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FBXO7 / F-box only protein 7 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for FBXO7
Plan FBXO7 chromogenic IHC in paraffin sections with the IHC-validated antibody at 2–5 μg/ml (datasheet A04086-2). Assess nuclear and cytoplasmic staining cautiously because HPA rates its tissue IHC evidence uncertain (HPA tissue IHC).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
FBXO7 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Nuclear and cytoplasmic in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A04086-2) | |
| Positive control | Appendix+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Parathyroid gland+1 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation consistent across sections (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Staining and RNA show low consistency (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | No tissue intensity regulator annotated (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 3 isoforms; epitope coverage unspecified (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended FBXO7 IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody protocol uses EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval (datasheet). The published IHC protocols below cover renal xenografts, mouse tumor tissues, and zebrafish brain (PMC12783301; PMC3117880; PMC3487786).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human colon cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A04086-2) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A04086-2); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A04086-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A04086-2) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-FBXO7, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A04086-2) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A04086-2) |
| Detection | HRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet A04086-2) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | FBXO7-positive staining in glandular cells of appendix (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Nuclear and cytoplasmic expression in most tissues. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with heat-mediated EDTA pH 8.0 for the catalog antibody (datasheet). For zebrafish brain, the published method used microwave retrieval in citrate pH 6 (PMC3487786).
Section 2
What Is the Expected FBXO7 Staining Pattern?
FBXO7 is predominantly cytoplasmic, with a minor nuclear fraction and possible relocation to depolarized mitochondria (UniProt Q9Y3I1). HPA reports nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in most tissues, including high staining in selected glandular, hematopoietic, endothelial, tubular, adipocyte, and macrophage populations (HPA tissue IHC). Interpret these patterns cautiously: HPA rates its tissue IHC profile Uncertain because antibody staining has low consistency with RNA expression (HPA tissue IHC).
| Nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in the expected cells, with a visible cellular outline and limited background. | This fits HPA’s broad tissue IHC profile (HPA tissue IHC). A stronger cytoplasmic component is compatible with predominantly cytoplasmic FBXO7 (UniProt Q9Y3I1). Record the compartments separately; the HPA tissue profile is rated Uncertain, so appearance alone does not establish antibody specificity (HPA tissue IHC). |
| Staining appears confined to an unexpected compartment, such as a sharp membrane rim or extracellular deposit. | FBXO7 has no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q9Y3I1). Check morphology, counterstain, and control sections before assigning such signal to FBXO7. Mitochondrial relocation is reported after depolarization (UniProt Q9Y3I1); it does not establish that every punctum in an untreated section is specific. |
| A cell population outside the expected HPA pattern stains strongly while nearby expected cells do not. | Compare cell identity on the counterstain and review antibody and detection controls. Cross-reactivity or endogenous chromogenic activity can mimic cell-specific signal (general IHC practice). HPA’s Uncertain tissue IHC rating makes an isolated unexpected pattern especially weak evidence for FBXO7 expression (HPA tissue IHC). |
| Brown signal covers stroma, lumina, or broad areas without recognizable nuclear or cytoplasmic boundaries. | Treat this as background until controls support cellular staining (general IHC practice). Diffuse deposits cannot be assigned the nuclear and cytoplasmic pattern reported by HPA (HPA tissue IHC). Check nonspecific binding, wash quality, and chromogen development within the validated workflow (general IHC practice). |
| Little or no signal appears in a section containing a reported high-staining population. | HPA reports high staining in bone marrow hematopoietic cells, kidney tubule cells, and lung macrophages, among others (HPA tissue IHC). First confirm that the intended cells are present, then check the staining run and antibody controls (general IHC practice). An absent signal does not alone prove absent FBXO7. |
💡Expected FBXO7 appearanceA plausible positive shows recognizable nuclear and cytoplasmic signal in the relevant cells, with stronger cytoplasmic staining compatible with UniProt localization (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q9Y3I1); HPA reports High staining in selected populations, whereas broad acellular deposits or isolated membrane rims warrant an artifact check (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q9Y3I1; general IHC practice).
| Tissue and cell choice | HPA reports High staining in appendix, duodenum, and gallbladder glandular cells; bone marrow hematopoietic cells; kidney tubule cells; and lung macrophages (HPA tissue IHC). These are comparison patterns, not guaranteed positive controls: HPA rates the tissue IHC profile Uncertain (HPA tissue IHC). |
| Low or undetected comparison cells | HPA reports no detection in parathyroid glandular cells and spleen red pulp cells, and low staining in cerebellar Purkinje cells, smooth muscle cells, and skeletal myocytes (HPA tissue IHC). Preserve cell-level context when comparing sections; a tissue name alone does not describe every cell in it. |
| IHC antibody evidence | HPA lists IHC as Uncertain for HPA032114, HPA057352, and CAB034296 (HPA antibodies). Its overall tissue profile also has low staining-to-RNA consistency (HPA tissue IHC). Treat agreement with that profile as supportive context, then assess the IHC-validated antibody with appropriate run controls (general IHC practice). |
| Isoforms and epitope coverage | UniProt lists 3 FBXO7 isoforms and an F-box domain at residues 329–375 (UniProt Q9Y3I1). The supplied evidence does not map this antibody’s epitope across isoforms, so staining cannot identify an isoform or justify an isoform-specific negative call. |
| Topology and processing | UniProt describes one chain spanning residues 1–522, with no signal peptide, propeptide, or transmembrane segment (UniProt Q9Y3I1). This supports an intracellular interpretation; the record supplies no cleavage or shedding pattern that would explain extracellular staining. |
| IF/ICC cross-check? | HPA places FBXO7 in the supported nucleoplasm and cytosol locations in ICC-IF and lists images from A-431 and HEK293 (HPA subcellular). HPA032113 has Supported ICC status (HPA antibodies). This answers the compartment question; ICC-IF evidence does not validate an IHC-P staining run. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Expected cells are absent from the section or hard to recognize. | The comparison depends on cell identity: HPA assigns High staining to specific populations, such as kidney tubule cells and lung macrophages, rather than every cell in those tissues (HPA tissue IHC). | Review morphology and counterstain, locate the relevant population, and score it separately from neighboring cells (general IHC practice). Select another section if the intended cells are missing. |
| A reported high-staining population is present but has no visible signal. | A failed IHC run, unsuitable antibody conditions, or a true low result may look alike (general IHC practice); HPA’s High categories are observations with Uncertain overall tissue IHC reliability (HPA tissue IHC). | Check the run control and the IHC-validated antibody’s documented conditions, then repeat if controls failed (general IHC practice). Do not infer absence of FBXO7 from one negative section. |
| Nuclei stain strongly while cytoplasm is consistently blank. | HPA reports both nuclear and cytoplasmic tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC), while UniProt describes predominantly cytoplasmic FBXO7 with a minor nuclear fraction (UniProt Q9Y3I1). An exclusively nuclear result needs verification. | Check nuclear boundaries, chromogen development, and matched control sections (general IHC practice). Report the observed compartment accurately and avoid calling the pattern confirmed solely from nuclear signal. |
| A strong rim, lumen, or extracellular deposit dominates the slide. | This distribution does not match HPA’s nuclear and cytoplasmic profile (HPA tissue IHC) or the lack of a transmembrane segment and signal peptide (UniProt Q9Y3I1). Nonspecific staining is possible (general IHC practice). | Inspect the counterstain and negative detection control; review blocking and wash steps within the established IHC workflow (general IHC practice). Score only signal clearly assigned to intact cells. |
| Macrophages or other isolated cells stain intensely amid weak background. | Lung macrophages are reported High by HPA (HPA tissue IHC), but isolated chromogenic signal can also reflect endogenous detection activity or nonspecific binding (general IHC practice). Cell identity and controls remain decisive. | Confirm morphology, compare the expected compartment, and inspect an appropriate detection control (general IHC practice). Keep macrophage and neighboring cell scores separate; HPA’s tissue IHC reliability remains Uncertain (HPA tissue IHC). |
| ICC-IF suggests cytosolic signal, but the paraffin IHC section gives a different pattern. | HPA supports nucleoplasm and cytosol in ICC-IF, while its tissue IHC profile is Uncertain (HPA subcellular; HPA tissue IHC). Different assay formats and antibodies can yield patterns that need independent evaluation (general IHC practice). | Check each assay against its own controls and document the antibody used (general IHC practice). Use ICC-IF as localization context, not proof that the IHC section is specific. |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing FBXO7 staining
A04086-2 · IHCIHC analysis of FBXO7 using anti-FBXO7 antibody (A04086-2). FBXO7 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human colon cancer tissue.
A04086-2 · IHCIHC analysis of FBXO7 using anti-FBXO7 antibody (A04086-2). FBXO7 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human colon tissue. Heat me
A04086-2 · IFIF analysis of FBXO7 using anti-FBXO7 antibody (A04086-2) and anti-Beta Tubulin antibody (M01857-3). FBXO7 was detected in an immunocytochem
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000100225-FBXO7/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_9744393
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000100225-FBXO7/tissue/colon#imid_9721186
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000100225-FBXO7/tissue/liver#imid_9721195
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000100225-FBXO7/tissue/kidney#imid_9721196
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA032113; green = FBXO7, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA032113; green = FBXO7, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for FBXO7 IHC & IF
🧪Run appendix first and score its glandular cells, where FBXO7 staining is High (HPA: appendix glandular cells, High). Use parathyroid gland as the negative tissue (HPA: parathyroid glandular cells, Not detected); on the appendix slide, record any unstained cells as internal comparators, but do not assume a particular other cell type is FBXO7-negative from the supplied HPA rows.
Positive control tissue: Appendix (Glandular cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Parathyroid gland (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show FBXO7 in A-431, HEK293, with annotated localisation: Nucleoplasm (supported), Cytosol (supported) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include no-primary (secondary-only) and concentration-matched rabbit IgG isotype controls (selected-SKU caption: rabbit primary antibody), plus FBXO7-knockout tissue or cells as a biological negative. Quench endogenous peroxidase and inspect the appendix section for background before interpreting DAB staining (selected-SKU caption: HRP/DAB detection).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is unreported, and the selected-SKU paraffin-section caption does not state the fixative (selected-SKU caption: fixative unreported). The documented IHC example uses heat retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0; whether FBXO7 staining depends on that retrieval condition requires validation in the chosen tissue (selected-SKU caption: EDTA retrieval, pH 8.0). Frozen sections cannot be judged easier from the supplied evidence; IF/ICC has separate HPA localisation evidence in A-431 and HEK293, and glandular luminal material in appendix should be distinguished from cellular DAB signal by morphology (HPA: appendix glandular cells, High; HPA subcellular: A-431 and HEK293 ICC-IF images).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for FBXO7
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Uncertain — Low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appendix | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bone marrow | Hematopoietic cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Breast | Adipocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Colon | Endothelial cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Duodenum | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced FBXO7 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot FBXO7 chromogenic IHC in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, compartment-specific staining, controls, and cell-level scoring.
Which retrieval conditions should I try first for FBXO7 IHC?
Start with heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for paraffin sections (datasheet A04086-2). The selected image used this retrieval before overnight incubation at 4°C with 2 μg/ml catalog antibody; its fixative was unreported (datasheet A04086-2). If staining is weak, vary heating duration on adjacent sections while holding antibody concentration and detection conditions constant (standard IHC practice). Include a matched section without primary antibody to identify signal introduced by detection reagents (standard IHC practice). Judge improvement by cellular staining in the same tissue region, since the available tissue staining has uncertain reliability (HPA: Uncertain).
How should I assess whether fixation is limiting FBXO7 detection?
The selected paraffin-section caption does not report its fixative, so FBXO7-specific sensitivity to fixation is unknown (datasheet A04086-2). Record each specimen’s fixative and fixation duration, then compare sections processed with the same EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and detection workflow (datasheet A04086-2; standard IHC practice). Assess morphology alongside staining: poor preservation or patchy signal can confound comparisons between fixation conditions (standard IHC practice). Keep section thickness and antibody concentration consistent, using 2 μg/ml as the documented starting concentration for this antibody (datasheet A04086-2; standard IHC practice). Do not use HPA tissue patterns to assign a fixation effect, because their staining reliability is uncertain (HPA: Uncertain).
Is nuclear or mitochondrial FBXO7 staining plausible in paraffin sections?
Predominantly cytoplasmic staining is plausible, with a minor nuclear component reported for FBXO7 (UniProt Q9Y3I1: subcellular location). Supported nucleoplasmic and cytosolic locations also make staining in either compartment worth assessing against a counterstain (HPA: subcellular). FBXO7 can relocate from cytosol to depolarized mitochondria, but a punctate chromogenic pattern alone cannot establish mitochondrial identity (UniProt Q9Y3I1: subcellular location; standard IHC practice). Compare compartment patterns across intact cells and adjacent sections, excluding pigment and precipitate before assigning intracellular signal (standard IHC practice). Treat an exclusively membrane-rim pattern cautiously because FBXO7 has no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q9Y3I1: topology).
Could isoforms or epitope accessibility explain inconsistent FBXO7 staining?
FBXO7 has 3 annotated isoforms, so confirm which sequences contain the catalog antibody’s immunogen before comparing specimens (UniProt Q9Y3I1: isoforms; standard IHC practice). Its F-box domain spans residues 329–375, while annotated arginine methylation includes residues 432, 451, and 518 (UniProt Q9Y3I1: domains and modified residues). Those annotations do not establish that any modification affects this antibody, because the supplied caption does not identify its epitope (datasheet A04086-2). Compare retrieval conditions on serial sections only after documenting epitope coverage and keeping detection settings matched (standard IHC practice). If an isoform-specific claim is essential, validate it with an appropriately characterized reagent or orthogonal assay (standard IHC practice).
How can IF help check an ambiguous FBXO7 IHC pattern?
Use IF as a separate follow-up and multiplex FBXO7 with a marker for the cell type whose IHC signal you are evaluating (standard IF practice). HPA reports high staining in lung macrophages and colon endothelial cells, but rates its tissue staining reliability uncertain (HPA: tissue IHC). Select fluorophores whose emission can be distinguished from the specimen’s autofluorescence, and inspect unstained tissue before interpreting weak signal (standard IF practice). Because FBXO7 is cytosolic and nucleoplasmic and lacks a transmembrane segment, choose permeabilisation that gives antibodies access to intracellular epitopes (HPA: subcellular; UniProt Q9Y3I1: topology; standard IF practice). Verify IF antibody performance independently; the selected antibody caption documents paraffin-section chromogenic IHC (datasheet A04086-2).
What should I check when FBXO7 DAB staining looks diffuse?
Check a section without primary antibody and inspect unstained tissue for pigment before attributing diffuse brown material to FBXO7 (standard IHC practice). The documented workflow used goat-serum blocking at 10%, peroxidase-conjugated secondary detection, and DAB chromogen (datasheet A04086-2). Include a peroxidase block and assess its effectiveness with a detection control, since endogenous enzyme activity can contribute DAB signal (standard IHC practice). Titrate from the documented 2 μg/ml antibody concentration while keeping retrieval at EDTA pH 8.0 and development conditions matched (datasheet A04086-2; standard IHC practice). Score only well-preserved cellular staining after excluding section edges, folds, and precipitate (standard IHC practice).
How should I quantify FBXO7 across heterogeneous tissue sections? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and tissue region before scoring, and use the same segmentation rules across sections (standard IHC practice). Report the percentage of positive cells and staining intensity, or calculate an H-score from percentages at intensity grades 0–3 (standard IHC practice). If measuring stained-cell density, report cells per mm² of evaluable tissue and exclude empty spaces and damaged regions (standard IHC practice). Score nuclear and cytoplasmic signal separately because both locations are supported for FBXO7 (HPA: subcellular). Normalise comparisons to the relevant cell count or evaluable area, and apply one staining threshold across specimens processed together (standard IHC practice).
How can I distinguish credible FBXO7 signal from artefact?
Look for reproducible cellular staining with predominantly cytoplasmic signal and, potentially, a smaller nuclear component (UniProt Q9Y3I1: subcellular location). Compare the stained cells with the intended population: HPA reports high staining in lung macrophages and colon endothelial cells, yet assigns uncertain tissue-staining reliability (HPA: tissue IHC). A membrane-only rim conflicts with FBXO7’s lack of a transmembrane segment and merits a detection-control check (UniProt Q9Y3I1: topology; standard IHC practice). Exclude section-edge enhancement, necrotic areas, precipitate, and residual endogenous peroxidase signal before calling a positive result (standard IHC practice). Require agreement across intact cells and appropriately processed controls before interpreting differences between specimens (standard IHC practice).
Boster reagents
Best FBXO7 / F-box only protein 7 IHC Antibodies
A04086-2 has IHC images from human paraffin sections of colon, colon cancer, and endometrial cancer, plus IF data from U2OS cells (catalog image captions); human and rat reactivity are listed (catalog).
Real IHC data
Anti-FBXO7 Antibody ®
Cat # A04086-2
A04086-2 has IHC images from human paraffin sections of colon, colon cancer, and endometrial cancer (A04086-2 IHC captions). The same SKU has an IF image from U2OS cells (A04086-2 IF caption); its application list includes IHC and ICC/IF (catalog).
Which to pick: Choose A04086-2 for human paraffin-section IHC: its own caption documents heat retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 and primary antibody at 2 μg/ml (A04086-2 IHC caption); the fixative is unreported (A04086-2 IHC caption). Choose the same SKU for IF/ICC because its IF caption shows staining in U2OS cells at 5 μg/ml (A04086-2 IF caption). For cross-species work, A04086-2 lists human and rat reactivity, but the supplied IHC and IF images show human samples only (catalog reactivity; A04086-2 image captions); clonality is unreported (catalog).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q9Y3I1 (FBX7_HUMAN, F-box only protein 7).
- Human Protein Atlas. FBXO7 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Uncertain).
- Human Protein Atlas. FBXO7 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to the nucleoplasm and cytosol..
- Human Protein Atlas. FBXO7 antibody validation summary (4 antibodies).
- HSP90AA1 restrains clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by promoting CADM1 expression and suppressing the PI3K-AKT pathway through interaction with FBXO7. Cell death discovery 2026 — PMC12783301.
- Expression of Fbxo7 in haematopoietic progenitor cells cooperates with p53 loss to promote lymphomagenesis. PloS one 2011 — PMC3117880.
- CHEK1 is a synthetic lethal interactor of FBXO7 in colonic epithelial cells. Molecular therapy. Oncology 2025 — PMC12390932.
- Dopaminergic neuronal loss and dopamine-dependent locomotor defects in Fbxo7-deficient zebrafish. PloS one 2012 — PMC3487786.
- PubMed PMID:10945468 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:12529303 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:15461802 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for FBXO7 (F-box only protein 7). Expected localisation Nuclear and cytoplasmic in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A04086-2). Validated IHC antibody: A04086-2 at 2-5 μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Appendix (Glandular cells); negative Parathyroid gland. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human colon cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A04086-2); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A04086-2); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A04086-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A04086-2); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-FBXO7, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A04086-2); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A04086-2). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation consistent across sections (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Staining and RNA show low consistency (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: 3 isoforms; epitope coverage unspecified (UniProt); Regulation: No tissue intensity regulator annotated (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt Q9Y3I1, HPA tissue IHC · Uncertain, HPA ICC-IF · nucleoplasm and cytosol., Datasheet A04086-2, PMC12783301, PMC3117880. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/FBXO7/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.