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GIGYF2 / GRB10-interacting GYF protein 2 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for GIGYF2
Plan GIGYF2 chromogenic IHC in paraffin sections using the catalog antibody at 2–5 μg/ml (datasheet: A04303-2). Compare the granular cytoplasmic staining profile with high staining in testicular preleptotene spermatocytes and undetected staining in adipocytes (HPA tissue IHC).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
GIGYF2 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Granular cytoplasmic tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Granular cytoplasm in several tissues (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A04303-2) | |
| Positive control | Testis+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Adipose tissue+4 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation consistent across paraffin sections (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Matched tissue-IHC evidence does not establish the fixation claim. Validate the specimen-specific method before use. (selected-SKU IHC image A04303-2) | |
| Caveat | Staining has low consistency with RNA expression (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Expression regulation is not annotated (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 4 isoforms; epitope coverage is unknown (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended GIGYF2 IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody uses EDTA pH 8.0 heat retrieval (datasheet A04303-2). Published IHC protocols cover mouse hippocampus (PMC4182477) and transplanted tPVAT (PMC8698607).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human colorectal cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A04303-2) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A04303-2); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A04303-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A04303-2) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-GIGYF2, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A04303-2) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A04303-2) |
| Detection | Streptavidin-biotin complex (SABC), DAB chromogen (datasheet A04303-2) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | GIGYF2-positive staining in preleptotene spermatocytes of testis (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Granular cytoplasmic expression in several tissues. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval for the catalog antibody (datasheet A04303-2). Citrate retrieval was published with a different GIGYF2 antibody (PMC4182477).
Section 2
What Is the Expected GIGYF2 Staining Pattern?
GIGYF2 staining should appear mainly as granular cytoplasmic signal in paraffin sections (HPA: tissue IHC profile). Preleptotene spermatocytes in testis show high staining; several other cell types show medium staining (HPA: tissue IHC). Cytosolic localisation is also supported by ICC-IF (HPA: enhanced cytosol). GIGYF2 has no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q6Y7W6 topology). HPA rates the tissue IHC profile Approved but reports low consistency with RNA expression (HPA: tissue IHC reliability).
| Granular cytoplasmic staining is strong in testicular preleptotene spermatocytes (HPA: High in preleptotene spermatocytes). | This is the clearest supplied positive tissue pattern (HPA: tissue IHC). Medium staining in adrenal glandular cells, breast myoepithelial cells or cortical neurons can also fit the reported distribution (HPA: tissue IHC). Score the relevant cells and their compartment, rather than the section as a whole (general IHC practice). |
| Predominantly nuclear or membrane-rim staining replaces the expected cytoplasmic pattern (HPA: granular cytoplasmic tissue profile). | Treat a dominant signal in those compartments as suspect: HPA reports cytosolic ICC-IF localisation, while UniProt lists no transmembrane segment (HPA: enhanced cytosol; UniProt Q6Y7W6 topology). Check antibody specificity and compare with a negative detection control (general IHC practice). |
| Strong staining appears in adipocytes or lymph-node germinal center cells (HPA: Not detected in those cells). | That distribution conflicts with the supplied tissue observations (HPA: tissue IHC). Cross-reactivity or endogenous chromogenic detection activity is possible (general IHC practice). Assess staining in a matched control lacking primary antibody before assigning the signal to GIGYF2 (general IHC practice). |
| Color spreads across cells and extracellular areas, obscuring granular cytoplasmic detail (HPA: tissue IHC profile). | Diffuse background cannot establish the reported cell-specific pattern (HPA: granular cytoplasmic expression). Review blocking, washes, antibody concentration and chromogen development; each can affect background in chromogenic IHC (general IHC practice). Interpret only a signal that remains distinguishable from the negative detection control (general IHC practice). |
| No signal is visible in testicular preleptotene spermatocytes (HPA: High in these cells). | A missing expected positive makes a negative result elsewhere difficult to interpret (HPA: tissue IHC). Verify that the relevant cells are present, then review primary-antibody incubation, retrieval and detection controls (general IHC practice). HPA provides no target-specific fixation-sensitivity finding in this payload (HPA: supplied tissue IHC record). |
💡Expected GIGYF2 appearanceA convincing positive is high, granular cytoplasmic staining in testicular preleptotene spermatocytes (HPA: tissue IHC); dominant nuclear staining or strong signal in HPA-undetected adipocytes is suspect (HPA: enhanced cytosol; HPA: adipocytes Not detected).
| Tissue and cell choice | Testicular preleptotene spermatocytes provide the strongest reported positive example; adrenal glandular cells and cortical neurons are reported at medium levels (HPA: tissue IHC). Adipocytes and lymph-node germinal center cells are reported as Not detected (HPA: tissue IHC). Compare named cell types, because staining levels differ within the supplied tissue profile (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Subcellular expectation | HPA describes granular cytoplasmic tissue staining and enhanced cytosolic ICC-IF localisation (HPA: tissue IHC; HPA: subcellular ICC-IF). UniProt does not annotate a subcellular location, but records no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q6Y7W6). These observations support a cytoplasmic scoring expectation without establishing an exclusive compartment (HPA: supplied records; UniProt Q6Y7W6). |
| IHC evidence strength | The tissue profile is Approved, and HPA059918 and HPA065064 have Approved IHC status (HPA: tissue IHC; HPA: antibody validation). HPA also reports low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression (HPA: reliability description). Treat the observed pattern as a useful reference while checking unexpected positives with controls (general IHC practice). |
| Isoforms and epitope coverage | UniProt lists 4 GIGYF2 isoforms and a GYF domain at residues 533–581 (UniProt Q6Y7W6). The supplied record gives no epitope position for the IHC antibodies (HPA: supplied antibody records). It therefore cannot establish whether all isoforms would stain equally; record the antibody used when comparing results (general IHC practice). |
| Retrieval and detection | No GIGYF2-specific retrieval condition or fixation effect is established by the supplied HPA and UniProt records (HPA: supplied records; UniProt Q6Y7W6). If signal is weak, evaluate retrieval and chromogenic detection against the expected positive cells and a negative detection control (general IHC practice); do not infer a target-specific fixation effect from that adjustment. |
| IF/ICC question: what localisation should be expected? | Cytosolic signal is the reported ICC-IF result, with enhanced localisation evidence (HPA: subcellular ICC-IF). HPA050899 and HPA054612 have Enhanced ICC status, whereas the listed IHC antibodies have Approved IHC status (HPA: antibody validation). Use that IF observation to interpret compartment, without treating the two application validations as interchangeable (HPA: antibody validation). |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Testis section lacks staining in preleptotene spermatocytes (HPA: High in these cells). | The expected cells may be absent from the section, or an IHC processing or detection step may have failed (general IHC practice). | Confirm cell identity and tissue quality; check primary-antibody exposure, retrieval, secondary detection and chromogen development with controls (general IHC practice). Avoid scoring other tissues as negative until an expected positive is demonstrated (general IHC practice). |
| Nuclear staining dominates the slide (HPA: cytoplasmic tissue profile). | The compartment conflicts with HPA's granular cytoplasmic tissue pattern and enhanced cytosolic ICC-IF result (HPA: tissue IHC; HPA: subcellular ICC-IF). Nonspecific signal is possible (general IHC practice). | Compare with the negative detection control and inspect whether cytoplasmic granules remain distinguishable (general IHC practice). Reassess antibody specificity before reporting nuclear GIGYF2 localisation (general IHC practice). |
| Adipocytes stain strongly (HPA: adipocytes Not detected). | The result differs from HPA's observed cell pattern; cross-reactivity or endogenous chromogenic activity may contribute (HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC practice). | Compare the same tissue with a control lacking primary antibody, and evaluate the signal's cellular location (general IHC practice). Report the discrepancy with the HPA observation if staining persists (HPA: adipocytes Not detected). |
| Background masks cell boundaries and cytoplasmic granules (HPA: granular cytoplasmic tissue profile). | Insufficient blocking or washing, excessive reagent concentration, or extended chromogen development can raise background (general IHC practice). | Review blocking and washes, then adjust reagent concentration or development time using a positive tissue and negative detection control (general IHC practice). Score staining only after cell-specific signal can be separated from background (general IHC practice). |
| A medium-staining tissue looks weak compared with testis (HPA: medium examples; High in testicular preleptotene spermatocytes). | The difference may reflect the reported tissue pattern rather than assay failure (HPA: tissue IHC). HPA also reports low consistency with RNA expression (HPA: reliability description). | Compare the correct cell types and compartment, and confirm assay performance in testicular preleptotene spermatocytes when available (HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC practice). Do not require every tissue to match testis intensity (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| IF/ICC appears cytosolic, but the paraffin IHC result is unclear (HPA: enhanced cytosolic ICC-IF). | The supplied HPA records validate different antibodies for ICC and IHC, and the tissue IHC profile has low consistency with RNA expression (HPA: antibody validation; HPA: tissue IHC reliability). | Evaluate the paraffin section using its own positive cells, compartment pattern and detection controls (HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC practice). Treat the ICC-IF finding as localisation context rather than proof that the IHC signal is specific (HPA: antibody validation). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing GIGYF2 staining
A04303-2 · IHCIHC analysis of GIGYF2 using anti-GIGYF2 antibody (A04303-2). GIGYF2 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human colorectal cancer
A04303-2 · IHCIHC analysis of GIGYF2 using anti-GIGYF2 antibody (A04303-2). GIGYF2 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human gall bladder adeno
A04303-2 · IFIF analysis of GIGYF2 using anti-GIGYF2 antibody (A04303-2). GIGYF2 was detected in an immunocytochemical section of SiHa cells. Enzyme anti
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000204120-GIGYF2/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_16625703
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000204120-GIGYF2/tissue/colon#imid_16625637
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000204120-GIGYF2/tissue/liver#imid_16625646
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000204120-GIGYF2/tissue/kidney#imid_16625647
HPA · ICC-IF HEK293Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, HEK293, antibody HPA050899; green = GIGYF2, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF HEK293Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, HEK293, antibody HPA050899; green = GIGYF2, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for GIGYF2 IHC & IF
🧪Run testis first and look for staining in preleptotene spermatocytes (HPA: High in testis preleptotene spermatocytes). Use adipose tissue adipocytes as the biological negative (HPA: Not detected in adipocytes); on the testis slide, compare with neighboring cells that show no signal, without assuming a particular cell type is negative.
Positive control tissue: Testis (Preleptotene spermatocytes, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show GIGYF2 in HEK293, U2OS, MCF-7, NIH 3T3, with annotated localisation: Cytosol (enhanced) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary (secondary-only) control, a concentration-matched rabbit IgG isotype control, and GIGYF2-knockout material where available (caption: rabbit primary antibody; standard IHC controls). For the biotin-based DAB method, check endogenous peroxidase and biotin background in testis (caption: biotinylated secondary, streptavidin-biotin complex and DAB; standard IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is unreported, and the selected A04303-2 caption does not state the fixative (selected-SKU tissue-IHC caption). The reported paraffin-section method used heat retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0, but the evidence does not establish whether other retrieval conditions work or whether frozen sections or IF are easier (selected-SKU tissue-IHC caption). In testis, score the specified preleptotene spermatocytes against neighboring cells so mixed cell populations do not obscure the result (HPA: High in testis preleptotene spermatocytes; standard IHC scoring practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for GIGYF2
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Approved — Low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testis | Preleptotene spermatocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Adrenal gland | Glandular cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Appendix | Glandular cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Breast | Myoepithelial cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bronchus | Respiratory epithelial cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bone marrow | Hematopoietic cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Lymph node | Germinal center cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Ovary | Follicle cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Parathyroid gland | Glandular cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced GIGYF2 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot GIGYF2 chromogenic IHC by checking retrieval, cytoplasmic localisation, cell identity, and controls before interpreting staining intensity.
How should I optimise retrieval when GIGYF2 staining is weak?
Start with heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA pH 8.0 for paraffin sections (datasheet A04303-2). Hold section thickness and antibody concentration constant while comparing heating and cooling intervals; the documented primary concentration is 2 μg/ml (datasheet A04303-2; standard IHC practice). Compare adjacent sections for cytoplasmic signal and preserved morphology, particularly in preleptotene spermatocytes, where staining is reported as high (HPA: high in testis preleptotene spermatocytes; standard IHC practice). If staining remains weak, trial an alternative retrieval buffer only as a controlled fallback alongside the EDTA condition (standard IHC practice). Include a no-primary section to identify retrieval-associated background (standard IHC practice).
Could fixation explain inconsistent GIGYF2 staining across blocks?
Target-specific sensitivity to fixation is unknown because the selected paraffin-section caption does not state a fixative (datasheet A04303-2). Record each block’s fixative, fixation duration, processing history, and section age before comparing GIGYF2 staining (standard IHC practice). Run adjacent sections together using EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and the documented 2 μg/ml primary concentration, keeping detection conditions matched (datasheet A04303-2; standard IHC practice). If one block stains poorly, assess morphology and a suitable independent tissue control before attributing the difference to GIGYF2 abundance (standard IHC practice). Do not infer a fixation effect from tissue staining patterns or protein features alone (HPA: tissue IHC; UniProt Q6Y7W6).
Where should convincing GIGYF2 staining appear in a paraffin section?
Look primarily for cytoplasmic staining: tissue IHC describes a granular cytoplasmic pattern, and ICC/IF places GIGYF2 in the cytosol (HPA: tissue IHC and subcellular). Evaluate signal within identified cells instead of treating extracellular deposits or sharp tissue borders as expected localisation (HPA: cytosol; standard IHC practice). GIGYF2 has no annotated transmembrane segment, so a dominant membrane outline needs independent validation before biological interpretation (UniProt Q6Y7W6 topology; standard IHC practice). Compare the compartment and cell type with controls on the same staining run, including a no-primary section (standard IHC practice). UniProt provides no subcellular annotation that would establish a more specific IHC pattern (UniProt Q6Y7W6).
Can epitope choice explain discordant GIGYF2 staining?
GIGYF2 has 4 listed isoforms and a GYF domain at residues 533–581, but the supplied antibody caption does not map its epitope (UniProt Q6Y7W6; datasheet A04303-2). Therefore, do not assume this antibody detects every isoform or that a negative cell lacks all GIGYF2 protein (standard IHC practice). Check the antibody’s documented immunogen or epitope, if available, against isoform sequences before assigning biological meaning to divergent staining (standard IHC practice). Several modified residues are reported, including phosphoserines at 19, 26, and 30; their effect on this antibody’s IHC staining is unknown (UniProt Q6Y7W6). Compare independent epitope reagents under separately optimised IHC conditions when resolving discordance (standard IHC practice).
How can IF help assess the GIGYF2 IHC pattern?
Use IF/ICC as a separate localisation check: GIGYF2 is reported in the cytosol, with images from HEK293, U2OS, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells (HPA: subcellular). For tissue multiplexing, pair GIGYF2 with a validated marker of the expected cell type, such as preleptotene spermatocytes when examining testis (HPA: high in testis preleptotene spermatocytes; standard IF practice). Choose spectrally separated fluorophores and consider a far-red channel where tissue autofluorescence obscures shorter wavelengths (standard IF practice). Use controlled permeabilisation to reach a cytosolic epitope; GIGYF2 has no annotated transmembrane segment (HPA: cytosol; UniProt Q6Y7W6 topology; standard IF practice). Interpret IF alongside matched controls, without transferring its settings to chromogenic IHC (standard IHC/IF practice).
What should I check when GIGYF2 DAB staining is diffuse?
First compare the stained section with a no-primary control to distinguish antibody-associated staining from detection background (standard IHC practice). The documented workflow uses a biotinylated secondary, streptavidin-biotin detection, and DAB, so assess endogenous biotin and peroxidase contributions with appropriate controls (datasheet A04303-2; standard IHC practice). Apply a peroxidase block where needed, and compare blocked and unblocked controls without treating that step as GIGYF2-specific evidence (standard IHC practice). Check washing, primary concentration, and serum blocking against the documented 2 μg/ml primary and 10% goat serum conditions (datasheet A04303-2; standard IHC practice). Genuine tissue staining is described as granular cytoplasmic, which helps identify diffuse haze (HPA: tissue IHC).
How should I quantify GIGYF2 staining across tissue samples? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and cytoplasmic region before scoring, because the reported tissue pattern is granular cytoplasmic and varies by cell type (HPA: tissue IHC). Record the percentage of positive cells and an intensity-weighted H-score using the same thresholds across matched sections (standard IHC practice). For spatial comparisons, report positive-cell density per mm² of viable tissue and normalise counts to the measured viable area (standard IHC practice). Keep retrieval, 2 μg/ml primary concentration, detection time, and image settings consistent across the comparison (datasheet A04303-2; standard IHC practice). Analyse relevant cell types separately, and document excluded edges, necrosis, and background-defined thresholds (standard IHC practice).
When is apparent GIGYF2 positivity likely to be artefactual?
Give greatest weight to staining within identifiable cells that follows the reported granular cytoplasmic pattern (HPA: tissue IHC). Treat dominant membrane outlines or extracellular signal cautiously because GIGYF2 is reported in the cytosol and has no annotated transmembrane segment (HPA: subcellular; UniProt Q6Y7W6 topology). Compare suspect cells with reported patterns: preleptotene spermatocytes stain highly, whereas adipocytes were not detected in the cited tissue survey (HPA: tissue IHC). Exclude staining restricted to section edges or necrotic areas, and investigate signal retained in no-primary or enzyme-control sections (standard IHC practice). HPA rates its tissue antibody approved while noting low consistency with RNA expression, so corroborate surprising cell-specific results independently (HPA: tissue IHC reliability).
Boster reagents
Best GIGYF2 / GRB10-interacting GYF protein 2 IHC Antibodies
A04303-2 has IHC images from human paraffin sections and an IF/ICC image from SiHa cells (catalog image captions); its listed reactivity is human (catalog: reactivity).
Real IHC data
Anti-GIGYF2 Antibody ®
Cat # A04303-2
A04303-2 is the only SKU and is listed for human IHC and IF/ICC (catalog: applications and reactivity). Its images show IHC in paraffin sections of human colorectal cancer and gall bladder adenosquamous carcinoma, plus IF/ICC in SiHa cells (catalog image captions).
Which to pick: Choose A04303-2 for human paraffin-section IHC: its colorectal cancer image used EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 and 2 μg/ml primary antibody; the fixative is unreported (A04303-2 IHC image caption). Choose the same SKU for IF/ICC in human cells, supported by its SiHa-cell image and listed 5 μg/ml IF dilution; clonality is unreported (A04303-2 IF image caption; catalog: dilution and clone). No cross-species option is supported by this payload (catalog: human reactivity only).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q6Y7W6 (GGYF2_HUMAN, GRB10-interacting GYF protein 2).
- Human Protein Atlas. GIGYF2 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Approved).
- Human Protein Atlas. GIGYF2 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to the cytosol..
- Human Protein Atlas. GIGYF2 antibody validation summary (4 antibodies).
- Negative regulation of Grb10 Interacting GYF Protein 2 on insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor signaling pathway caused diabetic mice cognitive impairment. PloS one 2014 — PMC4182477.
- Comparative Proteomic Analysis of tPVAT during Ang II Infusion. Biomedicines 2021 — PMC8698607.
- PubMed PMID:12771153 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:9734811 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:12168954 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for GIGYF2 (GRB10-interacting GYF protein 2). Expected localisation Granular cytoplasmic tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A04303-2). Validated IHC antibody: A04303-2 at 2-5 μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Testis (Preleptotene spermatocytes); negative Adipose tissue. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human colorectal cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A04303-2); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A04303-2); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A04303-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A04303-2); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-GIGYF2, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A04303-2); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A04303-2). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation consistent across paraffin sections (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Matched tissue-IHC evidence does not establish the fixation claim. Validate the specimen-specific method before use. (selected-SKU IHC image A04303-2); Caveat: Staining has low consistency with RNA expression (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: 4 isoforms; epitope coverage is unknown (UniProt); Regulation: Expression regulation is not annotated (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt Q6Y7W6, HPA tissue IHC · Approved, HPA ICC-IF · cytosol., Datasheet A04303-2, PMC4182477, PMC8698607. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/GIGYF2/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.