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OGG1 / N-glycosylase/DNA lyase · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for OGG1
Plan OGG1 staining in paraffin sections around its mainly nuclear tissue pattern (HPA tissue IHC). This guide covers control tissue selection (HPA tissue IHC), consistent fixation (standard IHC practice), and the catalog antibody’s 2–5 μg/ml IHC range (datasheet: A00768-1).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
OGG1 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Mainly nuclear in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Nuclear staining in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A00768-1) | |
| Positive control | Bronchus+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Adipose tissue+2 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Matched tissue-IHC evidence does not establish the fixation claim. Validate the specimen-specific method before use. (selected-SKU IHC image A00768-1) | |
| Caveat | Staining and RNA expression show medium consistency (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Ubiquitous expression (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 8 isoforms; variant epitope coverage is unknown (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended OGG1 IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody protocol is paired with 4 published OGG1 IHC protocols from rat lens, rat spleen, mouse retina, and mouse liver (PMC2929939; PMC2614128; PMC2690988; PMC2565677).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human breast cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A00768-1) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A00768-1); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A00768-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A00768-1) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-OGG1, 2-5μg/ml (datasheet A00768-1) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A00768-1) |
| Detection | HRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet A00768-1) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | OGG1-positive staining in ciliated cells (cell body) of bronchus (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Mainly nuclear expression in most tissues. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with heat-mediated EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval for the catalog antibody (datasheet: A00768-1); the published protocols that specify retrieval use citrate (PMC2929939; PMC2614128; PMC2690988).
Section 2
What Is the Expected OGG1 Staining Pattern?
OGG1 should stain mainly nuclei across many tissues (HPA tissue IHC: mainly nuclear; UniProt O15527: nucleus). Expect stronger staining in bronchial ciliated cells and placental trophoblastic cells, among other reported high-staining populations (HPA tissue IHC: High). Mitochondrial localisation is also annotated (UniProt O15527: mitochondrion). HPA rates tissue IHC as Approved but reports medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression (HPA tissue IHC: reliability).
| Distinct nuclear chromogen in bronchial ciliated cells or placental trophoblastic cells, with cell-to-cell variation. | This fits the mainly nuclear tissue pattern and reported High staining in those populations (HPA tissue IHC: profile; Bronchus and Placenta). Assess the named cells rather than treating every cell in the section as an equally strong positive. |
| Predominantly broad cytoplasmic staining, with little nuclear signal in an expected-positive population. | That distribution conflicts with the main tissue IHC pattern and nucleoplasmic ICC-IF localisation (HPA tissue IHC: profile; HPA subcellular: nucleoplasm). Investigate background or localisation before interpreting it as OGG1; mitochondrial localisation is annotated, so cytoplasmic signal alone is not conclusive (UniProt O15527: mitochondrion). |
| Strong chromogen in cardiomyocytes or adipocytes while the expected-positive cells stain weakly or not at all. | HPA reports OGG1 as Not detected in cardiomyocytes and adipocytes, but High in bronchial ciliated cells and placental trophoblastic cells (HPA tissue IHC: Heart muscle, Adipose tissue, Bronchus, Placenta). This mismatch raises concern for cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity; it does not prove either cause. |
| Haze or granular colour covers nuclei, cytoplasm and extracellular areas without clear cell boundaries. | Diffuse colour cannot establish the reported mainly nuclear pattern (HPA tissue IHC: profile). Review controls, blocking, antibody concentration and detection conditions as general IHC background checks (general IHC practice); do not score the haze as nuclear OGG1. |
| No signal in bronchial ciliated cells or placental trophoblastic cells, including when section morphology is intact. | Those populations are reported High by HPA, so an absent result warrants a technical check (HPA tissue IHC: Bronchus; Placenta). Verify the positive control, retrieval and detection workflow before calling the specimen negative (general IHC practice). HPA's Approved rating has medium RNA-to-staining consistency (HPA tissue IHC: reliability). |
💡Expected OGG1 appearanceCall a convincing positive when identifiable bronchial ciliated cells or placental trophoblastic cells show clear, mainly nuclear staining at a relatively strong level (HPA tissue IHC: High; mainly nuclear); diffuse haze or dominant staining of HPA Not detected cell types is suspect (HPA tissue IHC: Adipocytes; Cardiomyocytes).
| Cell population and tissue | HPA reports High staining in bronchial and nasopharyngeal ciliated cells, placental trophoblasts, skin melanocytes and tonsillar squamous epithelium; it reports Not detected staining in adipocytes, cardiomyocytes and smooth muscle cells (HPA tissue IHC: listed populations). Score the relevant cell type. |
| Compartment | Mainly nuclear tissue staining and enhanced nucleoplasmic ICC-IF localisation support a nuclear reference pattern (HPA tissue IHC: profile; HPA subcellular: main location). UniProt also annotates mitochondria and nuclear speckles; speckle recruitment with APEX1 is described in UVA-irradiated cells (UniProt O15527: subcellular location). |
| Isoform coverage | UniProt lists 8 OGG1 isoforms (UniProt O15527: isoforms). The supplied HPA antibody summaries do not map epitopes to those isoforms (HPA antibodies: validation summaries); avoid assigning a staining difference to a particular isoform without further evidence. |
| Antibody evidence | HPA027514 and CAB047301 are both IHC Approved, while HPA's tissue-level reliability description says staining and RNA have medium consistency (HPA antibodies: IHC status; HPA tissue IHC: reliability). Treat a discordant result as a finding to check, not as automatic proof of absence or cross-reactivity. |
| Detection chemistry | If chromogenic detection uses HRP, endogenous peroxidase can add colour unrelated to primary-antibody binding; blocking and omission controls help identify it (general IHC practice). This is a workflow consideration, not an OGG1-specific effect reported by HPA or UniProt. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Expected-positive nuclei are blank in a paraffin section. | An unsuccessful retrieval, antibody-incubation or detection step is possible (general IHC practice); HPA reports High staining in bronchial ciliated cells and placental trophoblasts (HPA tissue IHC: Bronchus; Placenta). | Run a known-positive section alongside the specimen; check the catalog antibody's IHC-P instructions and verify retrieval, reagent activity and counterstain visibility (general IHC practice). |
| Most of the section has brown haze that obscures nuclear boundaries. | Excess background from antibody concentration, blocking or detection conditions is possible (general IHC practice); haze does not match HPA's mainly nuclear profile (HPA tissue IHC: profile). | Inspect a primary-antibody omission control, then adjust blocking, washes or antibody concentration using the IHC-P instructions (general IHC practice). Re-score only identifiable cells with discrete nuclear signal. |
| Colour is prominent in adipocytes or cardiomyocytes but absent in the expected-positive cells. | A nonspecific primary-antibody signal or endogenous chromogenic activity is possible (general IHC practice); HPA lists those cells as Not detected (HPA tissue IHC: Adipose tissue; Heart muscle). | Compare omission and positive controls, confirm the stained cell identities and review detection blocking (general IHC practice). Report the discrepancy rather than assigning OGG1 expression from colour alone. |
| The stain appears mainly cytoplasmic. | Background or a localisation mismatch is possible because HPA reports mainly nuclear tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC: profile). UniProt's mitochondrial annotation means cytoplasmic staining cannot be rejected solely by compartment (UniProt O15527: mitochondrion). | Check nuclear counterstain alignment and controls; assess whether discrete signal accompanies the expected nuclear pattern (general IHC practice; HPA tissue IHC: profile). Avoid calling diffuse cytoplasm a confirmed mitochondrial pattern. |
| A tissue expected to stain looks patchy or weak. | HPA reports expression by named cell population and gives its tissue IHC a medium RNA-to-staining consistency description (HPA tissue IHC: listed populations; reliability). Unequal representation of those cells can complicate a whole-section impression. | Identify and score the reported cell population separately, then compare it with a known-positive section processed in the same run (HPA tissue IHC: listed populations; general IHC practice). |
| IF/ICC Q&A: what localisation should a companion fluorescence image show? | HPA's ICC-IF summary places OGG1 in the nucleoplasm; its tissue IHC profile is mainly nuclear (HPA subcellular: nucleoplasm; HPA tissue IHC: profile). | Look for signal aligned with the nuclear counterstain and interpret fluorescence on the separate IF/ICC guide page (HPA subcellular: nucleoplasm; general IF practice). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing OGG1 staining
A00768-1 · IHCIHC analysis of Ogg1 using anti-Ogg1 antibody (A00768-1). Ogg1 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human breast cancer tissue. He
A00768-1 · IHCIHC analysis of Ogg1 using anti-Ogg1 antibody (A00768-1). Ogg1 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human lung cancer tissue. Heat
A00768-1 · IFIF analysis of Ogg1 using anti-Ogg1 antibody (A00768-1) and anti-Tubulin Alpha antibody (M03989-3). Ogg1 was detected in immunocytochemical
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000114026-OGG1/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_14195452
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000114026-OGG1/tissue/colon#imid_14195378
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000114026-OGG1/tissue/liver#imid_14195379
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000114026-OGG1/tissue/kidney#imid_14195364
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA027514; green = OGG1, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA027514; green = OGG1, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for OGG1 IHC & IF
🧪Run bronchus first: ciliated cells should stain (HPA: High in bronchial ciliated cells). Use smooth muscle as the negative tissue (HPA: Not detected in smooth muscle cells); on the bronchus slide, assess neighboring non-ciliated cells for low background without assuming they are OGG1-negative (UniProt O15527: ubiquitous tissue expression).
Positive control tissue: Bronchus (Ciliated cells (cell body), HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show OGG1 in A-431, U-251MG, U2OS, with annotated localisation: Nucleoplasm (enhanced) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary, secondary-only control and a rabbit IgG isotype control matched to the primary’s clonality where known (A00768-1 caption: rabbit primary antibody); an OGG1 knockout specimen provides a biological negative. Block endogenous peroxidase and check inflammatory-cell staining in bronchus before interpreting DAB signal (standard chromogenic IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: No target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is reported, and the selected-SKU paraffin-section caption does not state the fixative (A00768-1 caption: fixative unreported). Heat retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 was used in the reported paraffin-section example, but retrieval dependence has not been established (A00768-1 caption: heat-mediated EDTA retrieval). Frozen-section validation and comparative ease are unreported; IF/ICC images show nucleoplasmic localization, while bronchial inflammatory cells may contribute endogenous peroxidase signal in chromogenic IHC (HPA: nucleoplasm enhanced; standard IHC practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for OGG1
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Approved — Medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bronchus | Ciliated cells (cell body) | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Nasopharynx | Ciliated cells (cell body) | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Placenta | Trophoblastic cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Skin | Melanocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Tonsil | Squamous epithelial cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced OGG1 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot OGG1 staining in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, nuclear localisation, controls, and cell-specific scoring before interpreting DAB signal.
What retrieval should I try first when OGG1 staining is weak in paraffin sections?
Start with heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for this antibody (datasheet A00768-1). That condition produced OGG1 staining in a paraffin-embedded human breast cancer section, although the caption does not state the heating time or fixative (datasheet A00768-1). If staining remains weak, vary heating duration on serial sections while keeping antibody concentration, detection, and development constant (standard IHC practice). Compare nuclear signal with background in the same cell types, since OGG1 is mainly nuclear in tissue IHC (HPA: tissue profile). Record retrieval conditions for every section; an apparent gain is unconvincing if tissue morphology deteriorates (standard IHC practice).
Could fixation explain weak or patchy OGG1 staining?
Target-specific fixation sensitivity is unknown: the selected paraffin-section caption does not report a fixative (datasheet A00768-1). Compare sections with documented fixation histories using the same EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and antibody conditions (datasheet A00768-1; standard IHC practice). Assess nuclear staining alongside morphology, because damaged or poorly preserved regions can complicate interpretation of chromogenic signal (standard IHC practice). Do not infer an optimal fixation time from OGG1 localisation or its lack of annotated glycosylation sites (UniProt O15527; standard IHC practice). If fixation histories differ, report that limitation before attributing staining differences to OGG1 abundance (standard IHC practice).
How should I assess nuclear versus cytoplasmic OGG1 staining?
Score nuclei first: tissue IHC shows mainly nuclear OGG1 expression, and subcellular imaging places it in the nucleoplasm (HPA: tissue profile; HPA: subcellular). UniProt also lists mitochondrial localisation, so a non-nuclear signal deserves review rather than automatic rejection (UniProt O15527: subcellular location). Use a counterstain to define nuclei, then examine serial sections for whether the signal follows intact cells rather than folds or damaged edges (standard IHC practice). Document nuclear and non-nuclear staining separately instead of combining them into one score (standard IHC practice). Persistent diffuse staining outside cells calls for a detection-background check before biological interpretation (standard IHC practice).
Could OGG1 isoforms or epitope access change the staining pattern?
OGG1 has 8 listed isoforms, so isoform coverage depends on the antibody epitope (UniProt O15527: isoforms; standard IHC practice). The supplied tissue caption identifies the antibody concentration as 2 μg/ml but does not map its epitope or establish isoform specificity (datasheet A00768-1). Check the antibody's documented immunogen region against the isoforms before assigning a compartment-specific signal to one variant (standard IHC practice). OGG1 has no transmembrane segment or annotated glycosylation sites; those features alone cannot establish epitope accessibility after processing (UniProt O15527: topology and glycosylation; standard IHC practice). Report the observed staining pattern without naming an isoform unless independent isoform-specific evidence supports it (standard IHC practice).
How can I compare tissue IHC with OGG1 immunofluorescence?
Treat IF/ICC as a separate assay: this antibody's supplied example is chromogenic staining of a paraffin-embedded section, with no IF conditions stated (datasheet A00768-1). Multiplex OGG1 with a marker for the cell type being assessed, such as a ciliated-cell marker when examining the HPA-positive bronchial population (HPA: high in bronchial ciliated cells; standard IF practice). Choose a fluorophore channel away from strong tissue autofluorescence and include single-channel controls to assess bleed-through (standard IF practice). For a nuclear epitope, optimise permeabilisation for access across the plasma and nuclear membranes; the precise antibody epitope is not supplied (HPA: nucleoplasm; standard IF practice). Compare localisation, while keeping IF intensity and DAB scores separate (standard IF/IHC practice).
What should I check when DAB staining obscures OGG1-positive nuclei?
First compare a no-primary section with the stained section to locate signal from secondary reagents or tissue chemistry (standard IHC practice). Include a peroxidase-blocking step in the chromogenic workflow, then assess whether residual DAB signal persists in the control (standard IHC practice). The selected example used 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C and DAB detection; those settings provide a documented starting point, not a background threshold (datasheet A00768-1). Reduce primary concentration or development time systematically if diffuse staining masks nuclei (standard IHC practice). Judge any improvement against preserved nuclear signal, since tissue IHC is mainly nuclear for OGG1 (HPA: tissue profile).
How should I quantify OGG1 staining across paraffin sections? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and score nuclear DAB intensity on a 0–3 scale, then calculate an H-score from 0–300 or report the percentage of positive cells (standard IHC practice). Normalise counts to the number of eligible, intact nuclei in each annotated region, and exclude folds, necrosis, and section edges (standard IHC practice). Keep non-nuclear signal in a separate field because OGG1 tissue staining is mainly nuclear (HPA: tissue profile; standard IHC practice). Apply one threshold and imaging setup across the comparison, with blinded review where feasible (standard IHC practice). Report cell type and region because HPA staining levels vary among tissue populations (HPA: tissue profile).
How can I distinguish credible OGG1 staining from tissue artefact?
A credible pattern includes staining in intact nuclei, consistent with mainly nuclear tissue expression and enhanced nucleoplasmic localisation (HPA: tissue profile; HPA: subcellular). Check the expected cell population: bronchial ciliated cells are reported high, whereas adipocytes are reported not detected (HPA: tissue IHC). Signal confined to cut edges, folds, or necrotic areas should prompt review of section quality and matching controls (standard IHC practice). Investigate diffuse DAB in a no-primary section for residual endogenous peroxidase or detection background (standard IHC practice). Mitochondrial OGG1 is annotated, but chromogenic cytoplasmic staining alone does not prove mitochondrial localisation (UniProt O15527: subcellular location; standard IHC practice).
Boster reagents
Best OGG1 / N-glycosylase/DNA lyase IHC Antibodies
The catalog antibody has IHC data from human breast and lung cancer paraffin sections and IF/ICC data from HeLa cells (A00768-1 image captions).
Real IHC data
Anti-Ogg1 Antibody ®
Cat # A00768-1
A00768-1 will render with its IHC figure from a human breast cancer paraffin section (A00768-1 IHC image caption). The same SKU also has IHC data from a human lung cancer paraffin section and IF/ICC data from HeLa cells (A00768-1 image captions).
Which to pick: Choose A00768-1 for human tissue IHC on paraffin sections; its IHC captions document breast and lung cancer sections, but do not report the fixative (A00768-1 IHC image captions). Choose the same SKU for human IF/ICC based on its HeLa cell image; it is a rabbit antibody, and clonality is unreported (A00768-1 catalog and IF image caption). No cross-species choice is supported because the listed reactivity is human only (A00768-1 catalog).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry O15527 (OGG1_HUMAN, N-glycosylase/DNA lyase).
- Human Protein Atlas. OGG1 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Approved).
- Human Protein Atlas. OGG1 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to the nucleoplasm..
- Human Protein Atlas. OGG1 antibody validation summary (2 antibodies).
- Expression changes in DNA repair enzymes and mitochondrial DNA damage in aging rat lens. Molecular vision 2010 — PMC2929939.
- Oxidative DNA damage and its repair in rat spleen following subchronic exposure to aniline. Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2008 — PMC2614128.
- Expression of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (Ogg1) in mouse retina. Molecular vision 2009 — PMC2690988.
- Pioglitazone retrieves hepatic antioxidant DNA repair in a mice model of high fat diet. BMC molecular biology 2008 — PMC2565677.
- PubMed PMID:9187114 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:9207108 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:9223306 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for OGG1 (N-glycosylase/DNA lyase). Expected localisation Mainly nuclear in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A00768-1). Validated IHC antibody: A00768-1 at 2-5μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Bronchus (Ciliated cells (cell body)); negative Adipose tissue. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human breast cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A00768-1); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A00768-1); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A00768-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A00768-1); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-OGG1, 2-5μg/ml (datasheet A00768-1); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A00768-1). Watch for: Fixation: Matched tissue-IHC evidence does not establish the fixation claim. Validate the specimen-specific method before use. (selected-SKU IHC image A00768-1); Caveat: Staining and RNA expression show medium consistency (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: 8 isoforms; variant epitope coverage is unknown (UniProt); Regulation: Ubiquitous expression (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt O15527, HPA tissue IHC · Approved, HPA ICC-IF · nucleoplasm., Datasheet A00768-1, PMC2929939, PMC2614128. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/OGG1/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.