This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website.
- Table of Contents
CORO1A / Coronin-1A · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for CORO1A
Plan CORO1A IHC in paraffin sections using tissue controls and consistent fixation. Interpret cytoplasmic lymphocyte staining against the expected tissue pattern (HPA tissue IHC).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
CORO1A Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Cytoplasmic in lymphocytes (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Cytoplasmic lymphocytes, most abundant in lymphoid tissue (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A04245-2) | |
| Positive control | Appendix+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Adipose tissue+4 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Lymphocyte abundance can dominate tissue signal (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | High in lymphoid and marrow cells (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Isoform / epitope | No annotated isoforms; chain spans residues 2–461 (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended CORO1A IHC & IF Protocols
Compare the catalog antibody’s IHC-P protocol (datasheet: A04245-2) with three published CORO1A IHC methods (PMC10418749; PMC13293819; PMC12535887).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human colonic adenocarcinoma tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A04245-2) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A04245-2); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A04245-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A04245-2) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-CORO1A, 1-2μg/ml (datasheet A04245-2) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A04245-2) |
| Detection | Streptavidin-biotin complex (SABC), DAB chromogen (datasheet A04245-2) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | CORO1A-positive staining in non-germinal center cells of appendix (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Cytoplasmic expression of lymphocytes, most abundant in lymphoid tissue, and of subsets of cells in brain. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with EDTA pH 8.0 heat retrieval for the catalog antibody (datasheet: A04245-2); citrate retrieval was used in the mouse knee method (PMC13293819).
Section 2
What Is the Expected CORO1A Staining Pattern?
CORO1A should appear mainly in the cytoplasm of lymphocytes, with strong staining in lymphoid tissue and hematopoietic cells (HPA: Enhanced tissue IHC; High in lymphoid and bone marrow cell populations). A cortical or membrane-adjacent accent may fit its cytoskeletal location, but a purely nuclear pattern does not (UniProt P31146: cytoplasm, cytoskeleton and cell cortex). CORO1A has no transmembrane segment (UniProt P31146: topology).
| Strong cytoplasmic stain in lymph node germinal center cells, tonsil germinal center cells, or bone marrow hematopoietic cells. | This matches reported High staining in those cell populations (HPA: tissue IHC). Judge the labelled cells and their compartment, since a brown area alone does not establish a CORO1A pattern (standard IHC interpretation). |
| Stain is predominantly nuclear, or appears as a uniform outline of every cell. | A nuclear pattern conflicts with the reported cytosolic and cortical locations; a universal cell outline is unsupported by the absence of a transmembrane segment (UniProt P31146: subcellular location and topology). Review counterstain, detection controls and morphology before interpreting it as specific (standard IHC practice). |
| Strong stain occurs in adipocytes or bronchial respiratory epithelial cells. | Those particular cells were Not detected in the listed tissue samples (HPA: adipose tissue and bronchus IHC). Cross-reactivity or endogenous chromogen activity is possible; nearby immune cells may still be genuine positives, so identify the stained cell type before judging the section (standard IHC interpretation). |
| Brown colour is diffuse across stroma, empty spaces, or most cell types. | This does not reproduce the reported cell-selective cytoplasmic pattern (HPA: tissue IHC). Uneven detection reagent, inadequate washing, or endogenous enzyme activity can produce background in chromogenic IHC (standard IHC practice); compare a no-primary control on the same tissue. |
| No stain appears in an adequately preserved lymph node or bone marrow section. | That conflicts with High staining reported for germinal center or hematopoietic cells (HPA: tissue IHC). First check that the expected cells are present; then investigate the staining run with a known-positive section and detection controls (standard IHC practice). |
💡Expected CORO1A appearanceCall a result positive when identifiable lymphoid or hematopoietic cells show clear, predominantly cytoplasmic staining, often strong in the listed positive tissues; isolated nuclear colour or broad staining of HPA-negative cell types is suspect (HPA: tissue IHC; UniProt P31146: subcellular location).
| Cell population and tissue | Use the named cells as the reference: HPA reports High staining in lymph node and tonsil germinal center cells, spleen red pulp cells, and bone marrow hematopoietic cells (HPA: tissue IHC). An entire organ is not uniformly positive; evaluate the cells actually present in the section (standard IHC interpretation). |
| Compartment and topology | Expect cytoplasmic signal, potentially accentuated at the cell cortex; CORO1A also associates with cytoskeleton and, in the specified infection context, phagosome membranes (UniProt P31146: subcellular location). Its lack of a transmembrane segment gives no basis to require a continuous plasma-membrane rim (UniProt P31146: topology). |
| Evidence strength and tissue limits | HPA rates its tissue IHC profile Enhanced, citing agreement between antibody staining and RNA expression; both listed IHC antibodies have Enhanced validation (HPA: tissue IHC and antibody records). This supports the reported pattern, but does not establish that every sample or staining run must have identical intensity. |
| Brain and other non-lymphoid cells | HPA reports High cytoplasm/membrane staining in cerebellar granular cells, Medium staining in cerebral cortex glial cells, and Low staining in hippocampal and caudate glial cells (HPA: tissue IHC). Interpret these named populations separately from the predominantly lymphoid profile rather than treating all brain cells as equally positive. |
| IF/ICC Q&A: where should fluorescence appear? | A cytosolic pattern is the approved HPA ICC-IF location (HPA: subcellular record). This supports a compartment check if comparing modalities; it supplies no IF/ICC staining conditions or IHC-P protocol, and fluorescence intensity should not be equated with chromogenic IHC intensity (standard assay interpretation). |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Known-positive lymphoid cells are unstained. | The result disagrees with reported High staining in lymph node or tonsil germinal center cells (HPA: tissue IHC); an incomplete IHC run or insufficient detection is possible (standard IHC practice). | Confirm the expected cells on the counterstained section, then check the run controls, primary antibody preparation and detection steps; adjust retrieval only against the antibody's documented IHC-P instructions (standard IHC practice). |
| The whole section has a brown haze. | Diffuse staining is inconsistent with the HPA cell-selective profile (HPA: tissue IHC). Endogenous enzyme activity or residual detection reagent can contribute to chromogenic background (standard IHC practice). | Compare a no-primary control, inspect the pattern between cells, and check blocking and wash steps appropriate to the detection chemistry (standard IHC practice). |
| Adipocytes or bronchial epithelium stain strongly. | Those cell types are reported Not detected (HPA: adipose tissue and bronchus IHC); nonspecific primary binding or endogenous detection activity is possible (standard IHC practice). | Identify the stained cells morphologically and compare a no-primary control and a known-positive lymphoid section before calling the signal CORO1A (standard IHC interpretation). |
| Only nuclei stain in the expected positive cells. | A nuclear-only pattern conflicts with the reported cytoplasmic or cortical location (UniProt P31146: subcellular location; HPA: tissue IHC). Counterstain or nonspecific detection may confuse the readout (standard IHC practice). | Compare the chromogen with the counterstain and no-primary control; reassess the primary and detection reagents if the signal remains nuclear (standard IHC practice). |
| Some lymphoid regions stain and others do not. | HPA reports staining in specific cell populations, including germinal center cells, rather than every cell in lymphoid tissue (HPA: tissue IHC). Different cell composition can therefore change the apparent signal. | Score comparable identified cell populations across regions and check morphology before attributing the difference to a staining failure (standard IHC interpretation). |
| Cerebellar staining seems unexpected beside a lymphoid control. | High staining in cerebellar granular cells is part of the reported tissue profile (HPA: cerebellum IHC), despite the strong lymphoid enrichment elsewhere (HPA: tissue IHC). | Verify that the signal is in granular cells with the reported cytoplasm/membrane appearance; use cell identity and compartment together when assessing specificity (HPA: cerebellum IHC; standard IHC interpretation). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing CORO1A staining
A04245-2 · IHCIHC analysis of Coronin 1a/TACO/CORO1A using anti-Coronin 1a/TACO/CORO1A antibody (A04245-2). Coronin 1a/TACO/CORO1A was detected in paraffi
A04245-2 · IHCIHC analysis of Coronin 1a/TACO/CORO1A using anti-Coronin 1a/TACO/CORO1A antibody (A04245-2). Coronin 1a/TACO/CORO1A was detected in paraffi
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000102879-CORO1A/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_14218348
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000102879-CORO1A/tissue/colon#imid_14218274
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000102879-CORO1A/tissue/liver#imid_14218259
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000102879-CORO1A/tissue/kidney#imid_14218260
HPA · ICC-IF Hep-G2Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, Hep-G2, antibody HPA051132; green = CORO1A, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF Hep-G2Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, Hep-G2, antibody HPA051132; green = CORO1A, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for CORO1A IHC & IF
🧪Run bone marrow first: hematopoietic cells should stain (HPA: High in bone marrow hematopoietic cells). Use adipose tissue as the negative tissue, with adipocytes expected to remain unstained (HPA: Not detected in adipocytes); on the positive slide, score morphologically distinct nonhematopoietic cells against background, since the supplied HPA bone marrow row does not identify a validated internal negative cell type (HPA: bone marrow row).
Positive control tissue: Appendix (Non-germinal center cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show CORO1A in Hep-G2, MCF-7, U2OS, KOLF2.1J, NIH 3T3, with annotated localisation: Cytosol (approved) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary, secondary-only control; rabbit IgG matched to the primary antibody’s format and concentration; and a CORO1A-knockout biological negative where available (caption: rabbit primary; standard IHC practice). Block endogenous peroxidase in bone marrow cells and assess endogenous biotin background when using the caption’s biotinylated secondary and SABC–DAB detection (standard IHC practice; caption: biotinylated secondary and SABC–DAB).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is unreported, and the selected A04245-2 tissue-IHC caption does not state the fixative (caption: fixative unreported). The caption reports heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0, but does not establish that retrieval is required (caption: EDTA retrieval); no supplied comparison establishes that frozen sections or IF are easier than paraffin IHC, although ICC-IF images show cytosolic localization (HPA: Cytosol, approved). Endogenous peroxidase in marrow myeloid cells can mimic chromogenic signal and should be controlled (standard IHC practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for CORO1A
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Enhanced — High consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appendix | Non-germinal center cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bone marrow | Hematopoietic cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cerebellum | Granular cells - cytoplasm/membrane | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Lymph node | Germinal center cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Spleen | Cells in red pulp | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Adrenal gland | Glandular cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Breast | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bronchus | Respiratory epithelial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cervix | Glandular cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced CORO1A IHC Tips
Troubleshoot CORO1A staining in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, cellular distribution and controls before interpreting chromogenic signal.
Which retrieval conditions should I use when CORO1A staining is weak?
Start with heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for paraffin sections (datasheet A04245-2). The selected tissue-IHC image used that retrieval, followed by 10% goat serum block and 2 µg/mL primary antibody overnight at 4°C (caption A04245-2). If staining remains weak, compare retrieval heating and cooling conditions across adjacent sections while keeping antibody concentration, detection and development constant (standard IHC practice). Judge improvement in lymphocytes or other hematopoietic cells, and reject conditions that raise diffuse staining in surrounding tissue (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice).
Could fixation explain weak or uneven CORO1A staining?
Target-specific sensitivity to fixation is unknown because the selected paraffin-section caption does not report a fixative (caption A04245-2). Record the fixative and processing history for each specimen, then compare similarly processed sections before changing retrieval or antibody concentration (standard IHC practice). Where fixation histories differ, use a consistently processed lymphoid control to distinguish a specimen effect from a staining-run effect (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice). Do not assign weak CORO1A staining to a particular fixative from tissue-expression patterns, cytoskeletal association or phosphorylation annotations alone (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt P31146; caption A04245-2).
What cellular pattern should count as CORO1A staining?
Score predominantly cytoplasmic staining in the appropriate cells; CORO1A is associated with cytoskeleton and cell cortex, and tissue IHC describes cytoplasmic lymphocyte expression (UniProt P31146; HPA tissue IHC). Cortical accentuation can fit that distribution, but a purely nuclear pattern needs scrutiny before it is counted as positive (UniProt P31146 localisation; standard IHC practice). In lymphoid tissue, examine the stained cellular compartment at high magnification and compare it with the counterstain and adjacent cells (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice). The reported phagosomal association concerns mycobacteria-infected macrophages, so do not assume every punctum in a routine paraffin section represents CORO1A (UniProt P31146 localisation).
How should an unknown epitope affect protocol optimisation?
The supplied record annotates 0 isoforms and gives no antibody epitope, so a particular sequence region cannot be assumed for this reagent (UniProt P31146; caption A04245-2). CORO1A has no transmembrane segment, and its annotated modifications include residues near the amino terminus and at positions 412, 422 and 449 (UniProt P31146). These annotations do not establish whether any modification alters binding in paraffin sections (UniProt P31146; standard IHC interpretation). If a staining pattern changes with retrieval, compare adjacent sections and a positive cellular control before attributing the change to epitope masking or modification (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice).
How can I assess CORO1A by multiplex IF?
Pair CORO1A with a marker for the expected lymphocyte population so that cellular identity can be checked in the same section (HPA tissue IHC; standard IF practice). Include unstained tissue and single-label controls, then select a fluorophore channel with low tissue autofluorescence and minimal signal spillover (standard IF practice). Because CORO1A is intracellular and lacks a transmembrane segment, use permeabilisation suitable for access to a cytosolic epitope and compare it with a milder condition if morphology suffers (UniProt P31146 topology; HPA subcellular; standard IF practice). Verify cytosolic distribution separately from the chromogenic result; the selected caption documents paraffin-section IHC rather than an IF protocol (HPA subcellular; caption A04245-2).
What should I check when DAB appears throughout the section?
First inspect a no-primary control to separate detection-system background from primary-antibody staining (standard IHC practice). The selected paraffin-section method used 10% goat serum, a biotinylated secondary, an avidin-biotin detection complex and DAB, so assess nonspecific secondary binding and endogenous biotin in that workflow (caption A04245-2; standard IHC practice). Include an appropriate peroxidase block and check whether pigment or precipitated chromogen persists in the no-primary control (standard IHC practice). Compare any residual signal with expected cytoplasmic staining in lymphocytes or hematopoietic cells before changing the 2 µg/mL primary concentration (HPA tissue IHC; caption A04245-2).
How should I quantify CORO1A across tissue sections? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and compartment before scoring: tissue IHC reports cytoplasmic expression in lymphocytes and high staining in several lymphoid or hematopoietic populations (HPA tissue IHC). Within matched regions, report the percentage of positive cells and intensity-based H-score, or count positive cells per mm² when infiltration is the biological question (standard IHC practice). Normalise each result to the relevant cell count or measured tissue area, and keep counterstain, segmentation rules and DAB exposure consistent across specimens (standard IHC practice). Exclude folds, necrosis and section edges from scored regions, and retain a consistently processed control across runs (standard IHC practice).
How can I distinguish genuine CORO1A signal from artefact?
A convincing positive follows cellular boundaries and shows cytoplasmic staining in an expected population, especially lymphocytes in lymphoid tissue (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt P31146 localisation). A predominantly nuclear deposit, uniform staining of unrelated cells, or signal concentrated at a section edge warrants review of localisation and staining controls (UniProt P31146 localisation; standard IHC practice). Exclude necrotic areas and compare no-primary and peroxidase-block controls when DAB appears outside intact cells (standard IHC practice). In a paraffin-section specimen, do not interpret punctate signal as phagosomal retention without independent evidence of the relevant infection context (UniProt P31146 localisation; standard IHC interpretation).
Boster reagents
Best CORO1A / Coronin-1A IHC Antibodies
A04245-2 has chromogenic IHC images from paraffin sections of human colonic adenocarcinoma, gastric cancer, liver cancer, and lung cancer (catalog image captions). Human, mouse, and rat reactivity is listed (catalog: reactivity).
Real IHC data
Anti-Coronin 1a/TACO/CORO1A Antibody ®
Cat # A04245-2
A04245-2 is the sole SKU and has IHC images from paraffin sections of four human cancer tissues (catalog image captions). Its listed applications include IHC but exclude IF/ICC (catalog: applications).
Which to pick: For tissue IHC, choose A04245-2: its human paraffin-section images used 2 μg/ml antibody with EDTA retrieval and DAB detection (catalog image captions); the fixative is unreported (catalog image captions). No IF/ICC application or image is listed, so an IF/ICC choice cannot be supported here (catalog: applications and image captions). For mouse or rat work, A04245-2 lists species reactivity, but its IHC images document human sections only (catalog: reactivity; catalog image captions).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry P31146 (COR1A_HUMAN, Coronin-1A).
- Human Protein Atlas. CORO1A tissue IHC expression (reliability: Enhanced).
- Human Protein Atlas. CORO1A subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to the cytosol..
- Human Protein Atlas. CORO1A antibody validation summary (2 antibodies).
- Proteomic Analysis of Dysfunctional Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells Reveals Substantial Differences in Most Common Experimental Models of Chronic Liver Diseases. International journal of molecular sciences 2023 — PMC10418749.
- CORO1A links inflammatory chondrocyte subpopulations to immune microenvironment alterations in osteoarthritis: an integrative multi-omics and single-cell study. Frontiers in immunology 2026 — PMC13293819.
- Identification of key biomarkers and immune infiltration in renal interstitial fibrosis. Annals of translational medicine 2022 — PMC8908133.
- CORO1A: a pan-cancer prognosis, diagnostic and immune biomarker based on breast cancer validation. Frontiers in oncology 2025 — PMC12535887.
- PubMed PMID:7758584 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:14702039 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:15489334 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for CORO1A (Coronin-1A). Expected localisation Cytoplasmic in lymphocytes (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A04245-2). Validated IHC antibody: A04245-2 at 1-2μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Appendix (Non-germinal center cells); negative Adipose tissue. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human colonic adenocarcinoma tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A04245-2); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A04245-2); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A04245-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A04245-2); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-CORO1A, 1-2μg/ml (datasheet A04245-2); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A04245-2). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Lymphocyte abundance can dominate tissue signal (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: No annotated isoforms; chain spans residues 2–461 (UniProt); Regulation: High in lymphoid and marrow cells (HPA tissue IHC). Evidence: UniProt P31146, HPA tissue IHC · Enhanced, HPA ICC-IF · cytosol., Datasheet A04245-2, PMC10418749, PMC13293819. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/CORO1A/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.