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ILK / Scaffold protein ILK · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for ILK
This guide maps cytoplasmic ILK staining and positive tissue controls for paraffin IHC (HPA tissue IHC). It covers antibody titration, consistent fixation, and chromogenic scoring (datasheet A02932-3; standard IHC practice).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
ILK Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Cytoplasmic staining in most organs (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Myocyte cytoplasm prominent; cytoplasm in most organs (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A02932-3) | |
| Positive control | Kidney+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Adipose tissue+4 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Antibody staining and RNA show medium consistency (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | No defined intensity regulator (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 3 isoforms; epitope differences unspecified (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended ILK IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody’s IHC-P protocol is accompanied by 4 published ILK IHC protocols (PMC12826184; PMC2588856; PMC4878430; PMC546218).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded mouse colon tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A02932-3) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A02932-3); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A02932-3); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A02932-3) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-ILK, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A02932-3) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A02932-3) |
| Detection | Streptavidin-biotin complex (SABC), DAB chromogen (datasheet A02932-3) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | ILK-positive staining in cells in glomeruli of kidney (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Cytoplasmic expression in most organs, with highest abundance in muscle tissues. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with heat-mediated EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval for the catalog antibody (datasheet A02932-3).
Section 2
What Is the Expected ILK Staining Pattern?
ILK is a cytoplasmic scaffold associated with focal adhesions and other intracellular sites; it has no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q13418 topology and subcellular location). In tissue IHC, expect the clearest signal in skeletal muscle myocytes and kidney glomerular cells, both scored High (HPA tissue IHC). HPA rates its tissue profile Enhanced, while noting medium consistency between staining and RNA data (HPA tissue IHC).
| Strong cytoplasmic staining in skeletal muscle myocytes or kidney glomerular cells, with little diffuse slide background. | This matches two HPA High cell populations and the broad cytoplasmic tissue profile (HPA tissue IHC). Focal adhesion enrichment is plausible from ILK localization, but tissue IHC need not resolve individual adhesion sites (UniProt Q13418; HPA subcellular ICC-IF). |
| Staining appears mainly as a crisp outline around every cell, with little cytoplasmic signal. | Treat a uniform surface-only pattern as suspect: ILK has no transmembrane segment, although it associates with the cell membrane and cortex (UniProt Q13418 topology and subcellular location). Compare compartmental staining with a known-positive section before interpreting the outline as ILK. |
| Strong staining appears in adipocytes or liver cholangiocytes while known-positive cells are weak. | HPA reports ILK as Not detected in those specific cell populations, so this reversal raises cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity as possibilities (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). It does not establish that the entire adipose or liver section must be negative. |
| Brown color is spread across tissue, empty spaces, or the whole section without a clear cell-associated pattern. | Diffuse color is difficult to assign to ILK's reported cytoplasmic distribution (HPA tissue IHC). Check the no-primary detection control, washing, blocking, and chromogen development to distinguish background from cell-associated signal (general IHC practice). |
| No signal is visible in skeletal muscle myocytes or kidney glomerular cells. | Those are HPA High reference populations, so a blank result first calls for a run-level check (HPA tissue IHC). Confirm that a suitable positive section stained in the same run and review retrieval, primary antibody use, and detection steps (general IHC practice). |
💡Expected ILK appearanceCall positive a predominantly cytoplasmic signal in High-scoring skeletal muscle myocytes or kidney glomerular cells (HPA tissue IHC); a uniform cell-outline stain or diffuse tissue-wide color without that pattern warrants investigation (UniProt Q13418 topology; general IHC practice).
| Tissue and cell selection | Use skeletal muscle myocytes or kidney glomerular cells as strong reference populations; HPA scores both High (HPA tissue IHC). Several glandular and hematopoietic populations score Medium, so weaker staining there can still fit the reported profile (HPA tissue IHC). |
| Compartment and topology | ILK is reported at focal adhesions, in cytoplasm, and at additional intracellular sites, with no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q13418). Interpret membrane-adjacent staining in its cellular context rather than requiring a continuous cell-surface rim (UniProt Q13418 topology and subcellular location). |
| HPA IHC evidence | The tissue profile is rated Enhanced but has medium staining–RNA consistency (HPA tissue IHC). CAB004041 carries an IHC Enhanced validation label; that supports pattern interpretation, while the supplied record does not establish equivalence for an unspecified catalog antibody (HPA antibodies). |
| Isoforms and processing | UniProt lists three ILK isoforms and one 1–452 chain, with no signal peptide or propeptide (UniProt Q13418). Without an antibody epitope in the supplied record, isoform coverage cannot be predicted; there is no basis here for a shedding-based staining pattern. |
| Antigen retrieval | For paraffin IHC, compare the catalog antibody's stated retrieval condition with the lab's run conditions and a known-positive section (general IHC practice). The supplied UniProt and HPA records do not report an ILK-specific retrieval requirement or fixation sensitivity. |
| IF/ICC Q&A: should puncta be expected? | Yes, focal adhesion sites are the supported main ICC-IF location; cytosol is also supported, actin filaments approved, and nucleoplasm uncertain (HPA subcellular ICC-IF). This is context for a separate IF/ICC guide, not an IHC protocol option. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Known-positive myocytes and glomerular cells are blank. | The expected High populations failed to stain (HPA tissue IHC); a technical failure is possible (general IHC practice). | Check a same-run positive section, the catalog antibody's IHC-P instructions, retrieval execution, reagent sequence, and detection performance (general IHC practice). Do not infer ILK absence from this run alone. |
| All cells show similar brown color, including HPA Not detected cell populations. | A uniform pattern conflicts with the HPA cell-specific observations; endogenous detection activity or nonspecific binding may contribute (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). | Examine a no-primary control and assess blocking, washes, and detection chemistry; compare cell types within the same section (general IHC practice). |
| Only a sharp continuous cell border stains. | A surface-only pattern needs review because ILK lacks a transmembrane segment, though membrane and cortex association is reported (UniProt Q13418 topology and subcellular location). | Compare cytoplasmic staining in a known-positive section and inspect the no-primary control before assigning the border to ILK (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| Nuclear staining is present alongside cytoplasmic staining. | Nuclear localization is listed by UniProt, while HPA rates ICC-IF nucleoplasmic localization uncertain (UniProt Q13418; HPA subcellular ICC-IF). | Record nuclear and cytoplasmic staining separately, check the no-primary control, and avoid treating nuclear color alone as a definitive positive IHC result (general IHC practice). |
| A Medium-scoring glandular population stains less intensely than skeletal muscle. | That difference can follow HPA's cell-level ratings: several glandular populations are Medium, while skeletal muscle myocytes are High (HPA tissue IHC). | Score the named cell population and compartment rather than requiring equal intensity across organs; compare sections processed in the same run (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| A whole organ is called negative because one listed cell type has no staining. | HPA's Not detected entries refer to specified cells, such as adipocytes or liver cholangiocytes, rather than every cell in those organs (HPA tissue IHC). | Restrict the interpretation to the observed cell population and inspect other cell types individually; use a known-positive section to verify the run (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing ILK staining
A02932-3 · IHCIHC analysis of Integrin Linked ILK using anti-Integrin Linked ILK antibody (A02932-3). Integrin Linked ILK was detected in a paraffin-embed
A02932-3 · IHCIHC analysis of Integrin Linked ILK using anti-Integrin Linked ILK antibody (A02932-3). Integrin Linked ILK was detected in a paraffin-embed
A02932-3 · IFIF analysis of Integrin Linked ILK using anti-Integrin Linked ILK antibody (A02932-3). Integrin Linked ILK was detected in an immunocytochem
A02932-2 · IHCIHC analysis of Integrin linked ILK using anti-Integrin linked ILK antibody (A02932-2). Integrin linked ILK was detected in a paraffin-embed
A02932-2 · IHCIHC analysis of Integrin linked ILK using anti-Integrin linked ILK antibody (A02932-2). Integrin linked ILK was detected in a paraffin-embed
A02932-2 · IFIF analysis of Integrin linked ILK using anti-Integrin linked ILK antibody (A02932-2). Integrin linked ILK was detected in immunocytochemica
M02932-2 · IHCIHC analysis of Integrin linked ILK using anti-Integrin linked ILK antibody (M02932-2). Integrin linked ILK was detected in a paraffin-embed
M02932-2 · IHCIHC analysis of Integrin linked ILK using anti-Integrin linked ILK antibody (M02932-2). Integrin linked ILK was detected in a paraffin-embed
M02932 · IHCImmunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human stomach, using ILK Antibody.
M02932 · IFImmunofluorescent analysis of 293 cells, using ILK Antibody.
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000166333-ILK/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_1374796
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000166333-ILK/tissue/colon#imid_1374714
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000166333-ILK/tissue/liver#imid_1374715
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000166333-ILK/tissue/kidney#imid_1374716
HPA · ICC-IF PODO/TERT256Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, PODO/TERT256, antibody HPA048437; green = ILK, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF PODO/TERT256Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, PODO/TERT256, antibody HPA048437; green = ILK, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for ILK IHC & IF
🧪Run kidney first: cells in glomeruli should stain (HPA: High in kidney glomerular cells). Use adipose tissue as the negative comparison, where adipocytes are not detected (HPA: Not detected in adipocytes); on the kidney slide, unstained neighboring cells can show background, but the supplied HPA row does not establish them as ILK-negative.
Positive control tissue: Kidney (Cells in glomeruli, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show ILK in PODO/TERT256, U2OS, hTERT-RPE1, hTERT-RPE1 (serum starved), NIH 3T3, with annotated localisation: Focal adhesion sites (supported) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary (secondary-only) control, a host- and clonality-matched isotype control, and an ILK-knockout biological negative where available (standard IHC practice; selected caption: rabbit primary antibody). For kidney DAB staining, block endogenous peroxidase and check for endogenous biotin signal with the caption’s biotin-based detection system (standard IHC practice; selected caption: biotinylated secondary and avidin-biotin detection).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window and fixation effect are unreported, and the selected A02932-3 paraffin-section caption does not state the fixative (selected caption: fixative not stated). The caption uses heat-mediated EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0, but does not establish that retrieval is required (selected caption: EDTA retrieval); whether frozen sections or IF are easier is unreported. Kidney background from endogenous peroxidase or biotin should be assessed with the detection controls (standard IHC practice; selected caption: biotin-based DAB detection).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for ILK
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Enhanced — Medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data. Antibody staining in cells/structures not annotated, view images.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kidney | Cells in glomeruli | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Skeletal muscle | Myocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Adrenal gland | Glandular cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bone marrow | Hematopoietic cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Endometrium | Glandular cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Caudate | Glial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cerebellum | Cells in granular layer | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Esophagus | Squamous epithelial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Hippocampus | Glial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced ILK IHC Tips
Use the validated paraffin-section workflow as a starting point, then judge ILK staining by cell type, compartment and appropriate controls.
What retrieval should I try first for weak ILK staining in paraffin sections?
Start with heat-mediated antigen retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 (datasheet A02932-3). In the documented mouse colon section, this retrieval preceded 2 µg/mL primary antibody overnight at 4°C and DAB detection (datasheet A02932-3); keep those conditions consistent while checking whether retrieval improves the signal. If staining remains weak, compare a small retrieval-time series while keeping section thickness, detection and imaging conditions constant (standard IHC practice). Judge improvement in expected cytoplasmic or adhesion-associated staining rather than overall brown intensity, since ILK is mainly cytoplasmic in tissue and associated with focal adhesions (HPA tissue IHC; HPA subcellular).
Could fixation explain weak or uneven ILK staining in my paraffin sections?
Target-specific fixation sensitivity is unknown: the selected paraffin-section caption does not state a fixative (datasheet A02932-3). Record the fixative, fixation duration and tissue thickness for each specimen, then compare sections processed under matched conditions before changing antibody concentration (standard IHC practice). If staining varies within a block, examine tissue edges and centers for processing gradients and use a consistently processed positive-control section in the same run (standard IHC practice). Avoid attributing a weak result to ILK epitope loss without that comparison; the documented protocol establishes EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and 2 µg/mL primary antibody, but provides no fixation comparison (datasheet A02932-3).
Is diffuse cytoplasmic ILK staining plausible when focal adhesions are hard to resolve?
Yes: tissue IHC reports cytoplasmic expression in most organs, while subcellular imaging supports focal adhesion sites and cytosol as ILK locations (HPA tissue IHC; HPA subcellular). UniProt also lists cell cortex, lamellipodium and nucleus among ILK locations, so a membrane-adjacent or occasional nuclear pattern merits careful review rather than automatic rejection (UniProt Q13418 subcellular). In chromogenic sections, first identify the stained cell type and inspect membrane-adjacent versus diffuse cytoplasmic signal at comparable magnification (standard IHC practice). Treat an isolated nuclear-only pattern cautiously because HPA rates nucleoplasmic localisation uncertain, and compare it with a negative reagent control and expected tissue pattern (HPA subcellular; standard IHC practice).
Can epitope choice explain different ILK staining patterns between antibodies?
It can, but an isoform-specific interpretation requires the actual immunogen sequence and evidence that the antibody distinguishes variants (standard IHC practice). ILK has 3 listed isoforms and a protein kinase domain spanning residues 193–446 (UniProt Q13418 isoforms and domains). UniProt also records phosphorylation at residues 173, 186 and 246, plus acetylation at 426; these annotations alone do not establish an effect on this antibody’s staining (UniProt Q13418 modified residues). If two antibodies disagree in matched paraffin sections, check their documented epitopes and retrieval requirements, then compare localisation and cell-type patterns under controlled detection conditions (standard IHC practice).
How should I investigate ILK localisation by multiplex IF after chromogenic IHC?
Use a myocyte marker when examining skeletal muscle, where HPA reports high ILK staining in myocytes, and assess whether ILK signal falls within the expected cells (HPA tissue IHC). Choose spectrally separated fluorophores and place a weaker ILK signal in a far-red channel if tissue autofluorescence compromises shorter wavelengths (standard IF practice). ILK has no transmembrane segment and is reported at focal adhesions, in cytosol and in other intracellular locations, so select permeabilisation for the intracellular epitope being tested (UniProt Q13418 topology; HPA subcellular). Confirm the antibody’s IF suitability and titrate permeabilisation in IF specimens; the paraffin-section caption documents IHC conditions, including 2 µg/mL primary antibody, rather than an IF protocol (datasheet A02932-3).
What should I check when ILK DAB staining appears across the entire section?
Run a no-primary control alongside the ILK section to identify signal arising from the secondary reagent, detection system or tissue (standard IHC practice). The documented workflow used 10% goat serum, biotinylated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody, a streptavidin-biotin complex and DAB, so check blocking and endogenous biotin when diffuse background appears with that system (datasheet A02932-3; standard IHC practice). Include a peroxidase block and inspect the control for endogenous enzyme signal before interpreting brown deposits as ILK (standard chromogenic IHC practice). Reduce primary concentration only after controls identify antibody-dependent background; retain matched exposure and development conditions when comparing tissue compartments (standard IHC practice).
How can I score ILK staining without confusing tissue composition with expression? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and compartment before scoring: HPA describes broadly cytoplasmic tissue staining and reports high signal in skeletal-muscle myocytes and kidney glomerular cells (HPA tissue IHC). For cell-based comparisons, record the percentage of positive cells and an H-score based on intensity categories; apply identical thresholds across slides (standard IHC scoring practice). For focal adhesion-like puncta, consider positive-signal density per mm² of annotated viable tissue, with the same analysis settings for every section (standard image-analysis practice). Normalize each measure to the relevant cell count or annotated tissue area, and report staining by compartment so shifts in cell composition do not masquerade as changes in ILK (standard IHC practice).
How do I distinguish true ILK-positive cells from staining artefacts?
Check whether staining occurs in plausible cells and compartments: ILK is mainly cytoplasmic in tissue, with supported focal adhesion and cytosolic localisation (HPA tissue IHC; HPA subcellular). High staining in skeletal-muscle myocytes or kidney glomerular cells has tissue-IHC support, whereas an unexpected cell pattern needs confirmation with controls (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice). Discount signal confined to section edges, folds or necrotic areas, and compare any brown deposits with a no-primary control to detect endogenous enzyme or detection-system artefact (standard IHC practice). Treat nuclear-only staining cautiously because HPA marks nucleoplasmic localisation uncertain; assess it separately from cytoplasmic staining before drawing a biological conclusion (HPA subcellular).
Boster reagents
Best ILK / Scaffold protein ILK IHC Antibodies
Anti-ILK antibodies have IHC images from human, mouse and rat paraffin sections and IF/ICC images from A431 and 293 cells (catalog: IHC and IF image captions).
Real IHC data
Anti-Integrin linked ILK Antibody ®
Cat # A02932-3
Real IHC data
Anti-Integrin linked ILK Antibody ®
Cat # A02932-2
Real IHC data
Anti-Integrin linked ILK Antibody ® (monoclonal, 3C7E1)
Cat # M02932-2
Real IHC data
Anti-ILK/Integrin Linked Ilk Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody
Cat # M02932
A02932-3 has paraffin-section IHC images from mouse colon, rat kidney, human lung cancer and human renal clear cell carcinoma; A02932-2 has images from human bladder epithelial carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and breast cancer (catalog: each SKU’s IHC captions). M02932-2 has paraffin-section IHC images from human lung carcinoma, human spleen and mouse kidney, while M02932 has a human stomach IHC image; A02932-2 and A02932-3 have A431 IF images, and M02932 has a 293-cell IF image (catalog: each SKU’s image captions).
Which to pick: For human tissue IHC, A02932-2 has several paraffin-section examples; choose M02932-2 if a mouse monoclonal is preferred (catalog: A02932-2 IHC captions; M02932-2 clone 3C7E1 and IHC captions). For IF/ICC, A02932-3 lists both applications and has an A431 IF image (catalog: A02932-3 applications and IF caption). For IHC across human, mouse and rat, A02932-3 has an image in each species; its paraffin-section captions do not report the fixative (catalog: A02932-3 IHC captions).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q13418 (ILK_HUMAN, Scaffold protein ILK).
- Human Protein Atlas. ILK tissue IHC expression (reliability: Enhanced).
- Human Protein Atlas. ILK subcellular location (ICC-IF): Mainly localized to the focal adhesion sites. In addition localized to the nucleoplasm, cytosol and actin filaments..
- Human Protein Atlas. ILK antibody validation summary (2 antibodies).
- The clinical pathological significance of ILK and FABP4 protein expression in EHCC. Medicine 2026 — PMC12826184.
- Expression of integrin-linked kinase and its binding partners in chondrosarcoma: association with prognostic significance. European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) 2008 — PMC2588856.
- Integrin-Linked Kinase in Muscle Is Necessary for the Development of Insulin Resistance in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Diabetes 2016 — PMC4878430.
- Increased expression of integrin-linked kinase is associated with shorter survival in non-small cell lung cancer. BMC cancer 2005 — PMC546218.
- PubMed PMID:8538749 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:10871859 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:14702039 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for ILK (Scaffold protein ILK). Expected localisation Cytoplasmic staining in most organs (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A02932-3). Validated IHC antibody: A02932-3 at 2-5 μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Kidney (Cells in glomeruli); negative Adipose tissue. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded mouse colon tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A02932-3); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A02932-3); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A02932-3); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A02932-3); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-ILK, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A02932-3); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A02932-3). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Antibody staining and RNA show medium consistency (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: 3 isoforms; epitope differences unspecified (UniProt); Regulation: No defined intensity regulator (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt Q13418, HPA tissue IHC · Enhanced, HPA ICC-IF · Mainly localized to the focal adhesion sites. In addition localized…, Datasheet A02932-3, PMC12826184, PMC2588856. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/ILK/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.