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ABCA7 / Phospholipid-transporting ATPase ABCA7 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for ABCA7
Plan chromogenic ABCA7 IHC on paraffin sections, using bone marrow hematopoietic cells as a strong reference (HPA tissue IHC). The guide covers fixation, staining interpretation and a 5 μg/mL starting concentration for the IHC-P catalog antibody (datasheet: A03163).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
ABCA7 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Cytoplasmic in marrow and immune cell subsets (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Cytoplasmic staining in marrow and immune cell subsets (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | Citrate pH 6.0 HIER, 95–98 °C, 20 min (rule: cytoplasmic / membrane antigen) | |
| Positive control | Bone marrow+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Adipose tissue+4 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep paraffin-section fixation consistent across samples. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Presumed off-target staining may confound scoring (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Enriched in myelo-lymphatic tissues (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | Two isoforms; map extracellular vs cytoplasmic epitopes (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended ABCA7 IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody’s IHC-P protocol is followed by two published ABCA7 protocols for paraffin sections (PMC6176408; PMC2976870).
| Sample | Tissue sections; selected-image fixative not specified (standard IHC workflow) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A03163); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat-induced epitope retrieval in citrate buffer, pH 6.0, 20 min at 95–98 °C (standard rule: cytoplasmic / membrane antigen) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% normal serum of the secondary host, 30 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-ABCA7, 5 μg/mL (datasheet A03163) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (standard) |
| Detection | HRP-polymer secondary, DAB chromogen 5–10 min (standard) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | ABCA7-positive staining in hematopoietic cells of bone marrow (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Cytoplasmic expression in bone marrow and in subsets of immune cells in several tissues. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with citrate pH 6.0 at 95–98 °C for 20 min (page retrieval rule); one published protocol used 95 °C for 10 min (PMC6176408).
Section 2
What Is the Expected ABCA7 Staining Pattern?
ABCA7 is a multipass membrane protein that can also appear in intracellular compartments (UniProt Q8IZY2 topology and subcellular location). In paraffin-section IHC, expect cytoplasmic staining in bone marrow hematopoietic cells and subsets of immune cells; staining also occurs at ciliary rootlets in selected epithelia (HPA tissue IHC). HPA rates the tissue staining profile Enhanced but reports presumed off-target binding, so judge signal by cell type and compartment together (HPA tissue IHC).
| Strong cytoplasmic staining in bone marrow hematopoietic cells. | This matches a reported high-signal population and is a useful positive reference (HPA tissue IHC: High in bone marrow hematopoietic cells). Score the hematopoietic cells specifically; staining across every structure in the section would require a separate explanation (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| Strong staining concentrated at ciliary rootlets in fallopian tube or nasopharynx. | This matches the reported high-signal location in ciliated cells (HPA tissue IHC: High at ciliary rootlets). The restricted rootlet pattern matters as much as intensity: staining spread evenly through unrelated cells does not reproduce that observation (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| Predominantly nuclear signal, or uniform staining of every compartment. | A nuclear-dominant pattern does not match the reported membrane, Golgi and cytoplasmic locations (UniProt Q8IZY2 subcellular location; HPA subcellular). Treat it as suspect and check controls and detection background before assigning it to ABCA7 (general IHC practice). |
| Strong signal in a cell population recorded as not detected by HPA, such as adipocytes. | This conflicts with the reported IHC pattern for that population (HPA tissue IHC: adipocytes Not detected). Cross-reactivity is plausible because HPA notes presumed off-target binding; endogenous detection activity is another general chromogenic-IHC possibility (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| Diffuse color across tissue, or no staining in bone marrow hematopoietic cells. | Diffuse color obscures the compartment and cell-type pattern; an unstained reported high-signal population leaves the assay uninformative (HPA tissue IHC: bone marrow High; general IHC practice). Review background and positive controls before interpreting weaker or negative samples (general IHC practice). |
💡Expected ABCA7 appearanceCall positive a cell-restricted cytoplasmic signal in bone marrow hematopoietic cells, potentially strong there, or strong ciliary-rootlet signal in the reported epithelia; broad nuclear or indiscriminate staining is suspect (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q8IZY2 subcellular location).
| Tissue and cell selection | Bone marrow hematopoietic cells and fallopian-tube or nasopharyngeal ciliary rootlets are reported High; placenta decidual cells and spleen red-pulp cells are Medium (HPA tissue IHC). Choose and score the named cell population, since a tissue-level label does not describe every cell in that section (HPA tissue IHC). |
| Topology and compartment | ABCA7 has 15 annotated transmembrane segments and extracellular regions at residues 43–549 and 1264–1537 (UniProt Q8IZY2 topology). Its membrane association supports compartment-aware interpretation, but topology alone cannot predict a chromogenic epitope's visibility in a paraffin section (UniProt Q8IZY2 topology; general IHC practice). |
| Cell state | Resting macrophages are reported to contain ABCA7 in the cytoplasm, probably Golgi and endosomes; stimulation with C1q or apoptotic cells shifts it toward ruffles and phagocytic cups (UniProt Q8IZY2 subcellular location). A change in distribution within macrophages can therefore be biologically plausible without establishing a change in total abundance (UniProt Q8IZY2 subcellular location). |
| Antibody evidence | HPA041564 has Enhanced IHC validation, while the HPA tissue profile reports medium staining-versus-RNA consistency and disregarded presumed off-target binding (HPA antibodies; HPA tissue IHC). Match the observed cell and compartment pattern before accepting isolated strong staining as specific (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| Isoforms and processing | UniProt records 2 isoforms and a full-length chain spanning residues 1–2146, with no annotated propeptide (UniProt Q8IZY2 isoforms and processing). Without an antibody epitope in the supplied evidence, this record cannot establish which isoform a stain detects (UniProt Q8IZY2 isoforms; general IHC practice). |
| IF/ICC Q&A: where should ABCA7 appear? | Mainly at the plasma membrane and Golgi apparatus, with additional cell-junction signal in the reported ICC-IF images (HPA subcellular). This is an IF/ICC localisation answer; interpret paraffin-section chromogenic staining against the tissue IHC cell patterns above (HPA subcellular; HPA tissue IHC). |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| No signal in bone marrow hematopoietic cells. | A reported High population has failed as a positive reference (HPA tissue IHC). The failure's specific technical cause is undetermined from these sources. | Check that the hematopoietic population is present, then review antigen retrieval, primary-antibody and detection steps against the assay controls (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| Signal is strong in adipocytes or lymph-node germinal-center cells. | Both populations are reported Not detected; presumed off-target binding is documented in the HPA profile (HPA tissue IHC). | Compare the same run with the reported positive cell patterns and a negative control; investigate detection background before scoring this signal as ABCA7 (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| Color appears broadly in tissue despite little cell-specific pattern. | Nonspecific background or endogenous chromogenic activity can obscure a restricted stain (general IHC practice). | Inspect the no-primary control, blocking and washes; where the detection chemistry requires it, address endogenous enzyme activity (general IHC practice). |
| A section looks negative although the tissue is listed as ABCA7 positive. | HPA positives are assigned to named populations: for example, spleen red-pulp cells are Medium, rather than every spleen cell (HPA tissue IHC). | Find the annotated population and score it separately; compare it with a reported High positive control before calling the assay negative (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| Macrophage staining shifts from cytoplasm toward the cell edge. | Macrophage state may alter localisation: resting cytoplasmic signal and stimulated ruffle or phagocytic-cup localisation are reported (UniProt Q8IZY2 subcellular location). | Check whether the edge signal follows cell structures and remains cell restricted; record compartment separately from staining intensity (UniProt Q8IZY2 subcellular location; general IHC practice). |
| Nuclear staining dominates while expected cells lack a clear cytoplasmic or membrane pattern. | Nuclear-dominant staining is unsupported by the supplied ABCA7 localisation annotations (UniProt Q8IZY2 subcellular location; HPA subcellular). | Review controls, detection background and scoring boundaries; withhold a positive ABCA7 call until a supported cell and compartment pattern is visible (general IHC practice). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing ABCA7 staining
A03163 · IHCImmunohistochemistry of ABCA7 in human spleen tissue with ABCA7 antibody at 5 μg/mL.
A03163 · IHCImmunohistochemistry of ABCA7 in human spleen tissue with ABCA7 antibody at 5μg/ml.
A03163 · IFImmunofluorescence of ABCA7 in 293 cells with ABCA7 antibody at 20 μg/mL.
A03163-2 · IHCImmunohistochemistry (IHC) analyzes of ABCA7 pAb in paraffin-embedded human colon carcinoma tissue at 1:50,showing membrane staining.Negativ
A03163-2 · IHCImmunohistochemistry (IHC) analyzes of ABCA7 pAb in paraffin-embedded human kidney carcinoma tissue at 1:50,showing membrane staining.Negati
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000064687-ABCA7/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_19785297
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000064687-ABCA7/tissue/colon#imid_19785215
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000064687-ABCA7/tissue/liver#imid_19785224
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000064687-ABCA7/tissue/kidney#imid_19785225
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA041564; green = ABCA7, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA041564; green = ABCA7, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for ABCA7 IHC & IF
🧪Run bone marrow first and score hematopoietic cells, which show High ABCA7 staining (HPA: bone marrow, hematopoietic cells, High). Use adipose tissue adipocytes as the negative specimen (HPA: adipose tissue, adipocytes, Not detected); on the marrow slide, treat adipocytes, if present, as provisional internal background comparators because their status in marrow is unreported (HPA: adipocytes not detected in adipose tissue and breast).
Positive control tissue: Bone marrow (Hematopoietic cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show ABCA7 in A-431, U-251MG, U2OS, with annotated localisation: Golgi apparatus (supported), Plasma membrane (supported) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary (secondary-only) control, an isotype control matched to the primary antibody’s host and immunoglobulin class, and knockout tissue or a peptide-block control if the immunizing peptide is available (standard IHC practice). In bone marrow, quench endogenous peroxidase and check the no-primary slide for blood-cell or pigment background before scoring chromogenic signal (standard IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is unreported, and the selected A03163 spleen IHC caption gives 5 µg/mL but does not state a fixative (selected tissue-IHC caption). Antigen-retrieval dependency is unreported; compare the catalog antibody’s IHC-P retrieval condition with an unretrieved section during setup (standard IHC practice). The supplied evidence does not establish that frozen sections or IF/ICC are easier, although ICC-IF shows supported plasma-membrane and Golgi localization; assess marrow blood-cell background when interpreting IHC (HPA: subcellular localization; standard IHC practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for ABCA7
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Enhanced — Medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data. Presumed off target binding observed and disregarded.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bone marrow | Hematopoietic cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Fallopian tube | Ciliated cells (ciliary rootlets) | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Nasopharynx | Ciliated cells (ciliary rootlets) | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Placenta | Decidual cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Spleen | Cells in red pulp | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Breast | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Caudate | Glial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cerebellum | Cells in granular layer | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cerebral cortex | Endothelial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced ABCA7 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot ABCA7 staining in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, cell identity, compartment and controls before comparing staining intensity.
Which retrieval conditions should I try first for weak ABCA7 staining?
Start with citrate buffer at pH 6.0, heated to 95–98 °C for 20 min (page antigen-retrieval rule). Keep section thickness, cooling, antibody concentration and chromogen development constant while comparing retrieved sections with a no-retrieval control; the selected spleen image reports 5 µg/mL antibody but gives no retrieval conditions (selected A03163 tissue-IHC caption). If signal remains weak, test another retrieval condition on adjacent sections as a documented optimisation, checking whether tissue structure and cell boundaries remain readable. Judge improvement in expected immune-cell compartments, including spleen red-pulp cells, alongside background in neighbouring cells rather than by overall brown intensity (HPA: medium expression in spleen red-pulp cells).
How can I troubleshoot fixation when ABCA7 staining varies between sections?
ABCA7-specific fixation sensitivity is unknown because the selected tissue-IHC caption does not state a fixative (selected A03163 tissue-IHC caption). Record the actual fixative, time before fixation, fixation duration and processing history for each block, then compare sections from blocks processed alike before changing antibody or retrieval conditions. Use the same citrate pH 6.0, 95–98 °C, 20 min retrieval across that comparison so preparation differences remain visible (page antigen-retrieval rule). Include a comparably processed positive tissue section, such as spleen, and assess the expected red-pulp cells; uneven staining alone cannot establish a target-specific fixation effect (selected A03163 tissue-IHC caption; HPA: medium expression in spleen red-pulp cells).
Is cytoplasmic ABCA7 staining credible for a membrane transporter?
Yes: ABCA7 is annotated at the cell membrane, Golgi, early endosomes and cytoplasm, with redistribution to macrophage ruffles and phagocytic cups under specified stimulation (UniProt Q8IZY2 localisation). HPA tissue IHC describes cytoplasmic staining in bone marrow and subsets of immune cells, while its subcellular imaging supports plasma-membrane and Golgi localisation (HPA: tissue-IHC profile; HPA: subcellular localisation). Score membrane-associated and cytoplasmic patterns separately in morphologically identified cells, using an appropriately matched negative control to judge diffuse chromogen. Do not require every immune cell to show a continuous membrane rim: localisation can vary with cellular state, and the section may not resolve fine membrane structures (UniProt Q8IZY2 localisation).
Could epitope position or isoform choice explain discordant ABCA7 staining?
Check the antibody's stated immunogen or epitope before interpreting discordant staining: ABCA7 has 15 annotated transmembrane segments and two large extracellular regions, residues 43–549 and 1264–1537 (UniProt Q8IZY2 topology). Its single annotated glycosylation site is at residue 312, so accessibility may need empirical evaluation for an antibody directed near that region; no epitope is supplied for the selected antibody here (UniProt Q8IZY2 glycosylation; selected A03163 tissue-IHC caption). ABCA7 has 2 isoforms, with differing reported tissue expression (UniProt Q8IZY2 isoforms and tissue specificity). Document epitope coverage and compare cell-resolved staining with suitable controls before assigning an isoform-specific explanation.
How should I adapt this ABCA7 IHC finding for multiplex IF?
Treat multiplex IF as a separately optimised application: the selected ABCA7 image documents tissue IHC at 5 µg/mL, not IF performance or fixation (selected A03163 tissue-IHC caption). Pair ABCA7 with a validated marker for the immune-cell population being assessed, since HPA reports staining in subsets of immune cells and spleen red-pulp cells (HPA: tissue-IHC profile; HPA: spleen red-pulp cells). Choose a fluorophore channel after measuring tissue autofluorescence and include single-stain controls for spectral overlap. Match permeabilisation to the antibody's verified epitope side: intracellular-facing epitopes need access, whereas accessible extracellular epitopes may be tested without permeabilisation; the epitope side is not specified for this antibody (UniProt Q8IZY2 topology; selected A03163 tissue-IHC caption).
What controls help separate ABCA7 signal from chromogenic background?
Run a no-primary control on the same tissue to expose secondary-reagent binding, endogenous peroxidase or nonspecific DAB deposition; apply a peroxidase block as part of the general chromogenic workflow. Compare antibody titrations around the selected image's reported 5 µg/mL concentration while keeping retrieval and DAB development fixed; that concentration documents an image, not an established optimum for every specimen (selected A03163 tissue-IHC caption). Inspect cut edges, folds and damaged regions separately from intact cells, and confirm that apparent positivity follows cellular boundaries. HPA notes presumed off-target binding despite its enhanced tissue-IHC reliability designation, so unexpectedly broad staining warrants extra controls and cautious interpretation (HPA: reliability description).
How should I quantify ABCA7 across heterogeneous tissue sections? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and anatomical region before scoring; for spleen, record red-pulp cells separately because HPA reports medium staining there (HPA: spleen red-pulp cells). Within that compartment, report the percentage of positive cells and a prespecified intensity-based H-score, or count positive cells per mm² when cell density is the main outcome. Normalise counts to evaluable tissue area and, where populations differ between samples, report positivity relative to the number of eligible cells rather than total section area. Keep retrieval, antibody concentration, imaging and positivity thresholds constant, and exclude folds, necrosis and edge artefacts according to a written scoring rule.
How do I distinguish genuine ABCA7 staining from artefact?
Look for reproducible cell-associated staining in plausible compartments: HPA reports cytoplasmic signal in subsets of immune cells, while UniProt also places ABCA7 at membranes and intracellular organelles (HPA: tissue-IHC profile; UniProt Q8IZY2 localisation). In spleen, compare intact red-pulp cells with nearby tissue and a no-primary control, since that population has reported medium expression (HPA: spleen red-pulp cells). Staining confined to section edges, necrotic material or a diffuse noncellular deposit, or persisting in the no-primary control, should trigger review for processing artefact or endogenous enzyme activity. Unexpected cells or compartments require confirmation with cell identity and antibody-specific controls, especially given HPA's note of presumed off-target binding (HPA: reliability description).
Boster reagents
Best ABCA7 / Phospholipid-transporting ATPase ABCA7 IHC Antibodies
Two anti-ABCA7 antibodies have human tissue IHC images; A03163 also has IF images in 293 cells and human spleen, while A03163-2 lists human, mouse and rat reactivity (catalog images, applications and reactivity).
Real IHC data
Anti-ABCA7 Antibody
Cat # A03163
Real IHC data
Anti-ABCA7 Antibody
Cat # A03163-2
A03163 lists IHC-P, IF and ICC, with IHC shown in human spleen and IF shown in 293 cells and human spleen (catalog applications and image captions). A03163-2 lists IHC and shows membrane staining in paraffin-embedded human colon and kidney carcinoma at 1:50 (catalog applications and IHC image captions).
Which to pick: For paraffin-section IHC, choose A03163-2: its own images show human colon and kidney carcinoma sections, although the fixative is unreported (A03163-2 IHC image captions). For IF/ICC, choose A03163, which lists both applications and has IF images; its IHC image shows human spleen tissue without reporting the tissue fixative (A03163 applications and image captions). For mouse or rat samples, A03163-2 is the listed cross-species option, but its pictured IHC samples are human; both antibodies list rabbit host with no clone designation (catalog reactivity, host, clone and IHC image captions).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q8IZY2 (ABCA7_HUMAN, Phospholipid-transporting ATPase ABCA7).
- Human Protein Atlas. ABCA7 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Enhanced).
- Human Protein Atlas. ABCA7 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Mainly localized to the plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus. In addition localized to the cell junctions..
- Human Protein Atlas. ABCA7 antibody validation summary (1 antibodies).
- ATP-binding cassette transporter A7 accelerates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway. Oncology letters 2018 — PMC6176408.
- ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA1, ABCA7, and ABCG1 in mouse spermatozoa. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2008 — PMC2976870.
- Microglial glycolytic reprogramming in alzheimer's disease: association with impaired phagocytic function and altered vascular proximity. Journal of neuroinflammation 2025 — PMC12492836.
- ABCA7-dependent induction of neuropeptide Y is required for synaptic resilience in Alzheimer's disease through BDNF/NGFR signaling. Cell genomics 2024 — PMC11480862.
- PubMed PMID:10873640 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:11095984 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:11355874 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for ABCA7 (Phospholipid-transporting ATPase ABCA7). Expected localisation Cytoplasmic in marrow and immune cell subsets (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: Citrate pH 6.0 HIER, 95–98 °C, 20 min (rule: cytoplasmic / membrane antigen). Validated IHC antibody: A03163 at 5 μg/mL (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Bone marrow (Hematopoietic cells); negative Adipose tissue. IHC workflow; specimen preparation unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Tissue sections; selected-image fixative not specified (standard IHC workflow); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A03163); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat-induced epitope retrieval in citrate buffer, pH 6.0 , 20 min at 95–98 °C…; 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% normal serum of the secondary host, 30 min , room temperature (standard); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-ABCA7, 5 μg/mL (datasheet A03163); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (standard). Watch for: Fixation: Keep paraffin-section fixation consistent across samples. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Presumed off-target staining may confound scoring (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: Two isoforms; map extracellular vs cytoplasmic epitopes (UniProt); Regulation: Enriched in myelo-lymphatic tissues (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt Q8IZY2, HPA tissue IHC · Enhanced, HPA ICC-IF · Mainly localized to the plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus. In…, Datasheet A03163, PMC6176408, PMC2976870. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/ABCA7/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.