Kininogen-1 (KNG1)

(1) Kininogens are inhibitors of thiol proteases; (2) HMW-kininogen plays a significant role in blood coagulation by helping to position optimally prekallikrein and factor XI alongside factor XII; (3) HMW-kininogen inhibits the thrombin- and plasmin- induced aggregation of thrombocytes; (4) the active peptide bradykinin that is released from HMW-kininogen shows a variety of physiological effects: (4A) influence in smooth muscle contraction, (4B) induction of hypotension, (4C) natriuresis and diuresis, (4D) reduction in blood glucose level, (4E) it is a mediator of inflammation and triggers (4E1) increase in vascular permeability, (4E2) stimulation of nociceptors (4E3) release of other mediators of inflammation (e.g.

prostaglandins), (4F) it's a cardioprotective effect (directly through bradykinin action, indirectly via endothelium-derived relaxing factor activity ); (5) LMW-kininogen inhibits the aggregation of thrombocytes; (6) LMW- kininogen is in contrast to HMW-kininogen not involved in blood clotting. .