This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website.
- Table of Contents
KHDRBS1 / KH domain-containing, RNA-binding, signal transduction-associated protein 1 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for KHDRBS1
Plan chromogenic IHC for KHDRBS1 in paraffin sections using 2–5 μg/ml of catalog antibody A01717-1 as a starting range (datasheet: A01717-1). Expect widespread nuclear staining (HPA tissue IHC) and compare signal with appropriate background controls (standard IHC practice).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
KHDRBS1 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Predominantly nuclear tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Nuclear staining across diverse tissue cell types (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A01717-1) | |
| Positive control | Adrenal gland+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | None in HPA (detected in all 45 tissues); use no-primary + isotype controls |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | No tissue-negative comparator reported (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Isoform 1 lower in brain, muscle, liver (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 3 isoforms; no processing; epitope coverage unknown (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended KHDRBS1 IHC & IF Protocols
Start with the catalog antibody’s EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval protocol (datasheet: A01717-1); the published IHC methods below provide tissue-specific conditions (PMC10277899; PMC7698510; PMC5626414).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human glioblastoma tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A01717-1) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A01717-1); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A01717-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A01717-1) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-KHDRBS1, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A01717-1) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A01717-1) |
| Detection | HRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet A01717-1) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | KHDRBS1-positive staining in glandular cells of adrenal gland (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Ubiquitous nuclear expression. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteTry EDTA pH 8.0 first for the catalog antibody (datasheet: A01717-1). The published methods used citrate retrieval (PMC10277899; PMC5626414) or pH 6 unmasking solution (PMC7698510).
Section 2
What Is the Expected KHDRBS1 Staining Pattern?
KHDRBS1 should appear predominantly in nuclei across many cell types: HPA describes ubiquitous nuclear tissue staining with Supported reliability and high consistency with RNA expression (HPA tissue IHC). UniProt also places KHDRBS1 partly in cytoplasm and at membranes, although it has no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q07666). Use the nuclear pattern as the primary IHC-P interpretation (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q07666).
| Clear nuclear chromogen in glandular cells, respiratory epithelium, neurons, granular-layer cells, or endothelium. | This fits the reported pattern when the corresponding tissue is present: HPA rates staining High in adrenal gland, appendix, breast and cervix glandular cells; bronchus respiratory epithelial cells; caudate neurons; cerebellar granular-layer cells; and cerebral-cortex endothelial cells (HPA tissue IHC). Compare nuclei with neighboring tissue structures before scoring intensity. |
| Strong cytoplasmic or membrane staining with little nuclear signal. | This conflicts with the predominant nuclear pattern (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q07666). Some cytoplasmic localisation is reported, so cytoplasmic signal alone is not proof of an artefact (UniProt Q07666). Reassess compartment boundaries and controls; a membrane-only pattern needs independent validation because KHDRBS1 has no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q07666). |
| Signal is concentrated in an unexpected cell population while expected nuclei remain weak. | Consider cross-reactivity or endogenous chromogenic activity, particularly if the staining ignores nuclear boundaries (general IHC practice). HPA reports low tissue specificity and supplies no negative tissue list here, so an unlisted cell type cannot be declared KHDRBS1-negative from this record (HPA tissue IHC). Check morphology and detection controls before assigning specificity. |
| Diffuse chromogen obscures nuclei or spreads across the section. | The reported nuclear pattern cannot be scored reliably under diffuse background (HPA tissue IHC). Excess primary or detection reagent, inadequate blocking, or incomplete washing can produce background in IHC (general IHC practice). A diffuse deposit does not establish cytoplasmic KHDRBS1, even though partial cytoplasmic localisation is reported (UniProt Q07666). |
| No nuclear signal in a section expected to stain strongly. | High staining is reported in the specified cells of the listed tissues, but the result depends on those cells being represented in the section (HPA tissue IHC). First verify tissue identity and preservation of recognizable nuclei; then check the IHC-P workflow and detection controls (general IHC practice). A single blank section does not establish biological absence. |
💡Expected KHDRBS1 appearanceCall the result positive when recognizable nuclei in the relevant cells show clear, predominantly nuclear chromogen, consistent with HPA's High staining examples; broad diffuse colour or membrane-only staining is suspect and needs controls (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q07666; general IHC practice).
| Tissue and cell context | HPA calls KHDRBS1 ubiquitous and RNA expression low in tissue specificity, yet its supplied High examples name particular cells within each tissue (HPA tissue IHC). Score the cells actually present; do not treat unlisted tissues or cell populations as negative controls. |
| Compartment and topology | The nucleus is the main expectation; partial cytoplasmic localisation is possible (UniProt Q07666; HPA tissue IHC). UniProt lists membrane localisation but no transmembrane segment, so a crisp membrane-only IHC pattern should be checked rather than accepted from topology alone (UniProt Q07666). |
| Isoforms and epitope coverage | UniProt lists 3 isoforms and reports lower isoform 1 expression in brain, skeletal muscle and liver, with intensified isoform 3 in skeletal muscle and liver (UniProt Q07666). Antibody epitope and isoform coverage are not supplied; these facts cannot predict this assay's staining intensity. |
| Antibody evidence | HPA lists IHC Supported status for HPA051280, HPA056813 and CAB005355; its tissue profile is also Supported (HPA antibodies; HPA tissue IHC). Those ratings support the reported pattern but do not establish specificity for an unspecified catalog antibody or every staining condition. |
| IF/ICC Q&A: where should fluorescence appear? | Primarily in the nucleoplasm: HPA calls it the enhanced main location in ICC-IF images (HPA subcellular ICC-IF). This is a localisation comparison for the separate IF/ICC guide, not an IHC-P fluorescence protocol or proof that every IHC antibody performs in IF. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Expected positive tissue is blank. | The expected High cell population may be absent from the section (HPA tissue IHC), or an IHC detection step may have failed (general IHC practice). | Locate the HPA-listed cell population on a matched section; verify a working positive control and the chromogenic detection sequence before interpreting absence (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| Nuclei are weak while the section is generally stained. | Weak nuclear contrast limits comparison with HPA's ubiquitous nuclear profile (HPA tissue IHC). Retrieval, primary dilution, incubation, and counterstain balance can affect ordinary IHC readability (general IHC practice); KHDRBS1-specific fixation sensitivity is unreported here. | Review the catalog antibody's IHC-P instructions and optimize one general workflow variable at a time with a positive control (general IHC practice). Do not infer a KHDRBS1-specific retrieval requirement from HPA or UniProt. |
| Cytoplasm dominates and nuclear staining is missing. | Partial cytoplasmic localisation is reported, but a cytoplasm-dominant result departs from the main nuclear pattern (UniProt Q07666; HPA tissue IHC). | Confirm nuclear outlines and compare with the expected positive control. If the pattern persists, seek antibody-specific validation before scoring it as KHDRBS1 (general IHC practice). |
| Colour appears in cells or areas unrelated to the expected nuclear pattern. | Cross-reactivity or endogenous activity from the chosen chromogenic detection system may contribute (general IHC practice). HPA provides no negative cell or tissue list for this record (HPA tissue IHC). | Run an appropriate primary-omission detection control and the detection system's activity block where applicable; compare the remaining colour with cell morphology (general IHC practice). |
| A widespread haze hides nuclear boundaries. | Excess reagent, insufficient blocking, or inadequate washing can raise IHC background (general IHC practice). The haze cannot be assigned to KHDRBS1 localisation from appearance alone. | Check primary concentration against its IHC-P instructions, improve washing and blocking as needed, and confirm that nuclei become individually readable (general IHC practice). |
| Different listed tissues show different overall intensity. | HPA reports High staining in selected cells, not identical staining in every cell or section (HPA tissue IHC). UniProt reports tissue-dependent isoform expression, but assay epitope coverage is unknown (UniProt Q07666). | Compare like cell populations under the same staining and scoring conditions; record nuclear localisation separately from intensity (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing KHDRBS1 staining
A01717-1 · IHCIHC analysis of Sam68/KHDRBS1 using anti-Sam68/KHDRBS1 antibody (A01717-1). Sam68/KHDRBS1 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of hum
A01717-1 · IHCIHC analysis of Sam68/KHDRBS1 using anti-Sam68/KHDRBS1 antibody (A01717-1). Sam68/KHDRBS1 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of hum
A01717-1 · IFIF analysis of Sam68/KHDRBS1 using anti-Sam68/KHDRBS1 antibody (A01717-1) and anti-Beta Tubulin antibody (M01857-3). Sam68/KHDRBS1 was detec
M01717 · IHCM01717 staining KHDRBS1 in human colorectal carcinoma tissue sections by Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P -paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embed
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000121774-KHDRBS1/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_15798899
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000121774-KHDRBS1/tissue/colon#imid_15798833
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000121774-KHDRBS1/tissue/liver#imid_15798834
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000121774-KHDRBS1/tissue/kidney#imid_15798827
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA051280; green = KHDRBS1, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA051280; green = KHDRBS1, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for KHDRBS1 IHC & IF
🧪Run adrenal gland first: its glandular cells should stain (HPA: High in adrenal gland glandular cells). HPA detects KHDRBS1 in all 45 scored tissues, so there is no supported negative tissue; use no-primary and isotype controls, and treat any unstained cells within the positive section as background-level observations rather than validated internal negatives (HPA: no negative rows; detected in all 45 scored tissues).
Positive control tissue: Adrenal gland (Glandular cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: None in HPA: KHDRBS1 is detected in all 45 scored tissues. Use a no-primary (secondary-only) and an isotype control instead.
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show KHDRBS1 in A-431, U-251MG, U2OS, KOLF2.1J, U2OS, siRNA 1 (10x), U2OS, siRNA 1 (40x), U2OS, scrambled (10x), U2OS, scrambled (40x), NIH 3T3, with annotated localisation: Nucleoplasm (enhanced) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary, secondary-only slide and a concentration-matched rabbit IgG isotype control matched to the primary antibody’s clonality (caption: rabbit primary; standard IHC practice). A KHDRBS1 knockout specimen or validated peptide-block control can test target specificity, and endogenous peroxidase should be quenched before HRP/DAB detection (standard IHC practice; caption: HRP/DAB detection).
⚠️Feasibility: No target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is reported, and the selected A01717-1 paraffin-section caption does not state a fixative (caption: fixative unreported). Heat retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 was used for the selected antibody, but whether retrieval is required has not been established by the supplied evidence (caption: heat retrieval in EDTA, pH 8.0). Frozen sections cannot be judged easier from these data; ICC-IF images show enhanced nucleoplasmic localization, while the supplied evidence identifies no tissue-specific artefact (HPA: nucleoplasm enhanced; supplied tissue-IHC caption).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for KHDRBS1
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Supported — High consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adrenal gland | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Appendix | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Breast | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bronchus | Respiratory epithelial cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Caudate | Neuronal cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| None in HPA: KHDRBS1 is detected in all 45 scored tissues. Use a no-primary (secondary-only) and an isotype control instead. | ||||
Section 3
Advanced KHDRBS1 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot KHDRBS1 staining in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, nuclear localisation, controls and cell-specific scoring (datasheet A01717-1; HPA tissue IHC).
What retrieval conditions should I try first for KHDRBS1 in paraffin sections?
Start with heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for KHDRBS1 paraffin-section IHC (datasheet A01717-1). The documented image used this retrieval before an overnight incubation at 4°C with 2 μg/ml antibody; its fixative was unreported (datasheet A01717-1). If nuclear staining remains weak, compare a small retrieval time series while keeping section handling, antibody concentration and DAB development constant (standard IHC practice; HPA: ubiquitous nuclear expression). Examine tissue integrity and nuclear contrast after each condition, because excessive heating can compromise morphology and make compartment assignment unreliable (standard IHC practice).
Could fixation explain weak or uneven KHDRBS1 staining?
Target-specific sensitivity of KHDRBS1 to fixation is unknown from the supplied evidence; the paraffin-section caption does not identify its fixative (datasheet A01717-1). Record each specimen’s fixative, fixation duration and processing history before comparing nuclear signal across blocks (standard IHC practice; HPA: ubiquitous nuclear expression). Use a documented positive control section in the same run, and keep retrieval at EDTA pH 8.0 when investigating a fixation-associated difference (datasheet A01717-1; standard IHC practice). If signal varies between blocks, assess morphology and processing alongside staining; the pattern alone cannot establish a KHDRBS1-specific fixation effect (standard IHC practice).
How should I assess cytoplasmic staining when KHDRBS1 is expected in nuclei?
Treat nuclear staining as the principal IHC readout: tissue IHC reports ubiquitous nuclear expression, and subcellular imaging places KHDRBS1 in the nucleoplasm (HPA tissue IHC; HPA subcellular). Cytoplasmic staining can be biologically plausible because KHDRBS1 is predominantly nuclear but partially cytoplasmic (UniProt Q07666 subcellular). Compare cytoplasmic signal with nuclear signal in the same intact cells, using a counterstain to define boundaries and reviewing serial sections if needed (standard IHC practice). If diffuse cytoplasmic colour overwhelms nuclei, check the no-primary control and DAB development before assigning a distribution change (standard IHC practice).
Can isoforms or epitope accessibility change the KHDRBS1 IHC pattern?
KHDRBS1 has 3 reported isoforms and a KH domain at residues 171–197, so an antibody’s epitope matters when interpreting isoform coverage (UniProt Q07666 isoforms and domains). The supplied caption does not identify the A01717-1 epitope or establish which isoforms it detects (datasheet A01717-1). Check epitope documentation before calling a weakly stained population isoform-negative, and compare sections under the documented EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval condition (standard IHC practice; datasheet A01717-1). KHDRBS1 also has reported modified residues; their effect on this antibody’s binding has not been established by the supplied evidence (UniProt Q07666 modified residues; datasheet A01717-1).
How should I investigate KHDRBS1 localisation with a companion IF experiment?
Use the IF experiment to compare KHDRBS1 with a marker for the cell population being evaluated by IHC, while recording the antibody and marker channels separately (standard IF practice; HPA tissue IHC). Expect predominantly nucleoplasmic signal, with some cytoplasmic signal possible; KHDRBS1 has no transmembrane segment, so intracellular epitope access requires permeabilisation after fixation (HPA subcellular; UniProt Q07666 subcellular and topology; standard IF practice). Select fluorophores after inspecting unstained tissue for autofluorescence, and include single-stain controls to assess channel bleed-through (standard IF practice). Establish IF fixation and permeabilisation empirically; the A01717-1 paraffin-section caption reports neither an IF protocol nor a fixative (datasheet A01717-1).
What should I check when DAB obscures nuclear KHDRBS1 staining?
Run a no-primary control to identify detection-related colour, and include a peroxidase-blocking step before HRP and DAB development (standard chromogenic IHC practice). The documented A01717-1 section used 10% goat serum blocking, 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C, and an HRP-based DAB readout (datasheet A01717-1). Compare background in intact tissue, necrotic regions and section edges before changing antibody concentration or development time (standard IHC practice). Preserve a visible nuclear counterstain during optimisation, since the expected tissue pattern is nuclear and diffuse DAB can obscure that assessment (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice).
How should I score KHDRBS1 staining across different tissue regions? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and compartment before scoring, because the supported tissue profile is ubiquitous nuclear expression (HPA tissue IHC). Report either nuclear H-score on its 0–300 scale or the percentage of evaluable cells with nuclear staining, using the same intensity thresholds across slides (standard IHC scoring practice). Normalise cell counts to evaluable cells within each annotated region; for spatial counts, report positive nuclei per mm² of viable tissue (standard histology quantification practice). Keep cytoplasmic scores separate, and document batch, counterstain quality and excluded necrotic areas so technical variation does not masquerade as a distribution change (UniProt Q07666 subcellular; standard IHC practice).
When is an unusual KHDRBS1 staining pattern credible?
A credible positive pattern should include signal in intact nuclei: tissue IHC reports ubiquitous nuclear expression, and cell imaging identifies the nucleoplasm (HPA tissue IHC; HPA subcellular). Review the cell identity and surrounding morphology before interpreting a restricted pattern; KHDRBS1 is reported across examined tissues, with high staining in listed cell populations (UniProt Q07666 tissue specificity; HPA tissue IHC). Treat edge-enriched colour, necrotic deposits and signal reproduced in a no-primary control as possible artefacts, including endogenous peroxidase activity (standard chromogenic IHC practice). Recheck unusual cytoplasmic or membrane-adjacent colour against nuclear signal and controls; partial cytoplasmic localisation is reported, but KHDRBS1 lacks a transmembrane segment (UniProt Q07666 subcellular and topology; standard IHC practice).
Boster reagents
Best KHDRBS1 / KH domain-containing, RNA-binding, signal transduction-associated protein 1 IHC Antibodies
KHDRBS1 IHC images cover human glioblastoma and colorectal carcinoma paraffin sections (catalog IHC captions). IF/ICC images cover A549 cells, human intestinal cancer sections, and mouse and rat brain sections (A01717-1 IF captions).
Real IHC data
Anti-Sam68/KHDRBS1 Antibody ®
Cat # A01717-1
Real IHC data
Anti-KHDRBS1 Antibody (Center)
Cat # M01717
A01717-1 will render with its human glioblastoma paraffin-section IHC image; its catalog also lists IF/ICC and Human, Mouse, and Rat reactivity (A01717-1 IHC caption; catalog applications and reactivity). M01717 will render with its formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded human colorectal carcinoma IHC image; its catalog lists IHC-P and Human and Mouse reactivity (M01717 IHC caption; catalog applications and reactivity).
Which to pick: For tissue IHC, choose M01717 when its paraffin-section paraffin preparation and citrate pH 6 retrieval match your sections; A01717-1 documents EDTA pH 8 retrieval in paraffin sections, but its IHC caption does not report a fixative (M01717 IHC caption; A01717-1 IHC caption). For IF/ICC, choose A01717-1: its catalog lists both applications and provides cell and tissue IF images, while M01717 lists IHC-P without IF/ICC (A01717-1 catalog applications and IF captions; M01717 catalog applications). For work across species, A01717-1 lists Human, Mouse, and Rat reactivity and shows mouse and rat brain IF; its IHC image documents human tissue (A01717-1 catalog reactivity, IF captions, and IHC caption). The selected A01717-1 tissue-IHC caption documents paraffin sections, but does not specify the fixative (selected-SKU IHC image A01717-1).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q07666 (KHDR1_HUMAN, KH domain-containing, RNA-binding, signal transduction-associated protein 1).
- Human Protein Atlas. KHDRBS1 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Supported).
- Human Protein Atlas. KHDRBS1 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to the nucleoplasm..
- Human Protein Atlas. KHDRBS1 antibody validation summary (3 antibodies).
- KHDRBS1 as a novel prognostic signaling biomarker influencing hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, migration, immune microenvironment, and drug sensitivity. Frontiers in immunology 2024 — PMC11041018.
- A positive feedback circuit between RN7SK snRNA and m(6)A readers is essential for tumorigenesis. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 2023 — PMC10277899.
- Leptin, Leptin Receptor, KHDRBS1 (KH RNA Binding Domain Containing, Signal Transduction Associated 1), and Adiponectin in Bone Metastasis from Breast Carcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Study. Biomedicines 2020 — PMC7698510.
- High expression of Sam68 in sacral chordomas is associated with worse clinical outcomes. OncoTargets and therapy 2017 — PMC5626414.
- PubMed PMID:1374686 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:9013542 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:14702039 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for KHDRBS1 (KH domain-containing, RNA-binding, signal transduction-associated protein 1). Expected localisation Predominantly nuclear tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A01717-1). Validated IHC antibody: A01717-1 at 2-5 μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Adrenal gland (Glandular cells); negative None in HPA (detected in all 45 tissues); use no-primary + isotype controls. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human glioblastoma tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A01717-1); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A01717-1); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A01717-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A01717-1); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-KHDRBS1, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A01717-1); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A01717-1). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: No tissue-negative comparator reported (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: 3 isoforms; no processing; epitope coverage unknown (UniProt); Regulation: Isoform 1 lower in brain, muscle, liver (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt Q07666, HPA tissue IHC · Supported, HPA ICC-IF · nucleoplasm., Datasheet A01717-1, PMC10277899, PMC7698510. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/KHDRBS1/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.