SH3GL2 / Endophilin-A1 · IHC design guide

Design Immunohistochemistry for SH3GL2

Plan SH3GL2 chromogenic IHC in paraffin sections using CNS neuropil as a positive reference (HPA tissue IHC). This guide covers the catalog antibody’s 2–5 μg/ml IHC range (datasheet A05430-2), fixation consistency, and cell-aware scoring.

Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for SH3GL2 (IHC for SH3GL2): expected localisation Cytoplasmic staining in CNS tissue (HPA tissue IHC), antibody A05430-2, validated IHC image, and IHC protocol steps
Printable SH3GL2 IHC protocol sheet — expected localisation Cytoplasmic staining in CNS tissue (HPA tissue IHC), antibody A05430-2, controls and protocol steps. Open the full SH3GL2 IHC guide →

SH3GL2 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide

Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.

Must know before staining
Expected localisation Cytoplasmic staining in CNS tissue (HPA tissue IHC)
Staining pattern Strong cytoplasmic staining in CNS neuropil (HPA tissue IHC)
Antigen retrieval EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A05430-2)
Positive control ⓘ Cerebellum+4 more · see all
Negative control ⓘ Adipose tissue+4 more · see all
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
Fixation Matched tissue-IHC evidence does not establish the fixation claim. Validate the specimen-specific method before use. (selected-SKU IHC image A05430-2)
Caveat Placental Hofbauer cells also stain strongly (HPA tissue IHC)
Regulation High expression in fetal cerebellum (UniProt)
Isoform / epitope No isoforms reported; chain spans aa 1–352 (UniProt)
Section 1

Recommended SH3GL2 IHC & IF Protocols

The catalog antibody’s IHC-P protocol is paired with three published SH3GL2 IHC protocols covering gerbil hippocampus and human tumor tissue (PMC7916150; PMC3651136; PMC5661104).

Recommended immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) protocol parameters
SampleParaffin-embedded human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A05430-2)
FixationImage fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A05430-2); verify before use.
Sectioning4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard)
DeparaffinisationXylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard)
Antigen retrievalHeat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A05430-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard)
Peroxidase block3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard)
Blocking10% goat serum (datasheet A05430-2)
Primary antibodyRabbit anti-SH3GL2, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A05430-2)
Primary incubationOvernight at 4 °C (datasheet A05430-2)
DetectionStreptavidin-biotin complex (SABC), DAB chromogen (datasheet A05430-2)
CounterstainHematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard)
Expected resultSH3GL2-positive staining in molecular layer - neuropil of cerebellum (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Selective cytoplasmic expression in CNS. No signal in the no-primary control.
💡Decision noteStart with heat-mediated EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 for the catalog antibody (datasheet: A05430-2); assess the published dilutions separately with their reported samples.
Section 2

What Is the Expected SH3GL2 Staining Pattern?

SH3GL2 should give predominantly cytoplasmic staining in selected CNS structures, strongest in cerebellar molecular layer neuropil and cerebral cortex neuropil; placenta Hofbauer cells are another documented positive population (HPA: Enhanced tissue IHC; High in these populations). UniProt places SH3GL2 in cytoplasm, at membranes, early endosomes and presynapses, with no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q99962: subcellular location and topology). Read the slide by compartment and cell type, not overall tissue darkness.

What am I looking at on my slide?
Strong staining in cerebellar molecular layer neuropil or cerebral cortex neuropil, with little nuclear signal.This matches the documented High neuropil pattern (HPA: cerebellum and cerebral cortex tissue IHC). Cytoplasmic and presynaptic localization makes a neuropil centered result plausible (UniProt Q99962: subcellular location). Judge intensity against a matched control section, since this record does not set an absolute chromogen threshold.
Moderate cytoplasmic staining in glial cells of caudate or hippocampus, or strong staining in placental Hofbauer cells.These are documented cell specific results, even though the tissue profile is described as selective cytoplasmic expression in CNS (HPA: Medium in caudate and hippocampus glial cells; High in placenta Hofbauer cells). Do not reject the placental population solely because it is outside the CNS.
Dominant nuclear staining, or a pattern confined to a compartment unrelated to the expected cytoplasmic signal.Treat this as a localization mismatch requiring control review: nucleus is absent from the listed SH3GL2 locations (UniProt Q99962: cytoplasm, membrane, early endosome, presynapse). Check counterstain separation and antibody dependent signal before calling the compartment positive (standard IHC practice).
Strong staining in a cell population documented as Not detected, such as adipocytes in adipose tissue.This conflicts with the supplied tissue observation (HPA: adipose adipocytes Not detected). Cross reactivity or endogenous detection activity are possibilities, not proven diagnoses; compare an antibody omission control and, if available, an independently validated SH3GL2 antibody (standard IHC practice; HPA: multiple IHC Enhanced antibodies).
Uniform haze across cells and extracellular space, or no signal in cerebellar molecular layer neuropil.Haze obscures the selective cell and compartment pattern (HPA: selective cytoplasmic tissue IHC). A blank known positive section conflicts with the documented High neuropil signal (HPA: cerebellum). Inspect control sections and the IHC detection workflow before interpreting either result as SH3GL2 expression (standard IHC practice).
💡Expected SH3GL2 appearanceCall a section positive when High signal marks cerebellar molecular layer or cerebral cortex neuropil, with cytoplasmic localization; uniform nuclear staining or signal in a documented Not detected cell population warrants investigation (HPA: tissue IHC; UniProt Q99962: subcellular location).
How each factor affects the staining
Which tissue and cell population is being scored?The reference level depends on the precise population: High in cerebellar and cortical neuropil and placental Hofbauer cells, Medium in caudate and hippocampal glial cells, and Not detected in listed populations including adipose adipocytes (HPA: tissue IHC). Score those populations separately rather than assigning one expected intensity to every cell in an organ.
Which compartment should carry the chromogen?Expect a cytoplasmic pattern compatible with membrane associated, early endosomal and presynaptic SH3GL2; no transmembrane segment is annotated (UniProt Q99962: subcellular location and topology). These annotations guide interpretation but do not establish that individual vesicles can be resolved by chromogenic IHC.
How strong is the tissue pattern evidence?HPA rates the tissue profile Enhanced because antibody staining is highly consistent with RNA expression data (HPA: tissue IHC reliability). HPA also lists 3 IHC Enhanced antibodies: HPA026685, HPA063573 and CAB010056 (HPA: antibody validation). This supports the reference pattern; it does not validate a new specimen's staining without its own controls.
Q: Does an IF/ICC microtubule pattern change the IHC call?A: HPA reports approved microtubule localization, plus cytokinetic bridge and mitotic spindle localization, in ICC-IF (HPA: subcellular ICC-IF). That is a distinct assay observation; use the HPA tissue IHC cell and compartment pattern to judge a paraffin section (HPA: tissue IHC).
Why is my staining missing, weak or wrong?
SituationLikely causeNext action
Known positive cerebellar molecular layer neuropil is blank or much weaker than the matched control (HPA: High).The run may have lost signal during retrieval, primary antibody incubation or chromogenic detection (standard IHC practice); no SH3GL2 specific fixation sensitivity is supplied.Review the positive control, retrieval record, antibody dilution and detection reagents; repeat with the catalog antibody's validated IHC-P conditions where available (standard IHC practice). Do not infer absence of SH3GL2 from a failed control.
Chromogen appears mainly in nuclei rather than neuropil or cytoplasm (HPA: tissue IHC; UniProt Q99962: location).A nuclear dominant result conflicts with the supplied localization; counterstain confusion or nonspecific staining may account for the appearance (standard IHC practice).Compare the stained slide with an antibody omission control, confirm which color is chromogen, and reassess the same cell population on a known positive section (standard IHC practice).
Adipose adipocytes or another HPA Not detected population stains strongly (HPA: tissue IHC).Cross reactivity or endogenous detection activity is possible; the supplied record cannot identify which explains a particular slide.Check an antibody omission control for detection derived signal, inspect the cell identity, and compare an independent IHC Enhanced antibody if available (standard IHC practice; HPA: antibody validation).
Diffuse brown haze makes neuropil and cell boundaries hard to distinguish (HPA: selective cytoplasmic tissue IHC).Background from nonspecific binding, inadequate washing or detection chemistry can reduce contrast (standard IHC practice).Inspect omission and positive controls; review blocking, wash steps and development time, then repeat under validated IHC-P conditions (standard IHC practice).
Placental Hofbauer cells stain despite an expectation of CNS restricted staining (HPA: High in Hofbauer cells).The shorthand CNS profile overlooks a documented placental positive cell population (HPA: selective cytoplasmic CNS profile; placenta Hofbauer cells High).Score Hofbauer cells separately from surrounding placental cells and retain them as a documented positive population when morphology and controls agree (HPA: placenta tissue IHC; standard IHC practice).
IF/ICC shows microtubules while the paraffin IHC section highlights neuropil (HPA: subcellular ICC-IF; tissue IHC).HPA reports microtubules in ICC-IF and neuropil staining in tissue IHC; the observations come from different preparations (HPA: subcellular ICC-IF; tissue IHC).Interpret each result against its own HPA reference and controls; do not require visible microtubules to accept the documented chromogenic neuropil pattern (HPA: tissue IHC; standard IHC practice).

Sample controls for SH3GL2 IHC & IF

🧪Run cerebellum first and require staining in the molecular-layer neuropil (HPA: High in cerebellar molecular-layer neuropil). Run adipose tissue as a negative, expecting adipocytes to remain unstained (HPA: Not detected in adipocytes); on the cerebellar slide, cells without specific signal should show counterstain only, although the supplied HPA rows do not identify a validated negative cerebellar cell type.
Positive control tissue: Cerebellum (Molecular layer - neuropil, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show SH3GL2 in HEK293, HeLa, RT-4, with annotated localisation: Microtubules (approved) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include no-primary (secondary-only) and concentration-matched nonimmune rabbit IgG controls, matching the primary antibody’s clonality where known (caption: rabbit anti-SH3GL2), plus a SH3GL2 knockout or validated peptide-block control. Quench endogenous peroxidase and check for endogenous biotin in cerebellum before using the caption’s biotin-based SABC/DAB detection (caption: SABC/DAB).
⚠️Feasibility: No target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is reported, and the selected A05430-2 paraffin-section caption leaves the fixative unreported. The caption uses heat-mediated EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0, but does not establish whether retrieval is required or whether frozen sections or IF are easier. In cerebellum, score the molecular-layer neuropil against local background and watch for endogenous biotin with the reported SABC/DAB method (HPA: High in cerebellar molecular-layer neuropil; caption: SABC/DAB).

HPA tissue IHC evidence for SH3GL2

Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Enhanced — High consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.

Positive expression · recommended positive controls

TissueCell typeLevelEvidenceSource
Cerebellum Molecular layer - neuropil High Protein (IHC) HPA →
Cerebral cortex Neuropil High Protein (IHC) HPA →
Placenta Hofbauer cells High Protein (IHC) HPA →
Caudate Glial cells Medium Protein (IHC) HPA →
Hippocampus Glial cells Medium Protein (IHC) HPA →

Undetected expression · recommended negative controls

TissueCell typeLevelEvidenceSource
Adipose tissue Adipocytes Not detected Protein (IHC) HPA →
Adrenal gland Glandular cells Not detected Protein (IHC) HPA →
Appendix Glandular cells Not detected Protein (IHC) HPA →
Bone marrow Hematopoietic cells Not detected Protein (IHC) HPA →
Breast Adipocytes Not detected Protein (IHC) HPA →
Section 3

Advanced SH3GL2 IHC Tips

Troubleshoot SH3GL2 chromogenic IHC in paraffin sections using the catalog antibody’s tissue example and the reported tissue and subcellular patterns.

Which retrieval condition should I try first for SH3GL2 in paraffin sections?
Start with heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for paraffin sections (datasheet A05430-2). The selected tissue example pairs this retrieval with 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C, making that combination a useful starting point (datasheet A05430-2). Compare adjacent sections with a primary-omission control and look for neuropil staining in cerebral cortex or cerebellum (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice). If signal is weak, adjust heating duration while keeping EDTA at pH 8.0 and antibody concentration constant; assess tissue damage and background before trying another buffer as a fallback (standard IHC practice).
How should I investigate weak staining when fixation may have varied?
The selected paraffin-section example does not state its fixative, so SH3GL2-specific fixation sensitivity is unknown (datasheet A05430-2). Record the fixative and processing history for each specimen, then compare similarly processed sections in the same staining run (standard IHC practice). Keep retrieval at EDTA pH 8.0 and the initial primary concentration at 2 μg/ml while assessing the effect of processing differences (datasheet A05430-2; standard IHC practice). Include a cerebral cortex or cerebellum reference section, where neuropil staining is reported as high (HPA tissue IHC). If the reference stains and a study section does not, review tissue preservation and morphology before attributing the difference to SH3GL2 expression (standard IHC practice).
What staining pattern should I expect, and which compartments warrant review?
In chromogenic tissue IHC, SH3GL2 staining is reported as selective cytoplasmic expression in the CNS, with high signal in cerebellar molecular-layer neuropil and cerebral cortex neuropil (HPA tissue IHC). Medium staining is reported in glial cells of caudate and hippocampus, while high staining is reported in placental Hofbauer cells (HPA tissue IHC). Cytoplasm, membranes, early endosomes and the presynapse are listed locations, and the protein has no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q99962 localisation and topology). Evaluate neuropil and identifiable cell populations separately, using morphology and a counterstain to assign the signal (standard IHC practice). Predominantly nuclear or diffuse section-wide DAB should prompt a review of controls and background before biological interpretation (UniProt Q99962 localisation; standard IHC practice).
Could epitope placement explain staining differences across specimens?
The supplied record lists 0 isoforms, a BAR domain at residues 18–249, and an SH3 domain at 290–349 (UniProt Q99962). It also lists phosphoserine 262 and phosphotyrosine 299, but the antibody epitope is not specified in the supplied caption (UniProt Q99962; datasheet A05430-2). Therefore, domain or modification effects on this antibody’s tissue staining cannot be assigned from these records alone (UniProt Q99962; datasheet A05430-2). Compare adjacent paraffin sections under the same EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and detection conditions before interpreting a change as epitope dependent (datasheet A05430-2; standard IHC practice). If epitope mapping becomes available, check its position against the reported domains and modified residues (UniProt Q99962; standard IHC practice).
How can I cross-check an IHC pattern with multiplex IF?
Treat multiplex IF as a separate assay: the supplied 2 μg/ml and EDTA pH 8.0 conditions come from a paraffin-section chromogenic IHC example (datasheet A05430-2). Pair SH3GL2 with a marker for the cell population being assessed, such as the glial or Hofbauer-cell populations reported in tissue IHC, and examine overlap within identified cells (HPA tissue IHC; standard IF practice). Select fluorophores after inspecting tissue autofluorescence and include single-label and no-primary controls for channel bleed-through and background (standard IF practice). Because SH3GL2 is listed in cytoplasm and on intracellular membranes without a transmembrane segment, optimise permeabilisation for access to an intracellular epitope; the antibody’s precise epitope is unspecified (UniProt Q99962 localisation and topology; datasheet A05430-2; standard IF practice).
What should I check when DAB appears across the whole section?
The selected example uses 10% goat serum blocking, a biotinylated secondary, streptavidin–biotin complex and DAB detection (datasheet A05430-2). Run a primary-omission section to assess detection-system background, and inspect a peroxidase-blocked control when diffuse brown signal persists (standard IHC practice). With this biotin-based workflow, assess endogenous biotin as another possible source of background, particularly if staining follows anatomy rather than the expected cell pattern (datasheet A05430-2; standard IHC practice). Compare the result with high neuropil staining reported in cerebral cortex or cerebellum and with tissue compartments reported as undetected, such as adipocytes in adipose tissue (HPA tissue IHC). Adjust blocking, washes or primary exposure one variable at a time while retaining the EDTA pH 8.0 starting condition (datasheet A05430-2; standard IHC practice).
How should I score SH3GL2 staining when neuropil and cells both contribute? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the region and compartment before scoring: cerebral cortex and cerebellar molecular-layer neuropil are reported as high, while glial-cell staining is reported as medium in caudate and hippocampus (HPA tissue IHC). For identifiable cells, report the percentage positive and an intensity-based H-score on its standard 0–300 scale; specify which cell population was counted (standard IHC practice). For neuropil, measure DAB-positive area or optical density per sampled tissue area, and report it separately from cell counts (standard IHC practice). Normalise each measurement to the corresponding intact, analyzable compartment and apply consistent counterstaining, imaging and threshold settings across sections (standard IHC practice). Include matched controls and note excluded folds, edges and necrotic regions in the scoring record (standard IHC practice).
How do I distinguish plausible SH3GL2 staining from artefact?
A plausible tissue pattern includes high neuropil staining in cerebellum or cerebral cortex and can include staining in placental Hofbauer cells (HPA tissue IHC). Compare unexpected positive cells with the tissue profile: adipocytes in adipose tissue and glandular cells in adrenal gland are reported as undetected (HPA tissue IHC). Review predominantly nuclear signal against the listed cytoplasmic, membrane, early-endosome and presynaptic locations, then check a primary-omission section before assigning that signal to SH3GL2 (UniProt Q99962 localisation; standard IHC practice). Edge-heavy staining, necrotic deposits or persistent brown signal after primary omission warrants assessment of section quality and endogenous peroxidase or biotin in the DAB workflow (datasheet A05430-2; standard IHC practice). The selected carcinoma image documents staining under its stated conditions but does not establish the identity of every positive cell (datasheet A05430-2; standard IHC practice).
Boster reagents

Best SH3GL2 / Endophilin-A1 IHC Antibodies

A05430-2 has IHC images from human tissue and mouse brain paraffin sections, plus IF/ICC data from HeLa cells (catalog image captions).

Real IHC data IHC analysis of SH3GL2 using anti-SH3GL2 antibody (A05430-2). SH3GL2 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed in EDTA buffer (pH 8.0, epitope retrieval solution). The tissue section was blocked with 10% goat serum. The tissue section was then incubated with 2 μg/ml rabbit anti-SH3GL2 Antibody (A05430-2) overnight at 4°C. Biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG was used as secondary antibody and incubated for 30 minutes at 37°C. The tissue section was developed using Strepavidin-Biotin-Complex (SABC) (Catalog # SA1022) with DAB as the chromogen.
Anti-SH3GL2 Antibody ®
Cat # A05430-2

A05430-2 is listed for IHC in human, mouse and rat; its IHC captions show human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, Hashimoto thyroiditis and mouse brain paraffin sections (catalog applications and IHC captions). A05430-2 is also listed for IF/ICC, with an IF image from HeLa cells (catalog applications and IF caption).

Which to pick: Choose A05430-2 for paraffin-section IHC: its image captions document EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 and primary antibody at 2 μg/ml (A05430-2 IHC captions); the fixative is unreported (A05430-2 IHC captions). For IF/ICC, A05430-2 has a HeLa-cell image using 5 μg/ml primary antibody (A05430-2 IF caption). For cross-species work, its catalog lists human, mouse and rat reactivity, while the supplied IHC images show human and mouse samples; clonality is unreported (A05430-2 catalog and IHC captions).

Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.

References

  1. UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q99962 (SH3G2_HUMAN, Endophilin-A1).
  2. Human Protein Atlas. SH3GL2 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Enhanced).
  3. Human Protein Atlas. SH3GL2 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Mainly localized to the microtubules. In addition localized to the cytokinetic bridge and mitotic spindle..
  4. Human Protein Atlas. SH3GL2 antibody validation summary (3 antibodies).
  5. Tat-Endophilin A1 Fusion Protein Protects Neurons from Ischemic Damage in the Gerbil Hippocampus: A Possible Mechanism of Lipid Peroxidation and Neuroinflammation Mitigation as Well as Synaptic Plasticity. Cells 2021 — PMC7916150.
  6. Overexpression of EGFR in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is associated with inactivation of SH3GL2 and CDC25A genes. PloS one 2013 — PMC3651136.
  7. Loss of SH3GL2 promotes the migration and invasion behaviours of glioblastoma cells through activating the STAT3/MMP2 signalling. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 2017 — PMC5661104.
  8. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Profiling Reveals Ancestry-Associated Epigenetic Reprogramming in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia. International journal of molecular sciences 2026 — PMC13164329.
  9. PubMed PMID:9169142 — UniProt-cited evidence.
  10. PubMed PMID:14702039 — UniProt-cited evidence.
  11. PubMed PMID:15164053 — UniProt-cited evidence.