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MEMO1 / Protein MEMO1 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for MEMO1
Plan paraffin IHC for MEMO1 around its cytoplasmic tissue staining and high staining in colon glandular cells (HPA tissue IHC). Use consistent fixation and appropriate tissue controls when comparing chromogenic staining across sections.
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
MEMO1 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Cytoplasmic staining in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Cytoplasmic; high in colon glandular cells (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | Citrate pH 6.0 HIER, 95–98 °C, 20 min (rule: cytoplasmic / membrane antigen) | |
| Positive control | Colon+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Adipose tissue+4 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Antibody staining and RNA show low consistency (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Expression regulation not annotated (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 3 isoforms; epitope coverage unreported (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended MEMO1 IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody protocol is accompanied by a published chromogenic IHC protocol for mouse dorsal skin (PMC4345637).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human prostate tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A07852) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A07852); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat-induced epitope retrieval in citrate buffer, pH 6.0, 20 min at 95–98 °C (standard rule: cytoplasmic / membrane antigen) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% normal serum of the secondary host, 30 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-MEMO1, 1:50-1:100 (datasheet A07852) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (standard) |
| Detection | HRP-polymer secondary, DAB chromogen 5–10 min (standard) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | MEMO1-positive staining in glandular cells of colon (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Cytoplasmic expression in most tissues. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with citrate pH 6.0 retrieval at 95–98 °C for 20 min (page retrieval); the skin protocol also uses citrate pH 6 (PMC4345637).
Section 2
What Is the Expected MEMO1 Staining Pattern?
In paraffin-section IHC, expect mainly cytoplasmic MEMO1 staining, with high staining reported in colon and rectal glandular cells, lung alveolar cells, placental trophoblastic cells, skeletal muscle myocytes, and thyroid glandular cells (HPA: tissue IHC). MEMO1 has no annotated transmembrane segment (UniProt Q9Y316 topology). HPA rates the tissue IHC pattern Approved, while reporting low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression (HPA: reliability).
| Cytoplasmic staining in colon or rectal glandular cells, or in lung alveolar cells. | This fits the reported high staining in those cells (HPA: tissue IHC). Judge the pattern in the named cells rather than treating all cells in a positive tissue as equivalent; HPA reports cytoplasmic expression across most tissues (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| A dominant nuclear or membrane-outline pattern replaces cytoplasmic staining. | That differs from the tissue IHC pattern (HPA: cytoplasmic expression). Review the antibody and staining controls for an artefact before assigning a new compartment; no transmembrane segment is annotated (UniProt Q9Y316 topology). The IF vesicle call does not establish a nuclear or membrane-outline IHC pattern (HPA: subcellular ICC-IF). |
| Strong colour appears in adipocytes or ovarian stroma cells while expected positive cells are weak. | Those cells are reported as not detected (HPA: adipose tissue and ovary IHC). Consider cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity (general IHC practice), then compare with a no-primary control. A listed negative is an observed HPA result, not a guarantee for every specimen (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Colour spreads through extracellular space or appears similarly across unrelated cell types. | Diffuse background obscures the cell-restricted cytoplasmic pattern (HPA: tissue IHC). Assess no-primary staining and wash or blocking conditions (general IHC practice). Broad low-level staining alone is hard to interpret because HPA reports low tissue RNA specificity and low staining–RNA consistency (HPA: tissue IHC reliability). |
| No convincing staining appears in colon glandular cells or another reported high-staining cell population. | This fails an expected positive comparison (HPA: colon and listed high IHC cells), but does not by itself prove MEMO1 absence. Check section quality, retrieval, primary-antibody use, and detection controls (general IHC practice); HPA's Approved rating carries a low staining–RNA consistency caveat (HPA: reliability). |
💡Expected MEMO1 appearanceCall a positive result when cytoplasmic colour is clear in a reported high cell population, such as colon glandular cells, while dominant nuclear, membrane-outline, or cell-independent colour prompts control review (HPA: tissue IHC; UniProt Q9Y316 topology; general IHC practice).
| Tissue and cell choice | Colon and rectal glandular cells, lung alveolar cells, placental trophoblastic cells, skeletal muscle myocytes, and thyroid glandular cells are reported high (HPA: tissue IHC). Adipocytes and ovarian stroma cells are reported not detected (HPA: tissue IHC); compare named cell populations. |
| Strength of the tissue evidence | The IHC pattern is Approved, but HPA reports low consistency between staining and RNA expression (HPA: reliability). Treat the reported pattern as an interpretation guide and evaluate controls alongside each specimen (general IHC practice). |
| Antibody validation by application | HPA042603 has Approved IHC status, while HPA057952 has Approved ICC status (HPA: antibody validation). An ICC approval does not establish an IHC result for that antibody; use the validation status for the application being interpreted (HPA: antibody validation). |
| Protein topology and variants | MEMO1 has no annotated transmembrane segment, signal peptide, or propeptide, and has three annotated isoforms (UniProt Q9Y316). The supplied record gives no antibody epitope or isoform coverage, so it cannot predict which variants a given stain detects. |
| Modified residue | UniProt annotates a phosphotyrosine at residue 210 (UniProt Q9Y316). Without a supplied antibody epitope or modification-specific validation, this annotation does not justify calling a brighter or weaker IHC signal a phosphorylation change. |
| IF/ICC: what pattern is reported? | HPA reports Approved vesicle localization in ICC-IF, with images from RT-4 and U2OS (HPA: subcellular ICC-IF). This is a separate cell-imaging observation; tissue IHC is summarized as cytoplasmic (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| The reported positive cells have no chromogenic signal. | The stain may have failed, or the selected section may not show the expected cells (HPA: high-staining cell populations; general IHC practice). | Confirm the named cell population on the section, then review retrieval, primary-antibody application, detection reagents, and a concurrent positive control (general IHC practice). Do not assign MEMO1 absence from a failed control. |
| Nuclei dominate the stain. | This conflicts with HPA's cytoplasmic tissue pattern (HPA: tissue IHC); nonspecific staining or detection background is possible (general IHC practice). | Compare the no-primary control, inspect counterstain and chromogen separately, and reassess antibody specificity (general IHC practice). Keep the compartment call tied to the reported cytoplasmic IHC pattern (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Adipocytes, ovarian stroma cells, or parathyroid glandular cells stain strongly. | HPA reports MEMO1 as not detected in those cell populations (HPA: tissue IHC). Cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity may explain unexpected colour (general IHC practice). | Check a no-primary control and the detection system's endogenous-activity controls; compare staining with a reported high-staining cell population (general IHC practice; HPA: tissue IHC). |
| The whole section has diffuse colour that hides cell boundaries. | Background may reflect detection, blocking, or washing conditions (general IHC practice), making the expected cytoplasmic cell pattern difficult to score (HPA: tissue IHC). | Inspect no-primary staining and review blocking, washes, and detection exposure (general IHC practice). Score MEMO1 only where cell-associated colour remains distinguishable from background. |
| An ICC-IF image looks punctate, but tissue IHC looks broadly cytoplasmic. | HPA assigns vesicles in ICC-IF and cytoplasmic expression in tissue IHC (HPA: subcellular ICC-IF; tissue IHC). The listed antibodies also have approvals in different applications (HPA: antibody validation). | Interpret each image against its own application and antibody validation (HPA: antibody validation). For paraffin-section IHC, use the tissue cell pattern and staining controls for the call (HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| A specimen disagrees with the reported intensity ranking. | HPA reports low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression despite Approved IHC reliability (HPA: reliability); specimen or staining variation also requires control review (general IHC practice). | Check cell identity, section quality, and concurrent controls before comparing intensity (general IHC practice). Report the observed cells and compartment, and describe the disagreement with HPA's tissue result (HPA: tissue IHC). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing MEMO1 staining
A07852 · IHCImmunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded human prostate using MEMO1 antibody at dilution of 1:100 .Perform microwave antigen retrieval with
A07852 · IHCImmunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded rat brain using MEMO1 antibody at dilution of 1:100 .Perform microwave antigen retrieval with 10 m
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000162959-MEMO1/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_11240207
HPA · EsophagusHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Esophagus. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000162959-MEMO1/tissue/esophagus#imid_11240171
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000162959-MEMO1/tissue/colon#imid_11240125
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000162959-MEMO1/tissue/liver#imid_11240118
HPA · ICC-IF RT-4Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, RT-4, antibody HPA057952; green = MEMO1, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF RT-4Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, RT-4, antibody HPA057952; green = MEMO1, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for MEMO1 IHC & IF
🧪Run colon first; glandular cells should stain strongly (HPA: High in colon glandular cells). Use adipose tissue as the negative tissue, with adipocytes expected to remain unstained (HPA: Not detected in adipocytes); on the colon slide, assess non-glandular cells as candidate internal negatives and confirm that their chromogen signal stays at background rather than assuming they lack MEMO1.
Positive control tissue: Colon (Glandular cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show MEMO1 in RT-4, U2OS, with annotated localisation: Vesicles (approved) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary, secondary-only control and a host-species- and isotype-matched control for a monoclonal primary, or matched nonimmune host IgG for a polyclonal primary; use matched MEMO1-knockout material or a cognate-peptide block as a biological specificity control (standard IHC practice). Block endogenous peroxidase for chromogenic detection in colon, and assess endogenous biotin if using avidin-based detection (standard IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is unreported, and the selected A07852 paraffin-section caption does not state a fixative (selected A07852 tissue-IHC caption). The caption uses microwave retrieval in 10 mM PBS, pH 7.2, before staining at 1:100; compare retrieval conditions because that caption does not establish retrieval dependence (selected A07852 tissue-IHC caption). The supplied evidence does not establish whether frozen sections or IF are easier; for IF/ICC, HPA reports vesicular localization in RT-4 and U2OS (HPA: subcellular), while colon luminal mucus or debris should be checked for trapped chromogen during IHC interpretation (standard IHC practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for MEMO1
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Approved — Low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colon | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Lung | Alveolar cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Placenta | Trophoblastic cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Rectum | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Skeletal muscle | Myocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bone marrow | Hematopoietic cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cerebellum | Cells in granular layer | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Ovary | Ovarian stroma cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Parathyroid gland | Glandular cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced MEMO1 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot MEMO1 staining in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, controls, cellular distribution and scoring before interpreting chromogenic signal.
How should I adjust retrieval when MEMO1 staining is weak or uneven?
Start with citrate buffer at pH 6.0 for heat-induced retrieval at 95–98 °C for 20 min (page protocol). If staining remains weak, compare a serial section retrieved in 10 mM PBS, pH 7.2, using a microwave, because that condition accompanies the catalog antibody’s paraffin prostate image at 1:100 (A07852 tissue-IHC caption). Keep section thickness, primary incubation and chromogen development matched across the comparison so retrieval is the variable under test (standard IHC practice). Check tissue integrity and staining in the expected cell compartment before accepting stronger signal; damaged edges or diffuse precipitate do not establish improved MEMO1 detection (HPA: cytoplasmic tissue profile; standard IHC practice).
Can fixation explain a weak MEMO1 signal in paraffin sections?
MEMO1-specific sensitivity to fixation is unknown: the catalog antibody’s paraffin prostate caption does not state a fixative, and the supplied record gives no fixation comparison (A07852 tissue-IHC caption; UniProt Q9Y316). Record the actual fixative and fixation interval for each specimen, then compare matched sections processed with the same retrieval and detection conditions (standard IHC practice). Examine morphology alongside staining, since damaged or poorly preserved regions make a weak chromogenic result difficult to interpret (standard IHC practice). Do not attribute a fixation effect to MEMO1 merely because another tissue stains differently; tissue staining varies across cell types, and the reported antibody staining has low consistency with RNA expression (HPA: tissue IHC reliability and profile).
Which staining compartment supports a MEMO1 IHC result?
Assess MEMO1 primarily as cytoplasmic staining in tissue sections, because that is the reported tissue IHC pattern (HPA: cytoplasmic expression in most tissues). Vesicular localisation has also been reported by cell imaging, but it does not require every chromogenic tissue section to resolve distinct vesicles (HPA: approved vesicle localisation; standard IHC practice). MEMO1 has no annotated transmembrane segment or signal peptide, so a sharp, exclusively cell-surface outline warrants careful control review rather than automatic acceptance (UniProt Q9Y316 topology and processing). Compare candidate signal with nearby cells, a no-primary control and preserved morphology; widespread nuclear colour or chromogen concentrated at cut edges calls for troubleshooting (standard IHC practice).
How can an unknown epitope affect interpretation across MEMO1 samples?
MEMO1 has 3 annotated isoforms, while the supplied catalog caption does not identify the antibody epitope or establish isoform coverage (UniProt Q9Y316 isoforms; A07852 tissue-IHC caption). Treat differences between specimens as differences in antibody staining until epitope coverage and specificity are independently established (standard IHC practice). A phosphotyrosine is annotated at residue 210, but its effect on this antibody’s staining is unknown without epitope information (UniProt Q9Y316 modified residues; A07852 tissue-IHC caption). If a second antibody with a documented, distinct epitope is available, compare patterns on matched sections and retain morphology and detection controls when judging agreement (standard IHC practice).
How should I compare MEMO1 immunofluorescence with this IHC pattern?
Use the IF/ICC guide to optimise fluorescence separately; the catalog evidence here is a paraffin tissue-IHC image, while vesicular MEMO1 localisation comes from cell imaging (A07852 tissue-IHC caption; HPA: approved vesicle localisation). For tissue multiplexing, pair MEMO1 with a validated marker of the cell population being assessed, such as glandular cells in colon, and inspect each channel separately (HPA: high MEMO1 staining in colon glandular cells; standard IF practice). Choose fluorophores after measuring tissue autofluorescence and leave spectral separation for the other marker (standard IF practice). Because MEMO1 has no annotated transmembrane segment and its reported IF signal is vesicular, optimise permeabilisation for intracellular epitope access while checking that cellular structure remains intact (UniProt Q9Y316 topology; HPA: subcellular localisation; standard IF practice).
What controls help identify nonspecific MEMO1 chromogenic staining?
Run a no-primary control through the same secondary reagent and chromogen steps to reveal detection-system colour that does not depend on the primary antibody (standard IHC practice). Include a peroxidase block before chromogenic detection and inspect whether residual colour follows endogenous enzyme-rich structures rather than plausible cellular MEMO1 staining (standard IHC practice; HPA: cytoplasmic tissue profile). Titrate the catalog antibody around the caption’s 1:100 condition on matched sections if both specific signal and background rise together (A07852 tissue-IHC caption; standard IHC practice). Compare staining with preserved morphology and expected cellular distribution; colour at folds, section edges or precipitate should not be counted as positive cells (standard IHC practice).
How should I score MEMO1 staining across tissue sections? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and cytoplasmic compartment before scoring, because MEMO1 tissue staining is reported mainly as cytoplasmic and varies by cell type (HPA: tissue IHC profile). For intensity analysis, use an H-score from the percentage of cells at each intensity; alternatively report % positive cells or positive-cell density per mm² of evaluable tissue (standard IHC practice). Normalise counts to the relevant cell population or evaluable tissue area, and apply identical positivity thresholds, retrieval and chromogen development across sections (standard IHC practice). Exclude folds, necrosis and cut edges, document their excluded area, and interpret small differences cautiously because antibody staining and RNA expression show low consistency (standard IHC practice; HPA: reliability assessment).
When is an apparent MEMO1-positive IHC result convincing?
A convincing result places chromogenic signal in intact cell cytoplasm and reproduces the pattern across comparable sections under the same processing conditions (HPA: cytoplasmic tissue profile; standard IHC practice). High staining in colon glandular cells or lung alveolar cells offers a pattern to compare, whereas adipocytes are reported as not detected; these are reference observations, not proof for a new specimen (HPA: tissue IHC). Question staining confined to nuclei, section edges or necrotic regions, and investigate colour present in the no-primary control as possible detection artefact (HPA: cytoplasmic tissue profile; standard IHC practice). Keep conclusions limited to antibody staining unless additional validation supports target specificity, given the reported low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression (HPA: reliability assessment).
Boster reagents
Best MEMO1 / Protein MEMO1 IHC Antibodies
A07852 has IHC images from paraffin-embedded human prostate and rat brain (catalog image captions). Human, Mouse and Rat reactivity is listed (catalog reactivity); IF/ICC validation is unreported (catalog applications).
Real IHC data
Anti-Protein MEMO1 MEMO1 Antibody
Cat # A07852
A07852 will render with an IHC figure from paraffin-embedded human prostate at 1:100 (catalog image caption). Its second caption documents paraffin-embedded rat brain at 1:100 (catalog image caption); Human, Mouse and Rat reactivity is listed (catalog reactivity).
Which to pick: Choose A07852 for paraffin-section IHC, supported by its own human prostate and rat brain captions (catalog image captions); the fixative is unreported (catalog image captions). No SKU here has a listed IF/ICC application or IF image, so IF/ICC validation is unreported (catalog applications; catalog IF images). For cross-species IHC, A07852 lists Human, Mouse and Rat reactivity (catalog reactivity), with images for Human and Rat only (catalog image captions); clonality is unreported (catalog clone field).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q9Y316 (MEMO1_HUMAN, Protein MEMO1).
- Human Protein Atlas. MEMO1 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Approved).
- Human Protein Atlas. MEMO1 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to vesicles..
- Human Protein Atlas. MEMO1 antibody validation summary (2 antibodies).
- Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed skin proteins in iRhom2(Uncv) mice. BMB reports 2015 — PMC4345637.
- Memo1-Mediated Tiling of Radial Glial Cells Facilitates Cerebral Cortical Development. Neuron 2019 — PMC6728225.
- Chromatin Remodeling Subunit ARID1A Negatively Regulates the Malignant Progression of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors by Targeting the MEMO1 Promoter. International journal of medical sciences 2026 — PMC13539913.
- Differential 3' Processing of Specific Transcripts Expands Regulatory and Protein Diversity Across Neuronal Cell Types. eLife 2018 — PMC5898910.
- PubMed PMID:11707072 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:10810093 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:14702039 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for MEMO1 (Protein MEMO1). Expected localisation Cytoplasmic staining in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: Citrate pH 6.0 HIER, 95–98 °C, 20 min (rule: cytoplasmic / membrane antigen). Validated IHC antibody: A07852 at 1:50-1:100 (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Colon (Glandular cells); negative Adipose tissue. IHC workflow; specimen preparation unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human prostate tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A07852); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A07852); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat-induced epitope retrieval in citrate buffer, pH 6.0 , 20 min at 95–98 °C…; 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% normal serum of the secondary host, 30 min , room temperature (standard); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-MEMO1, 1:50-1:100 (datasheet A07852); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (standard). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Antibody staining and RNA show low consistency (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: 3 isoforms; epitope coverage unreported (UniProt); Regulation: Expression regulation not annotated (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt Q9Y316, HPA tissue IHC · Approved, HPA ICC-IF · vesicles., Datasheet A07852, PMC4345637. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/MEMO1/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.