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Plan chromogenic PRMT7 IHC on paraffin sections with a 2–5 μg/ml starting range for the catalog antibody (datasheet A05485-2). Assess cytoplasmic staining across tissue cell types (HPA tissue IHC), and score any nuclear staining separately because a nuclear location is also annotated (UniProt).
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
| Expected localisation | Cytoplasmic tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC); nuclear location annotated (UniProt) | |
| Staining pattern | Widespread cytoplasmic staining across cell types (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A05485-2) | |
| Positive control | Appendix+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | None in HPA (detected in all 45 tissues); use no-primary + isotype controls |
| Fixation | Keep fixation consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Widespread staining limits negative tissue controls (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Expression regulation not annotated (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | Four isoforms; no transmembrane segment; verify epitope coverage (UniProt) |
The catalog antibody has a datasheet IHC protocol (datasheet: A05485-2); the published PRMT7 IHC methods below provide tissue-specific starting points (PMC4413634; PMC10539571; PMC1609128; PMC12490292).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human ovarian cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A05485-2) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A05485-2); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A05485-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A05485-2) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-PRMT7, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A05485-2) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A05485-2) |
| Detection | HRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet A05485-2) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | PRMT7-positive staining in glandular cells of appendix (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Ubiquitous cytoplasmic expression. No signal in the no-primary control. |
PRMT7 should show broadly distributed cytoplasmic staining in tissue IHC, with high staining reported in selected glandular, epithelial, hematopoietic, tubular, and macrophage populations (HPA: ubiquitous cytoplasmic expression; HPA: tissue IHC). Nuclear localization is biologically plausible (UniProt Q9NVM4: cytosol and nucleus), but the predominantly nucleoplasmic pattern comes from ICC-IF rather than paraffin IHC (HPA: subcellular ICC-IF). PRMT7 has no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q9NVM4: topology). HPA rates the tissue IHC pattern Supported, with medium agreement between staining and RNA data (HPA: tissue IHC).
| Clear cytoplasmic staining in appendix or colon glandular cells, kidney tubular cells, or lung macrophages (HPA: High in these cell populations). | This matches reported high-intensity tissue IHC sites (HPA: tissue IHC). Compare the relevant cell population with neighboring cells on the same section; widespread expression means a completely blank surrounding tissue is not required for a credible result (HPA: ubiquitous cytoplasmic expression). |
| Nuclear staining accompanies cytoplasmic staining, while the expected cytoplasmic population remains visible (HPA: tissue IHC; UniProt Q9NVM4: nucleus). | Nuclear PRMT7 is plausible (UniProt Q9NVM4: nucleus). The mainly nucleoplasmic signal, with an additional nucleolar fibrillar-center signal, was observed by ICC-IF (HPA: subcellular ICC-IF); it should not be used as the sole criterion for a positive paraffin IHC section. |
| Staining is confined to cell membranes or extracellular material, with no convincing intracellular signal (UniProt Q9NVM4: topology and localization). | That distribution conflicts with the reported cytosolic and nuclear locations and the absence of a transmembrane segment (UniProt Q9NVM4). Treat it as suspect; assess morphology and a no-primary control before assigning it to PRMT7 (general IHC practice). |
| Strong signal appears chiefly in an unexpected population while the reported high-staining population is weak, such as stromal cells beside unstained appendix glands (HPA: High in appendix glandular cells). | The mismatch raises concern for nonspecific binding or endogenous detection activity (general IHC practice). It does not establish that the unexpected cell population lacks PRMT7: HPA describes broadly distributed cytoplasmic expression and provides no negative tissue in this record (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Color covers the section diffusely, obscures cell boundaries, or also appears in the no-primary control (general IHC practice). | The distribution is unsuitable for assigning cellular PRMT7 localization (general IHC practice). Evaluate detection background and endogenous activity before scoring; HPA's tissue profile describes cell-associated cytoplasmic staining, not an interpretable diffuse haze (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Tissue and cell choice (HPA: tissue IHC) | High staining is reported in appendix, colon, duodenum, and gallbladder glandular cells; bronchial respiratory epithelium; kidney tubules; bone-marrow hematopoietic cells; and lung macrophages (HPA: tissue IHC). Low-staining examples include skeletal-muscle myocytes and hippocampal neurons, so these offer a weaker sensitivity check (HPA: Low in these populations). |
| Compartment and assay context (UniProt Q9NVM4; HPA: tissue IHC and subcellular ICC-IF) | For IHC, HPA describes ubiquitous cytoplasmic expression; UniProt also lists the nucleus (HPA: tissue IHC; UniProt Q9NVM4). IF/ICC Q&A: Where should signal appear? Mainly in the nucleoplasm, with an additional nucleolar fibrillar-center signal in HPA's ICC-IF observations (HPA: subcellular ICC-IF). |
| Antibody evidence (HPA: antibody validation) | The listed antibody, HPA044241, is rated Supported for IHC and Enhanced for ICC (HPA: antibody validation). These are application-specific evidence grades; the stronger ICC grade does not establish an equally strong paraffin-section nuclear pattern (HPA: antibody validation; HPA: tissue IHC and subcellular ICC-IF). |
| Protein form (UniProt Q9NVM4: isoforms, processing, topology) | Four isoforms are recorded, but this payload gives no isoform-specific staining pattern or antibody epitope (UniProt Q9NVM4: isoforms). PRMT7 has no annotated signal peptide, propeptide, or transmembrane segment, and its annotated chain spans residues 1–692 (UniProt Q9NVM4: processing and topology); these facts do not establish assay-specific retrieval or fixation effects. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| No signal in appendix or colon glands, kidney tubules, or another reported High population (HPA: tissue IHC). | The expected population may have been missed, or the staining run may have failed; a single absent signal does not identify a PRMT7-specific cause (HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC practice). | Confirm the relevant cells are present and examine a known-positive section processed in the same run; verify the primary-antibody, detection, and counterstain steps against the chosen IHC procedure (HPA: High populations; general IHC practice). |
| Only nuclear signal is visible in tissue IHC, with little cytoplasmic staining (HPA: tissue IHC). | PRMT7 can be nuclear, but the predominantly nucleoplasmic observation comes from ICC-IF; nuclear-only tissue staining has weaker support here (UniProt Q9NVM4: nucleus; HPA: subcellular ICC-IF). | Check a reported cytoplasmic High population and review the no-primary control before interpreting the nuclear signal; score the IHC and ICC-IF evidence separately (HPA: tissue IHC and subcellular ICC-IF; general IHC practice). |
| Strong membrane-like or extracellular staining dominates (UniProt Q9NVM4: topology and localization). | This conflicts with PRMT7's reported intracellular locations and lack of a transmembrane segment; nonspecific signal is possible (UniProt Q9NVM4; general IHC practice). | Recheck tissue morphology, compare with the no-primary control, and assess whether credible intracellular staining is also present in an HPA High population (general IHC practice; HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Brown signal persists in the no-primary control, particularly among blood-rich cells or macrophages (general chromogenic IHC practice). | Endogenous enzyme activity or detection-reagent background can mimic positive chromogenic staining; lung macrophages and bone-marrow hematopoietic cells are also reported PRMT7 High populations (general IHC practice; HPA: tissue IHC). | Apply the detection system's appropriate endogenous-activity control or blocking step, then compare primary-present and no-primary sections before calling those cells positive (general IHC practice). |
| A diffuse haze makes cell boundaries difficult to identify (general IHC practice). | Nonspecific reagent binding or excessive detection background can obscure the cellular distribution (general IHC practice). | Review blocking, washes, antibody concentration, detection exposure, and the no-primary control using the established IHC procedure; reassess only where cell-associated signal can be distinguished (general IHC practice). |
| A low-staining tissue gives a faint or apparently negative result (HPA: Low in skeletal-muscle myocytes and hippocampal neurons). | Low reported staining provides a limited positive-control challenge, while HPA reports no negative tissue in this payload (HPA: tissue IHC). | Check an HPA High cell population in the same validated workflow before inferring assay failure or absence of PRMT7 from the low-staining specimen (HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Supported — Medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appendix | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bone marrow | Hematopoietic cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bronchus | Respiratory epithelial cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Colon | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Duodenum | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| None in HPA: PRMT7 is detected in all 45 scored tissues. Use a no-primary (secondary-only) and an isotype control instead. | ||||
Troubleshoot PRMT7 staining in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, compartment, cell identity, and controls before comparing signal intensity.
A05485-2 has IHC images from human ovarian cancer and mouse and rat testis paraffin sections, plus IF data from CACO-2 cells (catalog image captions).
A05485-2 was demonstrated by IHC on human ovarian cancer and mouse and rat testis paraffin sections (catalog IHC image captions). The same SKU was demonstrated by IF/ICC in CACO-2 cells (catalog IF image caption).
Which to pick: Choose A05485-2 for paraffin-section IHC; its captions report EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 and 2 μg/ml primary antibody, while the fixative is unreported (catalog IHC image captions). For IF/ICC, A05485-2 has a CACO-2 image at 5 μg/ml (catalog IF image caption). For cross-species IHC, its human, mouse and rat tissue images provide examples for all three listed reactive species; clonality is unreported (catalog IHC image captions; catalog reactivity and clone fields).