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LSR / Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for LSR
Plan chromogenic IHC for LSR in paraffin sections using the catalog antibody’s validated conditions. Compare staining in colon or stomach glands with the reported cytoplasmic and nuclear tissue profile, while assessing junctional localisation separately.
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
LSR Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Cytoplasmic and nuclear tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC); tricellular junction localisation (UniProt) | |
| Staining pattern | Strong glandular staining in colon and stomach; cytoplasmic and nuclear profile (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A02742-1) | |
| Positive control | Colon+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Adipose tissue+4 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Antibody staining has medium concordance with RNA expression (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Tissue-enhanced RNA expression in liver (HPA tissue RNA) | |
| Isoform / epitope | Six isoforms; check whether the epitope is extracellular or cytoplasmic (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended LSR IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody’s IHC-P protocol is paired with one published LSR protocol for human paraffin sections (PMC5053684).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded mouse colon tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A02742-1) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A02742-1); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A02742-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A02742-1) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-LSR, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A02742-1) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A02742-1) |
| Detection | Streptavidin-biotin complex (SABC), DAB chromogen (datasheet A02742-1) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | LSR-positive staining in glandular cells of colon (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression in several tissues. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with heat-mediated EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval for the catalog antibody (datasheet A02742-1); the published protocol used autoclave retrieval with ER2 solution (PMC5053684).
Section 2
What Is the Expected LSR Staining Pattern?
LSR is a single-pass membrane protein with an extracellular region and a cytoplasmic tail; UniProt places it at tricellular tight-junction contacts (UniProt Q86X29 topology and subcellular location). In tissue IHC, expect the strongest reported staining in colon and stomach glandular cells (HPA: High). HPA also describes cytoplasmic and nuclear staining across several tissues, with Approved reliability and medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression (HPA tissue IHC).
| Strong staining in colon or stomach glandular cells, with junctional or membrane accentuation. | This combines HPA's High glandular-cell IHC signal with the location predicted for LSR at cell contacts (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q86X29 subcellular location). Record membrane or junctional accentuation separately from total chromogenic intensity; HPA's tissue summary also reports cytoplasmic and nuclear staining (HPA tissue IHC). |
| Cytoplasmic or nuclear staining without a clear junctional outline. | These compartments occur in HPA's tissue IHC profile, so compartment alone cannot classify the stain as an artefact (HPA tissue IHC). If signal is exclusively diffuse or obscures cell boundaries, compare its distribution with the positive tissue and controls before assigning it to LSR (UniProt Q86X29 subcellular location; general IHC practice). |
| Prominent staining in adipocytes, fibroblasts or smooth muscle cells. | HPA reports LSR as not detected in those respective cell populations (HPA tissue IHC). Treat strong staining there as discordant with the reference pattern; cross-reactivity or endogenous chromogen activity is possible, but the slide alone cannot identify its cause (general IHC practice). |
| Even brown haze over cells and surrounding tissue. | A field-wide haze lacks the cell-type distribution needed to interpret the reported glandular-cell signal (HPA tissue IHC). Assess background on the same run's negative control before scoring intensity; incomplete blocking, detection background or excessive chromogen development are general IHC possibilities, not established LSR-specific effects (general IHC practice). |
| No detectable signal in colon or stomach glandular cells. | This conflicts with the reported High IHC staining in those cells (HPA tissue IHC). Check tissue preservation, retrieval, primary-antibody application and detection controls before calling the specimen LSR-negative; HPA's Approved tissue profile has medium antibody–RNA consistency, so it is a reference rather than a guarantee for every section (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
💡Expected LSR appearanceA convincing positive IHC result is strong glandular-cell staining in colon or stomach, ideally with membrane or junctional accentuation (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q86X29 subcellular location); broad background or strong staining in HPA-negative cell populations is suspect (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice).
| Epitope position | LSR residues 1–259 are extracellular and 281–649 are cytoplasmic, separated by a transmembrane segment at 260–280 (UniProt Q86X29 topology). The supplied evidence does not locate the antibody epitope, so topology cannot predict its retrieval requirement or the appearance of every IHC stain. |
| Isoform coverage | UniProt lists 6 LSR isoforms (UniProt Q86X29 isoforms). The supplied evidence does not map the catalog antibody's epitope across them; differing isoform recognition is a question to check against antibody documentation if staining is unexpected, not an established explanation for a particular tissue pattern. |
| Strength of tissue evidence | The HPA tissue IHC profile is Approved but has medium consistency with RNA expression (HPA tissue IHC). HPA reports High glandular-cell staining in colon and stomach, Medium staining in several other listed cell populations, and Not detected staining in specified negatives (HPA tissue IHC); use those categories as comparisons, not quantitative cutoffs. |
| Why might IF/ICC look more junctional than tissue IHC? | HPA describes enhanced plasma-membrane and cell-junction localization in ICC-IF, while its tissue IHC summary includes cytoplasmic and nuclear staining (HPA subcellular ICC-IF; HPA tissue IHC). The methods and specimens differ, so use IF/ICC as localization context for IHC interpretation, without requiring identical compartment patterns. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Colon or stomach control is blank. | These glandular cells are reported High by HPA; a blank run may reflect a workflow failure (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). | Verify tissue identity, primary-antibody application, retrieval and detection controls before interpreting test sections (general IHC practice). No LSR-specific retrieval condition is established by the supplied sources. |
| Only diffuse cytoplasmic stain appears. | Cytoplasmic staining is reported in tissue IHC, but diffuse signal alone does not establish specific localization (HPA tissue IHC). | Compare glandular cells with HPA-negative cell populations and the run's negative control; document whether boundaries show membrane accentuation (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q86X29 subcellular location; general IHC practice). |
| Nuclei dominate the chromogenic signal. | HPA reports nuclear tissue staining, whereas UniProt places LSR at the membrane and tight junctions (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q86X29 subcellular location). | Score nuclear and membrane patterns separately. Review controls before treating isolated nuclear intensity as proof of junctional LSR (general IHC practice). |
| Adipocytes or fibroblasts stain strongly. | HPA lists these cells as Not detected; nonspecific binding or detection background may contribute (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). | Check a negative control and assess whether signal follows tissue edges or spreads beyond cells before assigning it to LSR (general IHC practice). |
| Brown precipitate covers the section. | Widespread precipitate can obscure the HPA-reported cell-type pattern (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). | Inspect detection and counterstain controls, then adjust blocking or chromogen development according to the validated IHC workflow (general IHC practice). |
| Junctional staining is weak despite glandular-cell signal. | HPA tissue IHC includes cytoplasmic and nuclear staining, while junctional localization comes from UniProt and ICC-IF (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q86X29 subcellular location; HPA subcellular ICC-IF). | Report the compartments actually visible and compare like-for-like tissue controls; do not infer an LSR-specific fixation or retrieval defect from weak junctional contrast alone (general IHC practice). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing LSR staining
A02742-1 · IHCIHC analysis of LSR using anti-LSR antibody (A02742-1). LSR was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of mouse colon tissue. Heat mediated
A02742-1 · IHCIHC analysis of LSR using anti-LSR antibody (A02742-1). LSR was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of rat colon tissue. Heat mediated a
A02742-1 · IFIF analysis of LSR using anti-LSR antibody (A02742-1). LSR was detected in an immunocytochemical section of A431 cells. Enzyme antigen retri
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000105699-LSR/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_2077968
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000105699-LSR/tissue/colon#imid_2077894
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000105699-LSR/tissue/liver#imid_2077903
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000105699-LSR/tissue/kidney#imid_2077904
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA007270; green = LSR, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA007270; green = LSR, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for LSR IHC & IF
🧪Run colon first: glandular cells should stain for LSR (HPA: High in colon glandular cells). Use esophagus squamous epithelial cells as the tissue negative (HPA: Not detected); on the colon slide, nonglandular cells should provide a background comparison, although HPA does not assign them a negative score.
Positive control tissue: Colon (Glandular cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show LSR in A-431, CACO-2, OE19, RT-4, U2OS, with annotated localisation: Plasma membrane (enhanced), Cell Junctions (enhanced) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary, secondary-only control and a concentration-matched rabbit IgG isotype control appropriate to the primary antibody’s clonality (selected-SKU caption: rabbit anti-LSR; standard IHC practice). A validated LSR knockout specimen can test biological specificity (standard IHC practice); block endogenous peroxidase and assess endogenous biotin background in colon when using the caption’s biotin-based DAB detection (selected-SKU caption: SABC with DAB; standard IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is unreported, and the exact A02742-1 paraffin-section caption does not state a fixative (selected-SKU caption: fixative not stated). The reported colon IHC procedure uses heat retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0, but the evidence does not establish whether retrieval is essential (selected-SKU caption: heat-mediated EDTA retrieval). Whether frozen sections or IF/ICC are easier is unreported; for the reported colon IHC method, endogenous biotin may contribute background with SABC detection (selected-SKU caption: SABC with DAB; standard IHC practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for LSR
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Approved — Medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colon | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Stomach | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Caudate | Neuronal cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cerebral cortex | Endothelial cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Duodenum | Glandular cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Esophagus | Squamous epithelial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Smooth muscle | Smooth muscle cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Soft tissue | Fibroblasts | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Vagina | Squamous epithelial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced LSR IHC Tips
Troubleshoot LSR staining in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, compartment, cell type and controls before comparing signal intensity across samples.
How should I retrieve LSR antigen when paraffin sections stain weakly?
Start with heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for paraffin sections (datasheet A02742-1). The documented mouse colon example used that retrieval, followed by 10% goat serum block and 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C (datasheet A02742-1). If signal remains weak, compare retrieval heating and cooling conditions on adjacent sections while keeping antibody concentration and DAB development constant; excessive treatment can damage tissue morphology (standard IHC practice). Include a known positive glandular region in each run so a retrieval change can be judged against staining in the intended cells (HPA: High in colon glandular cells).
Could fixation explain weak or patchy LSR staining?
Target-specific fixation sensitivity is unknown: the selected paraffin-embedded mouse colon image does not state its fixative (datasheet A02742-1). Record the fixative and fixation duration for each specimen, then compare sections processed and stained together before assigning a weak result to fixation (standard IHC practice). Keep retrieval at EDTA pH 8.0 and the primary incubation at 2 μg/ml overnight at 4°C during that comparison (datasheet A02742-1). Assess tissue preservation and a positive glandular region alongside LSR signal, since patchy staining in damaged sections cannot establish a target-specific fixation effect (HPA: High in colon glandular cells; standard IHC practice).
What staining pattern should count as LSR in glandular epithelium?
Look for staining at cell borders, particularly tricellular contacts: LSR is assigned to the membrane and tight junctions at those contacts (UniProt Q86X29: subcellular location). The expected membrane-oriented interpretation is also supported by enhanced plasma membrane and cell-junction IF localisation (HPA: subcellular). In chromogenic sections, compare junctional staining with the distribution across glandular cells, which are reported High in colon and stomach (HPA: tissue IHC). Cytoplasmic or nuclear colour alone warrants caution because HPA also reports those patterns in several tissues, with only Medium consistency between staining and RNA expression (HPA: tissue IHC reliability and profile).
How can the unknown epitope affect interpretation of LSR staining?
LSR has 6 annotated isoforms and an extracellular region at residues 1–259, a transmembrane segment at 260–280, and a cytoplasmic region at 281–649 (UniProt Q86X29: isoforms and topology). Establish the catalog antibody’s immunogen or mapped epitope before claiming that its IHC signal represents every isoform (standard antibody validation practice). An epitope in a shared region could support broader detection, whereas an isoform-specific sequence would narrow what a positive section means (UniProt Q86X29: alternative splicing; standard antibody validation practice). If epitope information is unavailable, report the observed cell type and compartment without attributing differences between sections to particular isoforms or phosphorylation sites (UniProt Q86X29: modified residues).
How should I check an LSR IHC pattern using multiplex immunofluorescence?
On matched sections, pair LSR with a glandular epithelial marker such as pan-cytokeratin and inspect whether junctional signal lies within the expected cells (HPA: High in colon glandular cells; standard IF practice). Choose a far-red channel for a weak LSR signal when tissue autofluorescence is prominent, and include single-label and no-primary controls to assess bleed-through and background (standard IF practice). Set permeabilisation according to the antibody epitope: a cytoplasmic epitope requires membrane access, whereas an accessible extracellular epitope may not (UniProt Q86X29 topology; standard IF practice). Compare the IF pattern with chromogenic IHC while recognising that the documented 2 μg/ml overnight incubation belongs to the paraffin IHC example (datasheet A02742-1).
What should I change when DAB obscures LSR junctional staining?
First inspect a no-primary control and shorten DAB development if diffuse colour prevents cell borders from being resolved (standard chromogenic IHC practice). The documented workflow used a biotinylated secondary, streptavidin-biotin complex and DAB, so assess reagent-dependent background with appropriate controls (datasheet A02742-1; standard IHC practice). Apply an endogenous peroxidase block as a general DAB workflow step, and check whether secondary-only staining persists before changing the primary antibody (standard IHC practice). Keep the documented 10% goat serum block and 2 μg/ml primary condition as a reference while adjusting one background-control variable at a time (datasheet A02742-1).
How should I score LSR staining across paraffin sections? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the scored compartment before analysis, since LSR is localised to cell junctions and tricellular contacts (UniProt Q86X29: subcellular location). For glandular epithelium, record the percentage of positive eligible cells and intensity as an H-score, or measure junction-positive density per mm² of viable glandular area (HPA: High in colon glandular cells; standard image analysis practice). Normalise to the number or area of eligible glandular cells, and use matched retrieval, counterstaining and DAB development across samples (standard IHC practice). Report junctional and nonjunctional scores separately because HPA describes cytoplasmic and nuclear staining with Medium RNA-staining consistency (HPA: tissue IHC reliability and profile).
How can I distinguish convincing LSR positivity from staining artefacts?
A convincing result should reproducibly involve appropriate cells and show cell-border or tricellular-contact staining, consistent with LSR localisation (UniProt Q86X29: subcellular location; HPA: subcellular). Colon or stomach glandular cells provide reported High-staining comparators, while adipocytes and smooth muscle cells are reported Not detected in the listed HPA tissue observations (HPA: tissue IHC). Treat isolated nuclear colour, section-edge staining and staining over necrotic tissue cautiously; examine morphology and no-primary controls before calling them positive (HPA: tissue IHC profile; standard IHC practice). With DAB detection, check endogenous peroxidase background and compare replicate sections before interpreting a compartment or cell-type discrepancy as biology (datasheet A02742-1; standard IHC practice).
Boster reagents
Best LSR / Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor IHC Antibodies
The catalog antibody has real IHC data from paraffin sections of mouse and rat colon and human breast and liver cancer tissue (catalog IHC captions), plus IF data in A431 cells (catalog IF caption).
Real IHC data
Anti-LSR Antibody ®
Cat # A02742-1
A02742-1 has IHC images from paraffin sections of mouse and rat colon and human breast and liver cancer tissue (catalog IHC captions). A02742-1 also has an IF image from A431 cells (catalog IF caption).
Which to pick: Choose A02742-1 for paraffin-section IHC; its image captions document that preparation, but do not report the fixative (catalog IHC captions). For IF/ICC, A02742-1 is listed for both applications and has an IF image from A431 cells (catalog applications; catalog IF caption). For work across human, mouse and rat samples, A02742-1 lists reactivity with all three species; its IHC images include tissue from each species (catalog reactivity; catalog IHC captions).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q86X29 (LSR_HUMAN, Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor).
- Human Protein Atlas. LSR tissue IHC expression (reliability: Approved).
- Human Protein Atlas. LSR subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to the plasma membrane and cell junctions..
- Human Protein Atlas. LSR antibody validation summary (2 antibodies).
- Anti-lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor monoclonal antibody as a novel therapeutic agent for endometrial cancer. BMC cancer 2022 — PMC9210735.
- Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor overexpression is a novel predictor of poor clinical prognosis and a potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2018 — PMC6152476.
- The roles of tricellular tight junction protein lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor in malignancy of human endometrial cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016 — PMC5053684.
- Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor-targeted antibody-drug conjugate demonstrates potent antitumor activity against epithelial ovarian cancer. Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) 2023 — PMC9679668.
- PubMed PMID:14702039 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:16303743 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:15057824 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for LSR (Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor). Expected localisation Cytoplasmic and nuclear tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC); tricellular junction localisation (UniProt). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A02742-1). Validated IHC antibody: A02742-1 at 2-5 μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Colon (Glandular cells); negative Adipose tissue. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded mouse colon tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A02742-1); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A02742-1); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A02742-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A02742-1); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-LSR, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A02742-1); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A02742-1). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Antibody staining has medium concordance with RNA expression (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: Six isoforms; check whether the epitope is extracellular or cytoplasmic (UniProt); Regulation: Tissue-enhanced RNA expression in liver (HPA tissue RNA). Evidence: UniProt Q86X29, HPA tissue IHC · Approved, HPA ICC-IF · plasma membrane and cell junctions., Datasheet A02742-1, PMC5053684. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/LSR/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.