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NSUN2 / RNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase NSUN2 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for NSUN2
Plan paraffin-section NSUN2 IHC around mainly nuclear tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC). Start with the IHC-validated antibody at 1–2 μg/ml (datasheet A03878-1), using high-staining colon glandular cells and adipocytes with no detected staining as comparison controls (HPA tissue IHC).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
NSUN2 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Mainly nuclear tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Many cell types show mainly nuclear staining (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A03878-1) | |
| Positive control | Appendix+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Adipose tissue+2 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Matched tissue-IHC evidence does not establish the fixation claim. Validate the specimen-specific method before use. (selected-SKU IHC image A03878-1) | |
| Caveat | Mitotic cells may show spindle localization (UniProt) | |
| Regulation | Staining intensity varies by cell type (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 3 isoforms; epitope differences unspecified (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended NSUN2 IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody protocol uses EDTA pH 8.0 heat retrieval (datasheet A03878-1). The four published NSUN2 IHC protocols below provide sample specific conditions (PMC9807547; PMC11057147; PMC8429414; PMC12997395).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human acinic cell carcinoma tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A03878-1) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A03878-1); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A03878-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A03878-1) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-NSUN2, 1-2 μg/ml (datasheet A03878-1) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A03878-1) |
| Detection | HRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet A03878-1) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | NSUN2-positive staining in glandular cells of appendix (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Ubiquitous mainly nuclear expression. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with EDTA pH 8.0 heat retrieval for the catalog antibody (datasheet A03878-1); the cervical cancer study used EDTA pH 9.0 (PMC12997395).
Section 2
What Is the Expected NSUN2 Staining Pattern?
NSUN2 is mainly nuclear in tissue IHC, with nucleolar enrichment during interphase and possible cytoplasmic or spindle localization (HPA: ubiquitous mainly nuclear expression; UniProt Q08J23: subcellular location). Expect staining in epithelial and other cell types reported by HPA, especially glandular cells in appendix, colon, and duodenum (HPA: High). Interpret compartment and cell type together: NSUN2 has no transmembrane segment, and the tissue IHC profile has Supported reliability with medium consistency against RNA expression (UniProt Q08J23: topology; HPA: tissue IHC reliability).
| Clear nuclear staining in colon or duodenum glandular cells, with little diffuse background. | This fits a positive section: HPA rates these cells High and describes NSUN2 tissue staining as mainly nuclear (HPA: tissue IHC). Nucleolar concentration can be plausible in interphase cells (UniProt Q08J23: subcellular location). Judge staining within the relevant cells, because an apparently strong field may reflect the number of positive cells as well as their staining intensity (general IHC practice). |
| Predominantly membrane or extracellular staining, with nuclei largely unstained. | Treat this as discordant with the expected tissue pattern (HPA: ubiquitous mainly nuclear expression). UniProt lists no transmembrane segment, although it also lists extracellular exosomes (UniProt Q08J23: topology and subcellular location). Review the negative control, tissue morphology, and detection background before assigning the signal to NSUN2 (general IHC practice). Cytoplasmic or spindle signal alone needs context because both locations are annotated (UniProt Q08J23: subcellular location). |
| Strong signal in adipocytes or ovarian stroma cells while an expected positive cell type stains weakly. | That cell type contrast conflicts with HPA's Not detected calls for adipocytes and ovarian stroma cells and its High calls for several glandular cell populations (HPA: tissue IHC). Consider antibody cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity; inspect a no-primary control and compare staining with cell morphology (general IHC practice). A Not detected HPA call is a reference pattern, not proof that every specimen must be blank (HPA: tissue IHC, Supported reliability). |
| Uniform haze across cells, stroma, and the slide background obscures nuclear detail. | The haze cannot establish NSUN2 localization because the expected tissue pattern is mainly nuclear (HPA: tissue IHC). Check the no-primary control and the distribution of chromogen; nonspecific binding, endogenous detection activity, or excessive detection signal can produce background in chromogenic IHC (general IHC practice). Score only cellular staining that can be separated from that background (general IHC practice). |
| No staining in a well-preserved colon glandular cell section. | This is unexpected for a HPA High reference cell type (HPA: colon glandular cells, High), but one negative section does not establish absent NSUN2. Confirm that the intended glands are present and that the run's positive control developed; then review antigen retrieval, primary antibody conditions, and detection reagents as general IHC checks (general IHC practice). Do not infer a target-specific fixation effect from this result (HPA: tissue IHC supplies no fixation-effect assessment). |
💡Expected NSUN2 appearanceCall a result positive when identifiable glandular cells in an HPA High reference tissue show convincing, mainly nuclear staining above background; assess intensity against controls, while treating isolated membrane staining or diffuse field-wide chromogen as suspect (HPA: tissue IHC; UniProt Q08J23: topology; general IHC practice).
| Cell compartment | HPA's tissue summary is mainly nuclear, while its ICC-IF summary calls nucleoplasm uncertain; UniProt additionally annotates nucleolus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, and spindle (HPA: tissue IHC and subcellular; UniProt Q08J23: subcellular location). Use the nuclear tissue pattern as the main IHC expectation without declaring every nonnuclear signal false. |
| Reference cell type | High calls include kidney tubule cells, hepatocytes, esophageal squamous epithelial cells, and several glandular populations; adipocytes, ovarian stroma cells, and parathyroid glandular cells are Not detected (HPA: tissue IHC). Compare like cell types when choosing a positive control or assessing unexpected staining; HPA also describes low tissue specificity at the RNA level (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Cell-cycle context | UniProt reports nucleolar concentration in interphase and movement to the spindle during mitosis (UniProt Q08J23: subcellular location). A mitotic cell can therefore differ from neighboring interphase cells. Examine morphology before calling a localized spindle-associated signal an artifact; the dominant tissue IHC expectation remains mainly nuclear (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Antibody evidence | The listed antibody HPA037896 is Supported for IHC and Uncertain for ICC (HPA: antibody validation). Supported tissue IHC also means medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression, so use the HPA pattern as a reference with that limitation (HPA: tissue IHC reliability). These ratings do not establish a target-specific retrieval condition or fixation response. |
| Isoforms and processing | UniProt lists three isoforms, no signal peptide or propeptide, and a chain spanning residues 1–767 (UniProt Q08J23: isoforms and processing). The supplied record gives no epitope position, so it cannot predict which isoforms the IHC antibody recognizes or justify a compartment change from processing (UniProt Q08J23: record scope). |
| IF/ICC Q&A | Can the IHC result define the IF/ICC pattern? Use caution: HPA lists nucleoplasm as uncertain in ICC-IF and rates HPA037896 Uncertain for ICC, whereas tissue IHC is Supported (HPA: subcellular and antibody validation). Interpret IF/ICC with its own controls and guide; this IHC section supplies no IF/ICC protocol. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Expected nuclear signal is absent in colon glandular cells. | The section may lack evaluable glands, or a general IHC workflow step may have failed; HPA calls these cells High but gives no NSUN2-specific fixation sensitivity (HPA: colon tissue IHC; general IHC practice). | Verify cell identity and the run's positive control, then check retrieval, primary incubation, and detection according to the IHC antibody's validated instructions (general IHC practice). Record the negative result if controls pass. |
| Staining is strongest at membranes or in extracellular deposits. | The pattern differs from HPA's mainly nuclear tissue profile; non-target staining or detection background is possible (HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC practice). UniProt's exosome annotation alone cannot validate a deposit in this section (UniProt Q08J23: subcellular location). | Compare nuclear signal and a no-primary control, then check whether the deposits follow tissue edges or damaged areas (general IHC practice). Reassess with another appropriate control before scoring them as NSUN2. |
| Adipocytes or ovarian stroma cells show strong chromogen. | These cells are Not detected in the HPA reference; cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity could explain the signal (HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC practice). | Identify the stained cells on the counterstain, inspect a no-primary control, and compare an HPA High cell type from the same run (HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC practice). Report the discordance if controls do not resolve it. |
| Diffuse brown background hides nuclei throughout the section. | This does not match the mainly nuclear reference pattern (HPA: tissue IHC). General IHC causes include nonspecific binding or endogenous detection activity (general IHC practice). | Check a no-primary control, blocking and detection steps, and whether the chromogen reaction was overdeveloped; adjust the general workflow only as the controls indicate (general IHC practice). |
| All cells appear equally dark, including HPA Not detected cell types. | A saturated detection signal can obscure real cell type differences (general IHC practice); HPA reports both High and Not detected reference populations (HPA: tissue IHC). | Compare controls and review antibody dilution and chromogen development under the validated IHC instructions (general IHC practice). Score only where nuclei, cell boundaries, and relative intensity remain readable. |
| IF/ICC looks cytoplasmic while tissue IHC looks nuclear. | The assays have different evidence strength: tissue IHC is Supported, while HPA's nucleoplasm call and the listed antibody's ICC validation are Uncertain (HPA: tissue IHC, subcellular, and antibody validation). UniProt also annotates cytoplasmic locations (UniProt Q08J23: subcellular location). | Review IF/ICC controls and cell-cycle morphology in its separate guide; do not transfer an IHC interpretation or protocol to IF/ICC solely from this comparison (HPA: antibody validation; general assay practice). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing NSUN2 staining
A03878-1 · IHCIHC analysis of NSUN2 using anti-NSUN2 antibody (A03878-1). NSUN2 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human acinic cell carcinoma
A03878-1 · IHCIHC analysis of NSUN2 using anti-NSUN2 antibody (A03878-1). NSUN2 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human colorectal adenocarci
A03878-1 · IFIF analysis of NSUN2 using anti-NSUN2 antibody (A03878-1) and anti-Tubulin Alpha antibody (M03989-3). NSUN2 was detected in immunocytochemic
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000037474-NSUN2/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_9285776
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000037474-NSUN2/tissue/colon#imid_9283406
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000037474-NSUN2/tissue/liver#imid_9283407
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000037474-NSUN2/tissue/kidney#imid_9283400
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA037896; green = NSUN2, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA037896; green = NSUN2, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for NSUN2 IHC & IF
🧪Run colon first: glandular cells should show strong NSUN2 staining (HPA: High in colon glandular cells). Use parathyroid glandular cells as the negative tissue (HPA: Not detected); on the colon slide, compare glandular staining with morphologically distinct nonglandular cells that show only background signal, without assuming those cells are NSUN2-negative.
Positive control tissue: Appendix (Glandular cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show NSUN2 in A-431, U-251MG, U2OS, with annotated localisation: Nucleoplasm (uncertain) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary (secondary-only) section, a concentration-matched rabbit IgG isotype control, and NSUN2 knockout material as a biological negative (standard IHC practice; selected-SKU caption: rabbit primary). Quench endogenous peroxidase and assess background in colon sections before interpreting DAB staining (standard chromogenic IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window and fixation effect are unreported in the supplied evidence; the selected-SKU paraffin-section caption does not state the fixative. That caption uses heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0, so confirm retrieval performance for the chosen preparation (selected-SKU IHC caption). The evidence does not establish whether frozen sections or IF are easier; in colon, distinguish glandular signal from endogenous peroxidase and tissue background (standard IHC practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for NSUN2
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Supported — Medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appendix | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Colon | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Duodenum | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Epididymis | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Esophagus | Squamous epithelial cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced NSUN2 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot NSUN2 staining in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, compartment, controls and cell specific scoring before interpreting signal intensity.
What retrieval should I start with when NSUN2 staining is weak in paraffin sections?
Start with heat mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for the catalog antibody (datasheet A03878-1). The documented paraffin section workflow used that retrieval before 10% goat serum blocking and 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C (IHC caption A03878-1). If signal is weak, compare a modest change in heating duration on adjacent sections while keeping antibody concentration and detection constant (standard IHC practice). Include a known positive glandular cell control, such as colon, and inspect nuclear signal before judging the retrieval change (HPA: High in colon glandular cells; HPA: ubiquitous mainly nuclear expression).
How should I investigate inconsistent NSUN2 staining across differently fixed samples?
Record fixative, fixation duration, section thickness and processing history for each specimen before comparing NSUN2 intensity (standard IHC practice). Target specific fixation sensitivity is unknown here: the selected image documents a paraffin section but does not state its fixative (IHC caption A03878-1). For a controlled comparison, process matched samples with a documented routine fixative and constant retrieval, antibody incubation and detection settings (standard IHC practice; datasheet A03878-1: EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval). Judge changes against staining in comparable cells and an internal positive control, since fixation differences can alter antigen accessibility and morphology (standard IHC practice).
How can I assess strong cytoplasmic staining when I expect nuclear NSUN2?
Score nuclear and cytoplasmic staining separately because tissue IHC is described as mainly nuclear, while NSUN2 also has reported cytoplasmic localisation (HPA: ubiquitous mainly nuclear expression; UniProt Q08J23: subcellular location). Inspect nucleoli in interphase cells and distinguish occasional mitotic spindle associated signal from diffuse cytoplasmic colour (UniProt Q08J23: nucleolar concentration and mitotic translocation). Compare the same compartments in positive glandular cells, such as colon, using identical retrieval and DAB development (HPA: High in colon glandular cells; standard IHC practice). If cytoplasmic staining dominates every cell, check the no primary control and reduce detection background before assigning it to NSUN2 (standard IHC practice).
Could isoforms or epitope accessibility explain discordant NSUN2 IHC patterns?
NSUN2 has 3 annotated isoforms, so establish which sequence region the antibody recognizes before attributing a staining difference to isoform expression (UniProt Q08J23: isoforms 1–3; standard IHC practice). No epitope position is supplied for A03878-1, and its paraffin image alone cannot establish equal recognition of each isoform (IHC caption A03878-1). NSUN2 has no annotated transmembrane segment, while several modified residues are reported; neither fact identifies the antibody epitope or proves a retrieval effect (UniProt Q08J23: topology and modified residues). Compare adjacent sections under the documented EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and seek epitope mapping or orthogonal validation before making an isoform claim (datasheet A03878-1; standard IHC practice).
How should I plan an IF comparison of NSUN2 and glandular cell markers?
For the separate IF/ICC workflow, multiplex NSUN2 with a glandular epithelial marker to identify the expected positive population, such as colon glandular cells (HPA: High in colon glandular cells; standard IF practice). Choose spectrally separated fluorophores and consider a far red NSUN2 channel when tissue autofluorescence obscures shorter wavelengths (standard IF practice). Because NSUN2 is reported in the nucleus and nucleolus and has no transmembrane segment, permeabilise sufficiently to admit antibody to intracellular epitopes, then check that morphology remains intact (UniProt Q08J23: localisation and topology; standard IF practice). Include single stain and no primary controls when setting exposure and assessing channel bleed through (standard IF practice).
What should I check when DAB appears throughout the section?
Compare a no primary control with the stained section to identify detection system background before changing the NSUN2 antibody concentration (standard IHC practice). The selected paraffin image used 10% goat serum blocking, peroxidase linked secondary detection and DAB development with 2 μg/ml primary antibody (IHC caption A03878-1). Apply an appropriate endogenous peroxidase block and limit DAB development according to the detection system instructions; these are general chromogenic IHC steps, not NSUN2 specific findings (standard IHC practice). If background persists, check wash stringency, tissue edges and damaged regions while retaining a positive glandular cell control (standard IHC practice; HPA: High in colon glandular cells).
How should I quantify NSUN2 staining across tissue samples? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and score nuclear NSUN2 separately from cytoplasmic signal, since tissue expression is mainly nuclear but other compartments are reported (HPA: ubiquitous mainly nuclear expression; UniProt Q08J23: subcellular location). For comparable regions, report an H-score or percentage of positive cells with an explicitly fixed intensity threshold (standard IHC practice). Normalise counts to the number of eligible cells, or report positive cells per mm² when cell density varies, and exclude folds, necrosis and section edges by preset criteria (standard IHC practice). Keep retrieval, DAB development, imaging and scoring rules constant, and include a shared control section across staining runs (standard IHC practice; datasheet A03878-1: EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval).
When is an apparent NSUN2 positive result likely to be artefactual?
Give greatest weight to staining in intact nuclei of the expected cell population, with nucleolar enrichment where discernible (HPA: ubiquitous mainly nuclear expression; UniProt Q08J23: interphase nucleolar concentration). Check whether strongly stained cells match tissue context: colon glandular cells are reported high, whereas adipocytes are reported not detected (HPA: High in colon glandular cells; HPA: Not detected in adipocytes). Diffuse colour at section edges, within necrosis or in a no primary control warrants investigation of processing or detection artefact (standard IHC practice). For DAB staining, assess endogenous peroxidase activity with an appropriate control before calling unexpected widespread cytoplasmic colour NSUN2 (standard IHC practice; UniProt Q08J23: cytoplasmic localisation).
Boster reagents
Best NSUN2 / RNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase NSUN2 IHC Antibodies
The catalog lists anti-NSUN2 antibodies for IHC and IF/ICC with human and mouse reactivity; A03878-1 also has paraffin-section IHC and cell IF images (catalog applications and reactivity; image captions).
Real IHC data
Anti-NSUN2 Antibody ®
Cat # A03878-1
A03878-1 has IHC images from human paraffin sections of acinic cell carcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, liver cancer and lung cancer, plus IF in NRK cells (A03878-1 image captions). M03878 lists IHC and IF/ICC applications with human, mouse and monkey reactivity; no IHC or IF image is supplied (M03878 catalog).
Which to pick: Choose A03878-1 for tissue IHC: its human paraffin-section captions document EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 and 2 μg/ml primary antibody, but do not report the fixative (A03878-1 IHC captions). For IF/ICC, A03878-1 has an NRK-cell IF image at 5 μg/ml; M03878 is a rabbit monoclonal with IF/ICC listed at 1:50, without an image in this payload (A03878-1 IF caption; M03878 catalog). For species selection, both list mouse reactivity, A03878-1 lists rat, and M03878 lists monkey; verify IHC performance in those species because the supplied IHC images are human only (catalog reactivity; A03878-1 IHC captions).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q08J23 (NSUN2_HUMAN, RNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase NSUN2).
- Human Protein Atlas. NSUN2 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Supported).
- Human Protein Atlas. NSUN2 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to the nucleoplasm..
- Human Protein Atlas. NSUN2 antibody validation summary (1 antibodies).
- RNA methyltransferase NSun2 deficiency promotes neurodegeneration through epitranscriptomic regulation of tau phosphorylation. Acta neuropathologica 2023 — PMC9807547.
- NSUN2 relies on ALYREF to regulate Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress and alleviate Dox-induced liver injury. Biology direct 2024 — PMC11057147.
- NSUN2 modified by SUMO-2/3 promotes gastric cancer progression and regulates mRNA m5C methylation. Cell death & disease 2021 — PMC8429414.
- RNA methyltransferase NSUN2 enhances vasculogenic mimicry and malignant progression of cervical cancer through upregulation of MMP-9. Oncology letters 2026 — PMC12997395.
- PubMed PMID:17215513 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:14702039 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:15372022 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for NSUN2 (RNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase NSUN2). Expected localisation Mainly nuclear tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A03878-1). Validated IHC antibody: A03878-1 at 1-2 μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Appendix (Glandular cells); negative Adipose tissue. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human acinic cell carcinoma tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A03878-1); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A03878-1); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A03878-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A03878-1); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-NSUN2, 1-2 μg/ml (datasheet A03878-1); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A03878-1). Watch for: Fixation: Matched tissue-IHC evidence does not establish the fixation claim. Validate the specimen-specific method before use. (selected-SKU IHC image A03878-1); Caveat: Mitotic cells may show spindle localization (UniProt); Isoform / epitope: 3 isoforms; epitope differences unspecified (UniProt); Regulation: Staining intensity varies by cell type (HPA tissue IHC). Evidence: UniProt Q08J23, HPA tissue IHC · Supported, HPA ICC-IF · nucleoplasm., Datasheet A03878-1, PMC9807547, PMC11057147. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/NSUN2/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.