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DCK / Deoxycytidine kinase · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for DCK
Plan DCK chromogenic IHC in paraffin sections with the IHC-validated antibody at 2–5 μg/ml (datasheet A01655-1). This guide covers nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in immune-cell subsets and high staining in tonsil germinal center cells (HPA tissue IHC).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
DCK Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Nuclear and cytoplasmic in immune-cell subsets (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Some immune cells show nuclear and cytoplasmic staining (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A01655-1) | |
| Positive control | Appendix+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Adipose tissue+4 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation consistent across paraffin sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Presumed off-target staining was observed and disregarded (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | RNA expression is enhanced in lymphoid tissue (HPA tissue RNA) | |
| Isoform / epitope | No annotated isoforms; one 1–260 chain (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended DCK IHC & IF Protocols
Compare the catalog antibody’s IHC-P protocol with four published DCK IHC protocols in paraffin sections (datasheet A01655-1; PMC4998873; PMC7271117; PMC4819809; PMC3669607).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human breast cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A01655-1) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A01655-1); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A01655-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A01655-1) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-DCK, 2-5μg/ml (datasheet A01655-1) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A01655-1) |
| Detection | HRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet A01655-1) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | DCK-positive staining in lymphoid tissue of appendix (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Nuclear and cytoplasmic expression in a subset of immune cells. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with heat-mediated EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval for the catalog antibody (datasheet A01655-1); use each article’s stated retrieval when reproducing its protocol.
Section 2
What Is the Expected DCK Staining Pattern?
DCK should stain the nucleus and cytoplasm of a subset of immune cells in tissue sections (HPA tissue IHC); its annotated location is nuclear, with no transmembrane segment (UniProt P27707). HPA rates the tissue staining profile Enhanced, while noting medium agreement with RNA expression and presumed off-target staining that was disregarded (HPA tissue IHC).
| Distinct nuclear staining, sometimes accompanied by cytoplasmic staining, in selected immune cells; germinal center cells stain strongly. | This fits the reported subset-specific tissue pattern (HPA tissue IHC). Germinal center cells in lymph node and tonsil are rated High; lymphoid tissue in appendix is also High (HPA tissue IHC). Assess the named cell population rather than treating every cell in a positive tissue as positive. |
| Predominantly membrane-rim, extracellular, or vessel-lumen color, without a convincing immune-cell nuclear pattern. | Treat this as a questionable compartment pattern: DCK is annotated in the nucleus and has no transmembrane segment (UniProt P27707), while tissue IHC reports nuclear and cytoplasmic staining (HPA tissue IHC). Recheck morphology and detection controls before assigning the color to DCK (standard IHC practice). |
| Strong color in cells outside the reported immune-cell subset, especially where a listed cell population is undetected. | Consider off-target antibody binding or endogenous chromogenic detection activity (standard IHC practice). HPA explicitly notes presumed off-target staining in its tissue assessment (HPA tissue IHC). For example, adipocytes in adipose tissue and respiratory epithelial cells in bronchus are Not detected; those labels do not classify every cell in either tissue (HPA tissue IHC). |
| Diffuse color across the section, including spaces between cells, with poorly defined nuclei. | A field-wide haze is difficult to score as the reported cell-specific pattern (HPA tissue IHC). In chromogenic IHC, incomplete blocking, insufficient washing, or detection-reagent activity can produce background (standard IHC practice). Compare a matched negative control and examine whether the color follows recognizable cells. |
| No convincing signal in germinal center cells of lymph node or tonsil, while the control section also appears blank. | These cells are reported High and make useful positive reference populations (HPA tissue IHC). A blank reference suggests checking the staining run before calling the test tissue negative (standard IHC practice). Bone marrow hematopoietic cells and spleen white-pulp cells are only Medium references (HPA tissue IHC). |
💡Expected DCK appearanceCall a result positive when identifiable immune-cell subsets show nuclear staining, with possible cytoplasmic staining, especially High staining in lymph node or tonsil germinal center cells (HPA tissue IHC); widespread noncellular color or membrane-only color is a questionable positive (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt P27707 topology).
| Which tissue and cell population is scored? | Expected intensity varies by annotated population: appendix lymphoid tissue and lymph node or tonsil germinal center cells are High, whereas bone marrow hematopoietic cells and spleen white-pulp cells are Medium (HPA tissue IHC). Compare like cell populations when judging a weak result. |
| What does antibody validation support? | The tissue profile is rated Enhanced, but HPA reports medium agreement with RNA and disregarded presumed off-target staining (HPA tissue IHC). Antibody HPA062773 has Enhanced IHC validation; HPA059609 has Supported ICC validation and no IHC status listed (HPA antibodies). Validation does not make unexpected staining automatically specific. |
| Does DCK processing suggest a second compartment? | The annotated protein is one 1–260 chain, with no signal peptide, propeptide, or transmembrane segment (UniProt P27707). These annotations give no basis for expecting a secreted or membrane-bound DCK staining pattern; assess such color against cellular morphology and controls. |
| Can retrieval conditions explain an unexpectedly weak section? | Antigen retrieval is a routine variable in paraffin-section IHC (standard IHC practice). No target-specific fixation or retrieval sensitivity is supplied for DCK, so adjust a retrieval condition only against a positive reference and controls; do not infer a DCK-specific masking effect from the HPA tissue intensities. |
| IF/ICC: where should DCK appear? | HPA reports supported nucleoplasmic localization in ICC-IF (HPA subcellular). That observation helps interpret fluorescent localization, while the tissue IHC profile permits nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in an immune-cell subset (HPA tissue IHC). IF/ICC experimental conditions belong in its separate guide. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| The positive reference is blank or much weaker than expected. | The run may have a primary-antibody, retrieval, or chromogenic detection problem (standard IHC practice); germinal center cells are reported High references (HPA tissue IHC). | Confirm that the reference contains germinal centers, then check antibody application, retrieval settings, detection reagents, and counterstain visibility against run controls (standard IHC practice). Do not interpret a blank test section until the reference works. |
| A negative control develops color similar to the test section. | Nonspecific secondary-reagent binding or endogenous detection activity can mimic antibody signal in chromogenic IHC (standard IHC practice). | Inspect the omission or matched negative control, review blocking and detection steps, and reassess only the cell-associated pattern that remains distinguishable from control color (standard IHC practice). HPA's off-target caveat also warrants caution (HPA tissue IHC). |
| Most cells stain uniformly, including cells outside the reported immune-cell subset. | Excess background or cross-reactivity is plausible when staining loses the reported cell selectivity (standard IHC practice; HPA tissue IHC). | Compare cell morphology and a negative control; review antibody concentration and washes as general IHC variables (standard IHC practice). Use HPA's named cell populations as references, and avoid calling an entire tissue positive or negative from one cell type (HPA tissue IHC). |
| Color is concentrated on cell borders, extracellular material, or luminal surfaces. | That distribution conflicts with the nuclear annotation and lack of a transmembrane segment (UniProt P27707), and with the reported nuclear and cytoplasmic immune-cell pattern (HPA tissue IHC). | Check the counterstain, tissue boundaries, and negative control for deposits or detection background; score DCK only where a convincing cellular pattern is present (standard IHC practice). |
| Bone marrow or spleen looks weaker than lymph node or tonsil. | This difference can match HPA's ratings: marrow hematopoietic cells and spleen white-pulp cells are Medium; lymph node and tonsil germinal center cells are High (HPA tissue IHC). | Score the specified cell populations and compare sections within each tissue context (HPA tissue IHC). Investigate a technical failure if an appropriate high-staining reference also loses its expected signal (standard IHC practice). |
| Fluorescent ICC shows little nucleoplasmic signal despite apparent tissue IHC positivity. | HPA's supported ICC-IF localization is nucleoplasmic, whereas its tissue IHC summary includes nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in selected immune cells (HPA subcellular; HPA tissue IHC). The assays and sampled cells may differ. | Check the ICC-IF positive reference and imaging controls using the separate IF/ICC guide (standard IF practice). Do not use an IHC tissue rating alone to predict fluorescent intensity in an unspecified cell population (HPA tissue IHC). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing DCK staining
A01655-1 · IHCIHC analysis of DCK using anti-DCK antibody (A01655-1). DCK was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human breast cancer tissue. Heat
A01655-1 · IHCIHC analysis of DCK using anti-DCK antibody (A01655-1). DCK was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human ovary cancer tissue. Heat m
M01655 · IHCIHC analysis of DCK using anti-DCK antibody (M01655). DCK was detected in paraffin-embedded section of human tonsil cancer tissue. Heat medi
M01655 · IFIF analysis of DCK using anti-DCK antibody (M01655). DCK was detected in immunocytochemical section of U2OS cell. Enzyme antigen retrieval w
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000156136-DCK/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_17447355
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000156136-DCK/tissue/colon#imid_17447281
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000156136-DCK/tissue/liver#imid_17447266
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000156136-DCK/tissue/kidney#imid_17447283
HPA · ICC-IF MCF-7Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, MCF-7, antibody HPA059609; green = DCK, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF MCF-7Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, MCF-7, antibody HPA059609; green = DCK, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for DCK IHC & IF
🧪Run lymph node first: germinal center cells should stain (HPA: High in lymph node germinal center cells). Use adipose tissue as the negative comparator (HPA: adipocytes Not detected); on the lymph node slide, assess morphologically identified cells outside germinal centers for absent signal without assuming every such cell is DCK-negative (HPA: High is assigned to germinal center cells).
Positive control tissue: Appendix (Lymphoid tissue, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show DCK in MCF-7, U2OS, with annotated localisation: Nucleoplasm (supported) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include no-primary (secondary-only) and rabbit IgG isotype controls matched to the catalog antibody’s clonality (caption: rabbit anti-DCK antibody), plus DCK-knockout material or cognate-peptide competition where available. Quench endogenous peroxidase and check for background in the lymph node section before scoring DAB staining (HPA: lymph node germinal center cells High; caption: HRP/DAB detection).
⚠️Feasibility: No target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is reported, and the selected-SKU paraffin-section caption leaves the fixative unreported (caption: fixative not stated). Heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 is a documented IHC starting condition, but its necessity has not been established (caption: EDTA retrieval). No matched evidence shows that frozen sections or IF/ICC are easier; in densely packed germinal centers, score nuclear signal against cell morphology and background controls (HPA: germinal center cells High; UniProt P27707: nucleus; HPA subcellular: nucleoplasm supported).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for DCK
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Enhanced — Medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data. Presumed off target binding observed and disregarded. Antibody staining in cells/structures not annotated, view images.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appendix | Lymphoid tissue | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Lymph node | Germinal center cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Tonsil | Germinal center cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bone marrow | Hematopoietic cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Spleen | Cells in white pulp | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Adrenal gland | Glandular cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Breast | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bronchus | Respiratory epithelial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Caudate | Glial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced DCK IHC Tips
Troubleshoot DCK staining in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, cell identity, compartment, controls, and scoring before interpreting chromogenic signal.
What retrieval should I start with when DCK staining is weak?
Start with heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for paraffin sections (datasheet A01655-1). That is the retrieval used for the selected DCK tissue image, followed by 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C (datasheet A01655-1). If staining is weak, check that sections were fully deparaffinised and compare retrieval duration across matched sections while keeping antibody incubation and DAB development constant (standard IHC practice). Use lymphoid tissue with germinal center cells as a positive comparator, and judge improvement by nuclear signal and cell distribution rather than stronger overall brown colour (HPA: high staining in germinal center cells; UniProt P27707: nuclear localisation).
Could fixation explain inconsistent DCK staining between paraffin blocks?
Target-specific fixation sensitivity is unknown: the selected paraffin-section caption does not state a fixative, and the supplied evidence does not establish how fixation changes DCK detection (datasheet A01655-1). Record each block’s fixative and processing history, then compare sections processed with the same EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and staining run (datasheet A01655-1; standard IHC practice). Include a positive lymphoid comparator to distinguish a poorly staining run from a poorly staining block (HPA: high staining in appendix lymphoid tissue). If a block remains weak, test retrieval conditions on matched sections; do not assign the difference to DCK’s localisation or phosphorylation without direct evidence (UniProt P27707: nuclear localisation and annotated phosphosites).
Should I count cytoplasmic DCK staining as a positive result?
Expect a nuclear component because DCK is annotated as nuclear and supported in the nucleoplasm by subcellular imaging (UniProt P27707: nucleus; HPA subcellular: nucleoplasm). Tissue IHC also reports nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in a subset of immune cells, so cytoplasmic signal deserves assessment alongside cell identity and controls (HPA tissue IHC: immune-cell profile). Examine a hematoxylin counterstain and score nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments separately in the same section (standard IHC practice). Cytoplasm-only staining across unrelated cells warrants a repeat with matched DAB development and a primary-antibody omission control before being assigned to DCK (HPA tissue IHC: presumed off-target binding; standard IHC practice).
How should I investigate an unexpected DCK staining pattern without an epitope map?
The supplied record lists one DCK chain spanning residues 1–260, no annotated isoforms, and no transmembrane segment (UniProt P27707: processing, isoforms, topology). Four modified residues are annotated, including phosphorylation at positions 11, 15, 72, and 74, but the selected antibody’s epitope is unspecified (UniProt P27707: modified residues; datasheet A01655-1: epitope not supplied). Therefore, an unusual stain cannot be attributed to a particular isoform or phosphosite from these data alone. Compare staining across matched retrieval conditions and use an independently validated DCK antibody with a known, distinct epitope if available (standard IHC practice).
How can I check DCK localisation by multiplex IF after tissue IHC?
Treat IF as a separate assay and first establish its staining conditions; the selected antibody evidence describes paraffin-section chromogenic IHC (datasheet A01655-1). Multiplex DCK with a validated marker for the expected immune-cell population, using high-staining germinal center cells as a tissue-based reference (HPA tissue IHC: high staining in germinal center cells; standard IF practice). Choose spectrally separated fluorophores after checking tissue autofluorescence, and compare single-label controls before interpreting overlap (standard IF practice). For intracellular DCK, optimise permeabilisation to expose nuclear antigen while preserving cell boundaries; DCK has no annotated transmembrane segment and has supported nucleoplasmic localisation (UniProt P27707: topology; HPA subcellular: nucleoplasm).
What should I check when brown staining obscures DCK-positive cells?
Compare tissue stained without primary antibody to the full stain to identify detection-related background, and inspect unstained tissue pigment before interpreting DAB (standard IHC practice). The selected image used 10% goat serum blocking, a peroxidase-conjugated secondary, and DAB detection; these settings provide a starting comparison for this antibody (datasheet A01655-1). Include a peroxidase block and keep DAB development consistent across sections because endogenous enzyme activity and overdevelopment can obscure cellular staining (standard IHC practice). If diffuse colour persists, titrate primary antibody around the documented 2 μg/ml condition while checking whether expected lymphoid-cell staining remains distinguishable (datasheet A01655-1; HPA: high staining in lymphoid tissue).
How should I score DCK across sections with different immune-cell content? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and compartment before scoring, since tissue IHC describes DCK in a subset of immune cells with nuclear and cytoplasmic expression (HPA tissue IHC: immune-cell profile). For a defined population, report the percentage of positive cells and an H-score based on staining intensity; retain nuclear and cytoplasmic scores separately (standard IHC practice). Where infiltration varies, report positive-cell density per mm² of viable tissue and normalise positive immune cells to all evaluable cells of the same type (standard IHC practice). Use matched retrieval and DAB development across slides, and exclude folds, necrosis, and tissue edges from the scoring area (standard IHC practice).
How can I distinguish convincing DCK staining from artefact?
A convincing result combines appropriate cell identity with a nuclear component: DCK is nuclear in the protein record, while tissue IHC reports staining in a subset of immune cells (UniProt P27707: nucleus; HPA tissue IHC: immune-cell profile). High staining in germinal center cells provides a positive reference, whereas adipocytes are listed as not detected in the supplied tissue survey (HPA: lymph node and tonsil germinal center cells high; breast adipocytes not detected). Question isolated staining at section edges, within necrosis, or throughout unrelated cells, and compare primary-antibody omission and peroxidase-block controls (standard IHC practice). Interpret discordance cautiously because the tissue survey notes presumed off-target binding and only medium consistency with RNA expression (HPA tissue IHC: reliability description).
Boster reagents
Best DCK / Deoxycytidine kinase IHC Antibodies
Two anti-DCK antibodies have IHC images from human paraffin sections; one also has a mouse liver IHC image and a human U2OS IF/ICC image (catalog image captions).
Real IHC data
Anti-DCK Antibody ®
Cat # A01655-1
Real IHC data
Anti-DCK Antibody ® (monoclonal, 3G10)
Cat # M01655
A01655-1 has IHC images from human breast cancer, ovary cancer and tonsil paraffin sections, plus mouse liver paraffin sections (A01655-1 IHC captions). M01655 has an IHC image from a human tonsil cancer paraffin section and an IF/ICC image from U2OS cells (M01655 IHC and IF captions).
Which to pick: For human tissue IHC, both A01655-1 and M01655 have paraffin-section DAB images using EDTA pH 8 retrieval, with primary antibody concentrations of 2 μg/ml and 1 μg/ml, respectively (A01655-1 IHC caption; M01655 IHC caption). Choose M01655 for human IF/ICC: it is monoclonal clone 3G10, lists IF and ICC applications, and has a U2OS IF image at 2 μg/ml (M01655 catalog; M01655 IF caption). Choose A01655-1 for cross-species IHC because it lists human, mouse and rat reactivity, although its IHC images show human and mouse samples only; the fixative is unreported in both antibodies’ paraffin-section captions (A01655-1 catalog and IHC captions; M01655 IHC caption).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry P27707 (DCK_HUMAN, Deoxycytidine kinase).
- Human Protein Atlas. DCK tissue IHC expression (reliability: Enhanced).
- Human Protein Atlas. DCK subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to the nucleoplasm..
- Human Protein Atlas. DCK antibody validation summary (2 antibodies).
- dCK Expression and Gene Polymorphism With Gemcitabine Chemosensitivity in Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Strobe-Compliant Observational Study. Medicine 2016 — PMC4998873.
- Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 (hENT1) and ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M1 (RRM1) expression; do they have survival impact to pancreatic cancer?. Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery 2020 — PMC7271117.
- Prognostic effect of hENT1, dCK and HuR expression by morphological type in periampullary adenocarcinoma, including pancreatic cancer. Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) 2016 — PMC4819809.
- Prognostic predictive values of gemcitabine sensitivity-related gene products for unresectable or recurrent biliary tract cancer treated with gemcitabine alone. World journal of surgical oncology 2013 — PMC3669607.
- PubMed PMID:1996353 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:14702039 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:15489334 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for DCK (Deoxycytidine kinase). Expected localisation Nuclear and cytoplasmic in immune-cell subsets (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A01655-1). Validated IHC antibody: A01655-1 at 2-5μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Appendix (Lymphoid tissue); negative Adipose tissue. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human breast cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A01655-1); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A01655-1); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A01655-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A01655-1); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-DCK, 2-5μg/ml (datasheet A01655-1); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A01655-1). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation consistent across paraffin sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Presumed off-target staining was observed and disregarded (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: No annotated isoforms; one 1–260 chain (UniProt); Regulation: RNA expression is enhanced in lymphoid tissue (HPA tissue RNA). Evidence: UniProt P27707, HPA tissue IHC · Enhanced, HPA ICC-IF · nucleoplasm., Datasheet A01655-1, PMC4998873, PMC7271117. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/DCK/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.