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SLU7 / Pre-mRNA-splicing factor SLU7 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for SLU7
Plan chromogenic SLU7 IHC in paraffin sections using the nuclear and cytoplasmic tissue pattern (HPA tissue IHC). This guide covers the catalog antibody’s 2–5 μg/ml range (datasheet A07557-2) and the uncertain consistency of tissue staining with RNA expression (HPA tissue IHC).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
SLU7 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Nuclear and cytoplasmic (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Most tissues show nuclear and cytoplasmic staining (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A07557-2) | |
| Positive control | Adrenal gland+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Spleen |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Heat shock can shift SLU7 toward the cytoplasm (UniProt) | |
| Regulation | UV-C reduces nuclear SLU7 (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | No isoforms annotated; chain spans aa 2–586 (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended SLU7 IHC & IF Protocols
Compare the catalog antibody’s IHC-P protocol (datasheet A07557-2) with a published SLU7 protocol for paraffin-embedded bladder cancer tissue (PMC10870071).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human thyroid cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A07557-2) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A07557-2); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A07557-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A07557-2) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-SLU7, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A07557-2) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A07557-2) |
| Detection | HRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet A07557-2) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | SLU7-positive staining in glandular cells of adrenal gland (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression in most tissues. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with heat-mediated EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 (datasheet A07557-2); the published protocol used pressure-cooker EDTA retrieval across pH 6.0–9.0 (PMC10870071).
Section 2
What Is the Expected SLU7 Staining Pattern?
SLU7 is predominantly nuclear, with nucleoplasmic and nuclear-speckle localization; cytoplasmic staining is also possible (UniProt O95391 localization; HPA: supported ICC-IF locations). In tissue IHC, expect nuclear and cytoplasmic signal in many cell types, including glandular cells and hepatocytes (HPA: tissue IHC). Treat intensity as provisional because HPA rates tissue staining Uncertain owing to low agreement with RNA expression (HPA: tissue IHC reliability). SLU7 has no transmembrane segment (UniProt O95391 topology).
| Nuclear staining, with possible cytoplasmic signal, in glandular cells or hepatocytes. | This fits the reported tissue pattern and predominantly nuclear localization (HPA: tissue IHC; UniProt O95391 localization). Judge staining within the relevant cell type, since a whole-section impression can hide which cells carry the signal (general IHC interpretation). |
| Strong staining confined to a membrane-like outline, with little nuclear signal. | Treat the compartment mismatch as possible artefact: SLU7 has no transmembrane segment and is predominantly nuclear (UniProt O95391 topology and localization). Cytoplasmic signal alone does not prove an artefact, because it is reported in tissues (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Strong staining mainly in cells expected to be low or unstained. | Check for cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity (general IHC interpretation). HPA reports low staining in bronchial respiratory epithelium and no detection in splenic red-pulp cells; its tissue IHC reliability is Uncertain (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Diffuse color covers cells and spaces without a discernible cellular pattern. | Background may obscure nuclear localization; compare with a no-primary control and inspect whether signal follows tissue structures (general chromogenic IHC practice). A uniform haze does not independently establish SLU7 expression (general IHC interpretation). |
| No signal in a tissue-cell pair reported as high. | First check the staining run and cell identity (general IHC practice). HPA reports high signal in renal tubular cells and hepatocytes, but those observations are provisional because tissue IHC reliability is Uncertain (HPA: tissue IHC). |
💡Expected SLU7 appearanceA plausible positive is predominantly nuclear staining, potentially with cytoplasmic signal, in a reported high-staining cell type such as hepatocytes; membrane-only or structureless diffuse color warrants investigation (UniProt O95391 localization and topology; HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC interpretation).
| Cell type within the section | HPA reports High staining in adrenal, cervical, epididymal and stomach glandular cells, renal tubular cells, hepatocytes and placental decidual cells (HPA: tissue IHC). Score the specified cells rather than treating every cell in those organs as a positive reference (general IHC interpretation). |
| Lower-staining comparators | Appendiceal glandular cells are Medium; bronchial respiratory epithelial cells, prostatic glandular cells and adipocytes are low; splenic red-pulp cells are not detected (HPA: tissue IHC). These are observed staining levels, not guaranteed controls (HPA: tissue IHC reliability: Uncertain). |
| Expected compartment | SLU7 is predominantly nuclear but can occur in cytoplasm (UniProt O95391 localization). HPA describes cytoplasmic and nuclear expression in most tissues (HPA: tissue IHC). Assess both compartments while giving a purely membrane-like pattern extra scrutiny (UniProt O95391 topology; general IHC interpretation). |
| Cellular stress | UV-C reduces nuclear SLU7 concentration; heat shock can move it into cytoplasm and vesicle-like structures (UniProt O95391 localization). These reported responses do not establish what an unstressed paraffin section must show (UniProt O95391 localization; general interpretation). |
| Strength of tissue evidence | HPA rates tissue IHC Uncertain because antibody staining and RNA expression have low consistency (HPA: tissue IHC reliability). HPA035907 is IHC Uncertain; HPA058120 has no listed IHC rating (HPA: antibodies). Interpret a single unexpected tissue result cautiously. |
| IF/ICC Q: Should speckles appear? | A: Nucleoplasm is the supported main location; nuclear speckles are a supported additional location in ICC-IF (HPA: subcellular). This guides compartment interpretation but does not require resolvable speckles in chromogenic tissue IHC (HPA: subcellular; general IHC interpretation). |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Reported high-staining cells show no signal. | The run or cell identification may need checking (general IHC practice); HPA's high calls are provisional (HPA: tissue IHC reliability: Uncertain). | Confirm the expected cell type, review controls, then check the antibody's IHC-P instructions and routine retrieval and detection steps (general IHC practice). No SLU7-specific fixation sensitivity is established by the supplied evidence. |
| Signal is mainly at cell borders. | A border-only pattern conflicts with SLU7's lack of a transmembrane segment and predominant nuclear location (UniProt O95391 topology and localization). | Compare with a no-primary control, inspect nuclear counterstain and reassess the stained structures before calling the result positive (general chromogenic IHC practice). |
| Cytoplasm stains more strongly than nuclei. | Cytoplasmic SLU7 is possible, including after reported stress responses (UniProt O95391 localization), but tissue IHC also shows mixed compartments with uncertain reliability (HPA: tissue IHC). | Check the cellular pattern against a reported high-staining tissue-cell pair and the run controls; record the compartment balance rather than rejecting cytoplasmic signal automatically (HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| Diffuse staining obscures cellular boundaries. | Nonspecific background or endogenous detection activity may contribute (general chromogenic IHC practice). | Review no-primary and detection controls; adjust blocking, washing or detection conditions according to the staining system before interpreting localization (general chromogenic IHC practice). |
| Splenic red-pulp cells stain strongly. | HPA reports them as Not detected, though tissue IHC reliability is Uncertain (HPA: tissue IHC). Cross-reactivity or endogenous activity merits consideration (general IHC interpretation). | Verify the cells being scored, inspect controls and compare staining with a reported high-staining cell type before assigning SLU7 positivity (HPA: tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| Two antibodies give different tissue patterns. | Agreement is not assured: HPA035907 is IHC Uncertain, and HPA058120 has no listed IHC rating (HPA: antibodies). | Document antibody identity, controls, stained cell types and compartments for each run; weigh disagreement against HPA's Uncertain tissue assessment rather than treating either pattern as definitive (HPA: antibodies and tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing SLU7 staining
A07557-2 · IHCIHC analysis of SLU7 using anti-SLU7 antibody (A07557-2). SLU7 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human thyroid cancer tissue. H
A07557-2 · IHCIHC analysis of SLU7 using anti-SLU7 antibody (A07557-2). SLU7 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human colorectal adenocarcinom
A07557-2 · IFIF analysis of SLU7 using anti-SLU7 antibody (A07557-2). SLU7 was detected in an immunocytochemical section of U87 cells. Enzyme antigen ret
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000164609-SLU7/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_9245592
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000164609-SLU7/tissue/colon#imid_9245526
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000164609-SLU7/tissue/liver#imid_9245527
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000164609-SLU7/tissue/kidney#imid_9245528
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA035907; green = SLU7, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA035907; green = SLU7, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for SLU7 IHC & IF
🧪Run kidney first: cells in tubules should stain (HPA: High in kidney tubule cells). Run spleen red pulp as the negative tissue (HPA: Not detected); compare non-tubular cells on the kidney slide with the tubules, but do not treat them as a validated internal negative because no negative kidney cell population is specified (HPA: kidney row).
Positive control tissue: Adrenal gland (Glandular cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Spleen (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show SLU7 in A-431, U-251MG, U2OS, A-549, with annotated localisation: Nucleoplasm (supported) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include no-primary (secondary-only) and host-species-matched rabbit IgG isotype controls, plus SLU7-knockout material as a biological specificity control (caption: rabbit primary; standard IHC practice). For HRP/DAB detection, block endogenous peroxidase in kidney and assess background on the control slides; assess endogenous biotin if using a biotin-based detection system (caption: HRP/DAB; standard IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is unreported, and the selected A07557-2 paraffin-section caption does not state the fixative (caption: fixative unreported). The caption reports heat-mediated EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 for thyroid cancer tissue, but whether SLU7 staining depends on that retrieval in kidney is unreported (caption: EDTA retrieval; HPA: kidney row). Frozen-section feasibility and whether IF is easier are unreported; kidney background from endogenous peroxidase should be checked for chromogenic detection (standard IHC practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for SLU7
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Uncertain — Low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adrenal gland | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cervix | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Epididymis | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Kidney | Cells in tubules | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Liver | Hepatocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spleen | Cells in red pulp | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced SLU7 IHC Tips
Use compartment controls and the documented paraffin-section conditions to troubleshoot SLU7 staining, while treating tissue staining patterns cautiously (HPA: IHC reliability uncertain).
What retrieval should I use if SLU7 staining is weak in paraffin sections?
Start with heat-mediated antigen retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for paraffin sections (datasheet A07557-2). The documented thyroid cancer section then received 10% goat serum block and 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C (caption A07557-2). If signal remains weak, compare retrieval heating and cooling across matched sections while keeping antibody incubation and DAB development constant (standard IHC practice). Include a section processed without primary antibody to check whether stronger retrieval also increases nonspecific detection (standard IHC practice). Assess nuclear staining as well as total intensity, because SLU7 is predominantly nuclear (UniProt O95391).
Could fixation explain weak or uneven SLU7 staining?
The selected image documents a paraffin-embedded thyroid cancer section, but reports neither fixative nor fixation duration (caption A07557-2). Target-specific sensitivity to fixation is therefore unknown; staining patterns and protein annotations cannot establish it (caption A07557-2; UniProt O95391). Compare matched sections with documented processing histories, applying the same EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and detection conditions (datasheet A07557-2; standard IHC practice). Check whether weak staining follows a processing batch, tissue depth, or section edge rather than a cell population (standard IHC practice). Record fixation history before changing primary concentration, so processing variation does not masquerade as biological variation (standard IHC practice).
How should I troubleshoot cytoplasmic SLU7 staining when I expect nuclear signal?
Expect predominantly nuclear SLU7, with nucleoplasmic and nuclear-speckle localisation supported by subcellular imaging (UniProt O95391; HPA: supported locations). Cytoplasmic SLU7 is possible, and nuclear concentration can decrease after UV-C exposure or shift after heat shock (UniProt O95391). In chromogenic sections, compare nuclear and cytoplasmic staining within intact cells, using the counterstain to define nuclear boundaries (standard IHC practice). Document any known stress or handling conditions before assigning a cytoplasmic pattern a biological meaning (UniProt O95391; standard IHC practice). Because tissue IHC staining has uncertain reliability, require reproducible compartment patterns across sections and appropriate controls (HPA: uncertain reliability; standard IHC practice).
Could epitope accessibility or SLU7 variants change my IHC result?
No SLU7 isoforms or annotated domains are listed in the supplied record, and the catalog antibody’s exact epitope is unspecified (UniProt O95391; caption A07557-2). The annotated protein chain spans residues 2–586, with modified residues including phosphoserines at 215, 227, and 235 (UniProt O95391). Those annotations alone do not establish whether fixation or retrieval masks this antibody’s epitope (UniProt O95391; caption A07557-2). First repeat the documented EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and 2 μg/ml primary incubation on matched sections (datasheet A07557-2; caption A07557-2). If staining differs, verify antibody identity and tissue processing before attributing it to a variant or modification (standard IHC practice).
How can IF help investigate a disputed SLU7 IHC pattern?
Use IF as a separate localisation check, since supported subcellular imaging places SLU7 mainly in nucleoplasm and also in nuclear speckles (HPA: supported locations). Multiplex with a marker identifying the expected cell population, and confirm that both signals belong to the same cells (standard IF practice). Choose fluorophores after checking tissue autofluorescence in each channel, especially where background could mimic a cytoplasmic signal (standard IF practice). SLU7 has no annotated transmembrane segment, so permeabilisation must permit access to intracellular, including nuclear, epitopes; the antibody’s exact epitope remains unspecified (UniProt O95391; caption A07557-2). Compare compartment patterns with chromogenic IHC cautiously because tissue IHC reliability is uncertain (HPA: uncertain reliability).
What should I check when SLU7 DAB staining looks diffuse?
The selected chromogenic example used peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody and DAB after primary incubation (caption A07557-2). Check a section without primary antibody and apply a peroxidase block to distinguish detection background from primary-dependent staining (standard IHC practice). Compare diffuse color with the nuclear counterstain: SLU7 is predominantly nuclear, although cytoplasmic localisation can occur (UniProt O95391). The documented section used 10% goat serum block and 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C (caption A07557-2). Keep DAB development consistent across sections, and inspect folds and edges before interpreting apparent widespread expression (standard IHC practice).
How should I score SLU7 staining across tissue sections? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Score the percentage of positive cells and nuclear intensity separately, or calculate a nuclear H-score using intensity categories 0–3 (standard IHC practice). Report cytoplasmic staining separately because SLU7 is predominantly nuclear but can redistribute under stress (UniProt O95391). Define the cell population with morphology and counterstain, then normalise positive counts to all evaluable cells of that population or to evaluable area in mm² (standard IHC practice). Exclude folds, section edges, and necrotic regions using the same rules for every section (standard IHC practice). Keep scoring thresholds and DAB development consistent, and report the tissue IHC reliability limitation alongside comparisons (standard IHC practice; HPA: uncertain reliability).
When is an apparent SLU7-positive cell likely to be an artefact?
A reproducible nuclear pattern in intact, correctly identified cells is consistent with SLU7 localisation, although cytoplasmic staining can also be genuine (UniProt O95391; HPA: supported nucleoplasmic location). Check whether the apparent positive cells match the cell population being assessed rather than adjacent cells (standard IHC practice). Treat staining confined to section edges, folds, or necrosis cautiously and compare it with adjacent intact tissue (standard IHC practice). Signal present without primary antibody suggests detection background, including endogenous peroxidase in a DAB workflow (standard IHC practice). HPA reports low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression, so tissue positivity alone is insufficient to establish specificity (HPA: uncertain reliability).
Boster reagents
Best SLU7 / Pre-mRNA-splicing factor SLU7 IHC Antibodies
A07557-2 has IHC images from human paraffin sections and IF images from human liver cancer paraffin sections and U87 cells (catalog image captions; datasheet: Human reactivity).
Real IHC data
Anti-SLU7 Antibody ®
Cat # A07557-2
A07557-2 is listed for human IHC, ICC and IF (catalog applications; datasheet: Human reactivity). Its IHC captions show human thyroid cancer, colorectal adenocarcinoma and liver cancer paraffin sections; its IF captions show U87 cells and human liver cancer paraffin sections (A07557-2 image captions).
Which to pick: For tissue IHC, choose A07557-2: its paraffin-section captions document EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 and primary antibody at 2 μg/ml; the fixative is unreported (A07557-2 IHC image captions). For IF/ICC, the same rabbit antibody has IF images of U87 cells and human liver cancer paraffin sections, with a listed IF dilution of 5 μg/ml (catalog host and IF image captions; datasheet: 5 μg/ml). Cross-species use is unvalidated in this payload because A07557-2 lists Human reactivity only; no clone is specified (catalog reactivity and clone fields).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry O95391 (SLU7_HUMAN, Pre-mRNA-splicing factor SLU7).
- Human Protein Atlas. SLU7 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Uncertain).
- Human Protein Atlas. SLU7 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Mainly localized to the nucleoplasm. In addition localized to the nuclear speckles..
- Human Protein Atlas. SLU7 antibody validation summary (2 antibodies).
- G3BP1 and SLU7 Jointly Promote Immune Evasion by Downregulating MHC-I via PI3K/Akt Activation in Bladder Cancer. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 2024 — PMC10870071.
- PubMed PMID:10197984 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:15372022 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:15489334 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for SLU7 (Pre-mRNA-splicing factor SLU7). Expected localisation Nuclear and cytoplasmic (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A07557-2). Validated IHC antibody: A07557-2 at 2-5 μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Adrenal gland (Glandular cells); negative Spleen. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human thyroid cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A07557-2); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A07557-2); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A07557-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A07557-2); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-SLU7, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A07557-2); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A07557-2). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Heat shock can shift SLU7 toward the cytoplasm (UniProt); Isoform / epitope: No isoforms annotated; chain spans aa 2–586 (UniProt); Regulation: UV-C reduces nuclear SLU7 (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt O95391, HPA tissue IHC · Uncertain, HPA ICC-IF · Mainly localized to the nucleoplasm. In addition localized to the…, Datasheet A07557-2, PMC10870071. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/SLU7/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.