typically be lower for polyclonal antibodies than for monoclonal antibody, and the spots for peptides were printed in duplicate on the microarray. The ratio of measured experimentally off-rates to on-rates is known as the KD value.
There are many methods to determine the specificity of antibodies. These methods must be evaluated according to the "weight" of evidence. In this article, we discuss the use of two different methods for evaluating the specificity of antibodies. The approaches described below have their own drawbacks however, both offer an objective assessment of the methods used in research into antibodies. This review has a bigger objective: to help researchers in making informed decisions about the choice of primary antibody.
The use of tests such as immunohistochemical to detect peptides, proteins and other substances in tissues is a reliable method to achieve this. It is important to realize that false positives can happen through a variety of ways. False positives are typically caused by an impurity within the antigen or an immune-mimetic epitope. Both of these are frequent, but they can be prevented by implementing proper control. But how do you know whether your antibodies are targeting the antigen?
In general, the use of the recombinant protein derived from Escherichia coli or eukaryotic cell lineages produces adequate antibody concentrations. However, recombinant proteins often contain additional peptide sequences that aren't completely eliminated and are a part of the polyclonal pool of IgG. Recombinant proteins also need to be denatured before being used in research.
This method offers a variety of advantages, including the ability to use the EML4 marker to determine the specificity and the affinity of antibodies. The primary antibody recognizes the protein P62, which is a marker of autophagy. The spermatocytes of the primary can be examined when they are labeled. The most common immunohistochemical staining method uses normal goat serum and biotinylated secondary antibodies. The staining of cells decreases if the primary antibody p62 is eliminated. Background staining is still present in the majority of cells.
PMID: 10995578 by Heidebrecht H.J., et al. Cloning and localization of C2orf2(ropp120), a previously unknown WD repeat protein.