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SLC25A37 / Mitoferrin-1 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for SLC25A37
Plan chromogenic SLC25A37 IHC-P with the catalog antibody at 1:10–1:50 (datasheet: A10701 IHC-P). Compare cytoplasmic and nuclear tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC) with the inner mitochondrial membrane annotation (UniProt), while accounting for uncertain tissue-IHC reliability (HPA tissue IHC).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
SLC25A37 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Cytoplasmic/nuclear tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC); inner mitochondrial membrane (UniProt) | |
| Staining pattern | Most tissues show cytoplasmic and nuclear staining (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | Citrate pH 6.0 HIER, 95–98 °C, 20 min (rule: cytoplasmic / membrane antigen) | |
| Positive control | Bronchus+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Adipose tissue+4 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation consistent across paraffin sections (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Antibody staining and RNA show low consistency (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | ACB10 stabilizes SLC25A37 (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 3 isoforms; C-terminal epitope coverage is unreported (UniProt: isoforms; datasheet: C-term) |
Section 1
Recommended SLC25A37 IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody protocol is paired with one published SLC25A37 IHC protocol for tissue sections (PMC13156106).
| Sample | FFPE tissue sections (datasheet A10701; sample unspecified) |
| Fixation | Image formalin-fixed; duration unreported (datasheet A10701); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat-induced epitope retrieval in citrate buffer, pH 6.0, 20 min at 95–98 °C (standard rule: cytoplasmic / membrane antigen) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% normal serum of the secondary host, 30 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-SLC25A37, 1:10-1:50 (datasheet A10701) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (standard) |
| Detection | HRP-polymer secondary, DAB chromogen 5–10 min (standard) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | SLC25A37-positive staining in respiratory epithelial cells of bronchus (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression in most tissues. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with citrate pH 6.0 retrieval at 95–98 °C for 20 min (page antigen retrieval); the published method also lists trypsin as an antibody-dependent alternative (PMC13156106).
Section 2
What Is the Expected SLC25A37 Staining Pattern?
SLC25A37 is an inner mitochondrial membrane transporter with 6 transmembrane segments (UniProt Q9NYZ2 topology). Expect cytoplasmic staining in cells with abundant SLC25A37, such as cardiomyocytes and respiratory epithelial cells reported as high by HPA (HPA tissue IHC). Mitochondrial localisation is supported by approved ICC-IF data (HPA subcellular). Interpret paraffin-section staining cautiously: HPA rates tissue IHC Uncertain because staining and RNA expression have low consistency (HPA tissue IHC).
| Granular cytoplasmic signal in cardiomyocytes or respiratory epithelial cells, with little signal in adjacent background. | This is compatible with a mitochondrial protein in cell types scored High by HPA (UniProt Q9NYZ2 localisation; HPA tissue IHC). Chromogenic IHC alone does not establish mitochondrial colocalisation; compare the cell-level pattern with controls before calling it specific (general IHC practice). |
| Predominantly nuclear staining, with little or no cytoplasmic signal. | HPA describes cytoplasmic and nuclear staining across most tissues, but rates the tissue IHC evidence Uncertain (HPA tissue IHC). Nuclear-only staining does not match the inner mitochondrial membrane assignment or the approved mitochondrial ICC-IF location; investigate specificity before scoring it as SLC25A37 (UniProt Q9NYZ2 localisation; HPA subcellular). |
| Strong staining in a cell population HPA scores Not detected, such as adipocytes. | Treat this as a discrepancy, not automatic proof of cross-reactivity: HPA tissue IHC has Uncertain reliability (HPA tissue IHC). Check whether signal follows cell boundaries and whether a no-primary control also stains; cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity can produce apparent positivity (general IHC practice). |
| Diffuse colour over cells and extracellular areas, without a discernible cellular pattern. | A field-wide deposit is hard to reconcile with a defined mitochondrial target (UniProt Q9NYZ2 localisation). In chromogenic IHC, nonspecific reagent binding, residual endogenous enzyme activity, pigment or chromogen deposit can obscure interpretation; inspect a no-primary control and the distribution of the deposit (general IHC practice). |
| No detectable stain in cardiomyocytes or respiratory epithelial cells. | Those cells are scored High in HPA tissue IHC, so an absent signal warrants a run-level check (HPA tissue IHC). The HPA reliability rating is Uncertain; absence in one section cannot establish biological loss. Review tissue preservation, antibody conditions, retrieval and detection controls as general IHC checks (general IHC practice). |
💡Expected SLC25A37 appearanceCall a result compatible when cellular cytoplasmic signal is evident in HPA High cells, with mitochondrial localisation supported separately by ICC-IF; nuclear-only or field-wide deposit warrants investigation (HPA tissue IHC; HPA subcellular; UniProt Q9NYZ2 localisation).
| Membrane topology | SLC25A37 has 6 transmembrane segments in the mitochondrial inner membrane (UniProt Q9NYZ2 topology). Its antibody epitope is unspecified here, so topology alone cannot predict retrieval needs or staining strength. |
| Isoforms | UniProt lists 3 isoforms: 1, 2 and 4 (UniProt Q9NYZ2 isoforms). Without an epitope map, these records cannot establish which isoforms the IHC antibody detects or explain a tissue-level difference. |
| Tissue evidence | HPA scores cardiomyocytes, respiratory epithelial cells, Purkinje cells and skeletal myocytes High, while several listed populations are not detected (HPA tissue IHC). Its overall tissue IHC reliability is Uncertain, limiting their use as definitive positive or negative controls (HPA tissue IHC). |
| IF/ICC Q&A: where should signal localise? | Mainly to mitochondria, with additional cytosolic localisation in the approved ICC-IF assessment (HPA subcellular). This supports a localisation comparison; it does not supply an IF/ICC protocol or resolve the uncertain paraffin-section tissue pattern (HPA subcellular; HPA tissue IHC). |
| Detection activity | Endogenous enzyme activity can create chromogenic signal independently of primary antibody binding (general IHC practice). A no-primary control helps identify that contribution; this is a general detection consideration, with no SLC25A37-specific activity reported in the supplied sources. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Expected positive cells show no colour. | The run may have weak retrieval, antibody binding or detection; HPA's High score is also uncertain evidence for an individual section (general IHC practice; HPA tissue IHC). | Check a same-run positive section, reagent sequence and detection control; optimise retrieval and antibody conditions within the IHC-validated antibody's instructions (general IHC practice). |
| Only nuclei are strongly stained. | This conflicts with mitochondrial localisation, although HPA reports nuclear staining in its uncertain tissue profile (UniProt Q9NYZ2 localisation; HPA tissue IHC). | Review controls and antibody specificity before counting nuclear-only cells as positive; compare with cytoplasmic staining in an HPA High cell population (general IHC practice; HPA tissue IHC). |
| Adipocytes appear strongly positive. | HPA scores adipocytes Not detected; cross-reactivity or background is possible, but the HPA tissue profile is Uncertain (HPA tissue IHC). | Confirm the stained cell identity, inspect a no-primary control and compare signal with an HPA High population on the same run (general IHC practice; HPA tissue IHC). |
| Brown deposit appears throughout the section. | Nonspecific binding, endogenous enzyme activity or chromogen deposit can raise background in chromogenic IHC (general IHC practice). | Inspect no-primary and detection controls; review blocking, wash steps and chromogen development against the assay instructions (general IHC practice). |
| Signal is present, but its cellular location is unclear. | A paraffin-section chromogen pattern may not resolve individual mitochondria; HPA's approved mitochondrial assignment comes from ICC-IF (HPA subcellular; general IHC practice). | Score the visible cellular compartment conservatively. Use the separate IF/ICC guide for a localisation experiment if mitochondrial assignment is essential (HPA subcellular; general IHC practice). |
| HPA High and Not detected populations stain similarly. | Limited tissue contrast can reflect assay background or the uncertain correspondence between HPA antibody staining and RNA expression (general IHC practice; HPA tissue IHC). | Compare cell types and no-primary controls in the same run; report the observed pattern and HPA's Uncertain reliability instead of assigning expression from colour alone (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing SLC25A37 staining
A10701 · IHCSLC25A37 Antibody (C-term) (Cat. #A10701) IHC analysis in formalin fixed and paraffin embedded brain tissue followed by peroxidase conjugati
A10701 · IFImmunofluorescent analysis of Hela cells, using SLC25A37 Antibody (C-term) . A10701 was diluted at 1:25 dilution. Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000147454-SLC25A37/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_12494385
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000147454-SLC25A37/tissue/colon#imid_12494303
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000147454-SLC25A37/tissue/liver#imid_12494304
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000147454-SLC25A37/tissue/kidney#imid_12494297
HPA · ICC-IF HELHuman Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, HEL, antibody HPA045680; green = SLC25A37, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF HELHuman Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, HEL, antibody HPA045680; green = SLC25A37, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for SLC25A37 IHC & IF
🧪Run bronchus first: respiratory epithelial cells should stain strongly (HPA: High in respiratory epithelial cells). Run adipose tissue as the negative comparator: adipocytes should be near background (HPA: Not detected in adipocytes); on the bronchus slide, cells without epithelial staining should remain near background rather than showing diffuse signal.
Positive control tissue: Bronchus (Respiratory epithelial cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show SLC25A37 in HEL, HeLa, U2OS, with annotated localisation: Mitochondria (approved) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include no-primary (secondary-only) and primary-host-matched isotype controls, plus a SLC25A37 knockout sample as a biological specificity control. For bronchus chromogenic IHC, block endogenous peroxidase and assess any residual background in the no-primary control (standard IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: The selected A10701 caption reports formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissue with peroxidase/DAB detection (A10701 tissue-IHC caption), but reports no fixation duration or target-specific fixation window. Retrieval dependence is unreported; compare retrieval conditions empirically because SLC25A37 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein (UniProt Q9NYZ2 topology). Frozen sections have no demonstrated ease advantage in the supplied evidence; IF/ICC offers a mitochondrial localisation check, with additional cytosolic signal reported (HPA: subcellular localisation). Interpret bronchial epithelial staining against the slide's background controls.
HPA tissue IHC evidence for SLC25A37
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Uncertain — Low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data. Pending external verification.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bronchus | Respiratory epithelial cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cerebellum | Purkinje cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cerebral cortex | Neuropil | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Fallopian tube | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Heart muscle | Cardiomyocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Breast | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Caudate | Glial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Parathyroid gland | Glandular cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Placenta | Trophoblastic cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced SLC25A37 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot SLC25A37 chromogenic IHC by checking retrieval, compartment, controls, and scoring before interpreting tissue staining.
How should I retrieve SLC25A37 in paraffin sections when staining is weak?
Start with citrate buffer at pH 6.0 for heat-induced retrieval at 95–98 °C for 20 min (page retrieval specification). If staining remains weak, vary heating or cooling conditions on matched sections while keeping the antibody and detection settings constant, and document any change from the specified method (standard IHC practice). SLC25A37 has 6 predicted transmembrane segments in the mitochondrial inner membrane, so retrieval performance should be assessed against a plausible intracellular pattern (UniProt Q9NYZ2 topology and subcellular location). Compare signal with a no-primary control and a matched positive section; stronger staining alone does not establish specificity (standard IHC practice).
Could fixation explain weak or uneven SLC25A37 staining?
The A10701 image shows staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissue, but supplies no comparison of fixation conditions, so target-specific fixation sensitivity remains unknown (A10701 tissue-IHC caption). Record fixative, fixation duration, section age, and processing history when comparing samples, because those variables can affect chromogenic IHC performance (standard IHC practice). On matched sections, keep citrate retrieval at pH 6.0, 95–98 °C, and 20 min constant while assessing whether the difference follows the processing batch (page retrieval specification; standard IHC practice). Use comparable controls and review tissue morphology before attributing a weak result to SLC25A37 abundance (standard IHC practice).
Which staining pattern is credible for SLC25A37 in tissue sections?
Expect intracellular staining compatible with mitochondria: SLC25A37 is an inner mitochondrial membrane transporter, while HPA subcellular imaging also reports an additional cytosolic location (UniProt Q9NYZ2 subcellular location; HPA subcellular). Assess staining within identifiable cells rather than treating diffuse tissue color as a mitochondrial pattern, since chromogenic sections may not resolve individual organelles (standard IHC practice). HPA tissue IHC reports cytoplasmic and nuclear expression in most tissues, but assigns its staining an uncertain reliability because antibody staining and RNA data have low consistency (HPA tissue IHC). Treat isolated nuclear dominance as a finding requiring independent validation, and compare matched no-primary and positive controls (UniProt Q9NYZ2 subcellular location; standard IHC practice).
How can isoforms and epitope accessibility complicate the C-terminal antibody result?
The catalog image identifies A10701 as a C-terminal SLC25A37 antibody, but the supplied caption does not map its precise epitope (A10701 tissue-IHC caption). UniProt lists 3 isoforms, numbered 1, 2, and 4, and a 338-residue canonical chain with 6 transmembrane segments (UniProt Q9NYZ2 isoforms, processing, and topology). Without an epitope sequence or isoform alignment, staining cannot establish which isoforms this antibody detects or whether a particular splice form is absent (UniProt Q9NYZ2 isoforms; A10701 tissue-IHC caption). Assess specificity with an independent antibody or a validated biological perturbation, and keep retrieval conditions consistent when comparing sections (standard IHC practice).
How should I check an IF signal before comparing it with chromogenic IHC?
For secondary IF or ICC work, pair SLC25A37 with a marker for the expected cell type and a mitochondrial marker, then inspect each channel and its controls separately (UniProt Q9NYZ2 subcellular location; standard IF practice). Select spectrally separated fluorophores, favoring a red or far-red channel where tissue autofluorescence interferes with shorter wavelengths, and include an unstained specimen (standard IF practice). Because A10701 is described only as C-terminal and the supplied record does not establish which side of the inner membrane contains that epitope, compare mild with stronger permeabilisation while checking mitochondrial structure (A10701 tissue-IHC caption; UniProt Q9NYZ2 topology; standard IF practice). HPA reports mitochondrial and additional cytosolic localisation in ICC/IF, which can guide pattern review (HPA subcellular).
What should I adjust when DAB obscures SLC25A37 staining?
The A10701 tissue image uses a peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody and DAB on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissue (A10701 tissue-IHC caption). Include a no-primary section, block endogenous peroxidase, and compare signal after washing and antibody titration; these are general chromogenic IHC checks, not evidence of a SLC25A37-specific background mechanism (standard IHC practice). If broad color persists in the no-primary section, inspect endogenous enzyme activity, nonspecific secondary binding, and DAB development before interpreting target expression (standard IHC practice). Keep counterstaining and imaging settings comparable across sections so low intracellular signal is not confused with variable background (standard IHC practice).
How should I score SLC25A37 staining across tissue sections? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and intracellular compartment before scoring, and exclude damaged or poorly preserved regions using the same rules for every section (UniProt Q9NYZ2 subcellular location; standard IHC practice). Report an H-score from staining intensity and percentage of positive cells, or report percentage positive within the defined population, with thresholds set on controls before reviewing groups (standard IHC practice). For spatial comparisons, count positive cells per mm² of evaluable tissue and normalise to the same tissue area or to all eligible cells, as appropriate (standard IHC practice). Record retrieval, imaging, and counterstain settings, since HPA tissue IHC reliability is uncertain and intensity alone needs cautious interpretation (page retrieval specification; HPA tissue IHC).
How can I distinguish true SLC25A37 signal from staining artefact?
A credible result combines intracellular staining compatible with a mitochondrial inner membrane protein, an identifiable cell population, and low signal in a no-primary control (UniProt Q9NYZ2 subcellular location; standard IHC practice). Question isolated nuclear staining, staining confined to tissue edges or necrotic regions, and color attributable to endogenous peroxidase or excessive DAB development (UniProt Q9NYZ2 subcellular location; standard IHC practice). Cell context matters: HPA reports high staining in cardiomyocytes and Purkinje cells, yet labels its tissue IHC reliability uncertain because staining and RNA data show low consistency (HPA tissue IHC). Confirm consequential conclusions with an independent specificity control and matched processing before equating staining intensity with transporter activity (standard IHC practice; UniProt Q9NYZ2 function).
Boster reagents
Best SLC25A37 / Mitoferrin-1 IHC Antibodies
The IHC-validated antibody A10701 has IHC data from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissue and IF data from HeLa cells (A10701 image captions). Listed reactivity is human and rat (catalog).
Real IHC data
Anti-SLC25A37 Antibody (C-term)
Cat # A10701
A10701 has an IHC-P image of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissue stained using peroxidase and DAB (A10701 IHC image caption). It also has an IF image of HeLa cells, and its listed applications include IHC-P and IF (A10701 IF image caption; catalog).
Which to pick: For tissue IHC, choose A10701: its own image documents formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissue, and its listed IHC-P dilution is 1:10–1:50 (A10701 IHC image caption; datasheet). For IF/ICC planning, A10701 has IF data in HeLa cells at 1:25 (A10701 IF image caption; datasheet). For human or rat samples, A10701 is the listed rabbit polyclonal option with both IHC-P and IF applications; the supplied images show no rat sample (catalog; A10701 image captions).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q9NYZ2 (MFRN1_HUMAN, Mitoferrin-1).
- Human Protein Atlas. SLC25A37 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Uncertain).
- Human Protein Atlas. SLC25A37 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Mainly localized to the mitochondria. In addition localized to the cytosol..
- Human Protein Atlas. SLC25A37 antibody validation summary (1 antibodies).
- SLC25A37 as a novel therapeutic target for benign prostatic hyperplasia: integrative analyses of single-cell RNA sequencing and genome-wide association studies. Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) 2026 — PMC12917586.
- Deciphering the immunological landscape of HR + metastatic breast cancer: insights from single-cell transcriptomics. Human cell 2026 — PMC13156106.
- Integrated machine learning survival framework develops a prognostic model based on macrophage-related genes and programmed cell death signatures in a multi-sample Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Cell biology and toxicology 2025 — PMC12125160.
- PubMed PMID:10931946 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:15489334 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:17974005 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for SLC25A37 (Mitoferrin-1). Expected localisation Cytoplasmic/nuclear tissue staining (HPA tissue IHC); inner mitochondrial membrane (UniProt). Antigen retrieval: Citrate pH 6.0 HIER, 95–98 °C, 20 min (rule: cytoplasmic / membrane antigen). Validated IHC antibody: A10701 at 1:10-1:50 (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Bronchus (Respiratory epithelial cells); negative Adipose tissue. IHC-P workflow on FFPE sections. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: FFPE tissue sections (datasheet A10701; sample unspecified); 2. Fixation: Image formalin-fixed; duration unreported (datasheet A10701); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat-induced epitope retrieval in citrate buffer, pH 6.0 , 20 min at 95–98 °C…; 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% normal serum of the secondary host, 30 min , room temperature (standard); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-SLC25A37, 1:10-1:50 (datasheet A10701); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (standard). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation consistent across paraffin sections (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Antibody staining and RNA show low consistency (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: 3 isoforms; C-terminal epitope coverage is unreported (UniProt: isoforms; datasheet: C-term); Regulation: ACB10 stabilizes SLC25A37 (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt Q9NYZ2, HPA tissue IHC · Uncertain, HPA ICC-IF · Mainly localized to the mitochondria. In addition localized to the…, Datasheet A10701, PMC13156106. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/SLC25A37/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.