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LIMA1 / LIM domain and actin-binding protein 1 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for LIMA1
Plan LIMA1 chromogenic IHC-P around the membranous pattern reported in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC). Start with 2 μg/mL in paraffin sections (datasheet A05231-1), and compare breast glandular cells with heart cardiomyocytes (HPA tissue IHC).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
LIMA1 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Plasma membrane in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Membranous staining in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A05231-1) | |
| Positive control | Appendix+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Caudate+4 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Antibody staining and RNA show medium consistency (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Intensity regulation not established (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 5 isoforms; check epitope coverage; no transmembrane segment (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended LIMA1 IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody protocol is complemented by published LIMA1 IHC methods for head and neck cancer tissue microarrays and liver sections (PMC12340046; PMC11140962).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human lung squamous cell carcinoma tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A05231-1) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A05231-1); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A05231-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A05231-1) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-LIMA1, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A05231-1) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A05231-1) |
| Detection | HRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet A05231-1) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | LIMA1-positive staining in endocrine cells of appendix (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Plasma membrane expression in most tissues. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with the catalog antibody’s heat-mediated EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 (datasheet: A05231-1); the liver study used citrate at pH 6.0 (PMC11140962: Methods).
Section 2
What Is the Expected LIMA1 Staining Pattern?
In paraffin-section IHC, expect LIMA1 mainly along the plasma membrane, with possible cytoskeletal staining (HPA: plasma membrane expression in most tissues; UniProt Q9UHB6: cytoskeleton and cell junction localization). Breast and cervical glandular cells and intestinal endocrine cells are documented strong examples (HPA: High in these cells). HPA rates its tissue IHC evidence Enhanced, with medium consistency between staining and RNA expression (HPA: reliability summary).
| Membrane-associated staining in breast or cervical glandular cells, or in appendix, colon or duodenal endocrine cells. | This fits documented High staining in those specific cell populations (HPA: tissue IHC). Judge the labelled cells, not the organ as a whole; an unstained neighbouring cell type does not by itself contradict the reference pattern (HPA: cell-specific tissue entries). |
| Staining follows cell borders, with some cytoplasmic or filament-associated signal. | A membrane-dominant pattern matches tissue IHC (HPA: plasma membrane expression in most tissues). Cytoplasmic and actin-associated localization is also plausible (UniProt Q9UHB6: cytoplasm and cytoskeleton; HPA: ICC-IF actin filaments supported). Do not require every positive cell to show an exclusively membranous outline. |
| Strong, predominantly nuclear staining replaces the expected membrane-associated pattern. | Treat this as a possible artefact or off-target signal before scoring it as LIMA1: the supplied localizations are membrane, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton and adhesions, with no nuclear location listed (UniProt Q9UHB6: subcellular location; HPA: subcellular summary). Review controls and staining distribution (standard IHC practice). |
| Strong signal appears in a cell population listed as Not detected, such as cardiomyocytes or ovarian stromal cells. | Check for cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity (standard IHC practice). The HPA entries concern Not detected staining in those named cell types, not every cell in heart or ovary (HPA: tissue IHC). Compare with an appropriate control before interpreting the unexpected signal. |
| Diffuse color covers the section, or a documented positive population has no discernible signal. | Diffuse color makes compartment and cell-type scoring unreliable; absent signal in a documented High population leaves assay performance unresolved (standard IHC practice; HPA: tissue IHC). Compare positive and negative controls, then assess background and detection before concluding that the specimen lacks LIMA1. |
💡Expected LIMA1 appearanceCall the result positive when glandular or endocrine cells show clear membrane-associated staining, potentially with cytoskeletal signal, at the documented High level; diffuse section-wide color or dominant nuclear staining is suspect (HPA: tissue IHC and subcellular summary; UniProt Q9UHB6: subcellular location; standard IHC practice).
| Cell population chosen for interpretation | Use a documented High population, such as breast glandular cells or duodenal endocrine cells, to assess whether the assay can reveal the expected pattern (HPA: tissue IHC). HPA also lists Not detected cardiomyocytes and ovarian stromal cells; those labels do not describe whole-organ expression (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Membrane association and topology | A border-associated signal is consistent with the tissue profile, but LIMA1 has no transmembrane segment (HPA: plasma membrane expression in most tissues; UniProt Q9UHB6: topology). Interpret the pattern as localization, not proof that the protein spans the membrane; cytoskeletal and focal-adhesion locations are also reported (UniProt Q9UHB6: subcellular location). |
| Isoforms and antibody validation | UniProt lists 5 isoforms, including Alpha and Beta, so an isoform-specific interpretation requires epitope information that is not supplied here (UniProt Q9UHB6: isoforms). HPA reports Enhanced IHC validation for HPA023871 and HPA052645; that summary does not establish how an unspecified catalog antibody detects each isoform (HPA: antibody validation). |
| IF/ICC Q&A: Should its signal match the IHC slide exactly? | No exact match is established: HPA ICC-IF places LIMA1 mainly at actin filaments (supported) and plasma membrane (uncertain), with supported focal-adhesion and cytosol locations (HPA: subcellular summary). Use that as localization context for this IHC guide, not as an IF/ICC protocol or an equivalence claim. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| No stain in a breast glandular-cell or duodenal endocrine-cell positive reference. | The expected High population is not visible, leaving tissue selection, staining or detection as possibilities (HPA: tissue IHC; standard IHC practice). HPA does not supply a LIMA1-specific fixation or retrieval effect. | Confirm the reference contains the named cells, then check the primary-antibody, detection and counterstain steps with controls (standard IHC practice). If retrieval is adjusted, treat it as general assay optimization, not a demonstrated LIMA1-specific requirement. |
| Uniform brown haze obscures cell borders. | Background from blocking, washing or detection can prevent reliable localization scoring (standard chromogenic IHC practice). The supplied HPA pattern is membrane-associated rather than section-wide (HPA: tissue IHC profile). | Inspect the no-primary control, review blocking and washes, and adjust detection conditions according to the assay controls (standard IHC practice). Score LIMA1 only after cell boundaries and the expected positive population are distinguishable. |
| Nuclei dominate the stain while expected cell borders remain faint. | The compartment conflicts with the reported membrane and cytoskeletal locations (HPA: tissue IHC and subcellular summary; UniProt Q9UHB6: subcellular location). This raises concern for nonspecific signal rather than confirming nuclear LIMA1. | Compare the no-primary control and a documented positive cell population; review staining and detection conditions before assigning positivity (standard IHC practice; HPA: High in breast glandular cells). |
| Cardiomyocytes or ovarian stromal cells stain strongly. | Those specific populations are Not detected in the HPA tissue entries (HPA: tissue IHC). Cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity is possible (standard IHC practice), although other cells in the same organ cannot be judged from those entries. | Identify the stained cell type, compare an appropriate negative control, and check endogenous-activity blocking where relevant to the detection chemistry (standard IHC practice). Do not score the whole organ as discordant from one cell-type observation. |
| Cytoplasmic staining is present without a crisp membrane outline. | LIMA1 has reported cytoplasmic and cytoskeletal locations, so this is not automatically false (UniProt Q9UHB6: subcellular location). Tissue IHC nevertheless describes plasma membrane expression in most tissues (HPA: tissue profile). | Check whether staining follows identifiable cells or structures and compare it with a documented High reference (HPA: tissue IHC; standard IHC practice). If signal remains diffuse, record localization as uncertain rather than forcing a membrane score. |
| Two antibodies give different-looking IHC patterns. | HPA reports Enhanced IHC validation for HPA023871 and HPA052645, but the supplied record does not map their epitopes to LIMA1's 5 isoforms (HPA: antibody validation; UniProt Q9UHB6: isoforms). | Compare each antibody's staining in the same documented positive cell population and against its controls (HPA: tissue IHC; standard IHC practice). Record the discordance; do not attribute it to an isoform or processing event without supporting epitope evidence. |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing LIMA1 staining
A05231-1 · IHCIHC analysis of EPLIN/LIMA1 using anti-EPLIN/LIMA1 antibody (A05231-1). EPLIN/LIMA1 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human lun
A05231-1 · IHCIHC analysis of EPLIN/LIMA1 using anti-EPLIN/LIMA1 antibody (A05231-1). EPLIN/LIMA1 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human onc
A05231-1 · IFIF analysis of EPLIN/LIMA1 using anti-EPLIN/LIMA1 antibody (A05231-1). EPLIN/LIMA1 was detected in an immunocytochemical section of U20S cel
A05231 · IHCImmunohistochemistry of LIMA1 in human colon tissue with LIMA1 antibody at 5 μg/mL.
A05231 · IFImmunofluorescence of LIMA1 in human colon tissue with LIMA1 antibody at 20 μg/mL.
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000050405-LIMA1/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_6156224
HPA · StomachHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Stomach. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000050405-LIMA1/tissue/stomach+1#imid_6156132
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000050405-LIMA1/tissue/colon#imid_6156142
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000050405-LIMA1/tissue/liver#imid_6156151
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA023871; green = LIMA1, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA023871; green = LIMA1, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for LIMA1 IHC & IF
🧪Run breast first and look for staining in its glandular cells (HPA: High in breast glandular cells). Use heart muscle cardiomyocytes as the negative comparator (HPA: Not detected in cardiomyocytes); on the breast slide, assess adjacent non-glandular cells for background, without assuming they are LIMA1-negative (UniProt: low levels in dermal fibroblasts).
Positive control tissue: Appendix (Endocrine cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Caudate (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show LIMA1 in A-431, U-251MG, U2OS, ASC52telo, RPTEC/TERT1, hTERT-RPE1 (serum starved), NIH 3T3, with annotated localisation: Plasma membrane (uncertain), Actin filaments (supported) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary, secondary-only slide, a concentration-matched irrelevant rabbit IgG isotype control in the primary antibody’s confirmed monoclonal or polyclonal format, and a LIMA1 knockout specimen or validated peptide-block control (caption: rabbit primary; standard IHC practice). Quench endogenous peroxidase before DAB detection, especially in blood-containing areas of the breast section (caption: HRP/DAB detection; standard IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is unreported, and the selected A05231-1 tissue-IHC caption does not report a fixative. Heat-mediated EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 and 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C provide a paraffin-section starting point; retrieval dependence is unreported (A05231-1 tissue-IHC caption). The supplied evidence does not establish whether frozen sections or IF are easier; in breast sections, blood-associated peroxidase can complicate DAB interpretation (HPA: High in breast glandular cells; standard IHC practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for LIMA1
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Enhanced — Medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appendix | Endocrine cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Breast | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cervix | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Colon | Endocrine cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Duodenum | Endocrine cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caudate | Glial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cerebral cortex | Endothelial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Heart muscle | Cardiomyocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Hippocampus | Glial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Liver | Cholangiocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced LIMA1 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot chromogenic LIMA1 IHC by checking retrieval, compartment, cell identity and controls before comparing staining across sections.
What retrieval should I try first when LIMA1 staining is weak in paraffin sections?
Start with heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for paraffin sections (datasheet A05231-1). The selected antibody image used that retrieval before overnight incubation at 4°C with 2 μg/ml primary antibody (datasheet A05231-1). Keep section thickness, heating and cooling consistent while comparing a known staining control with the weak specimen (standard IHC practice). If staining remains weak, compare retrieval conditions on adjacent sections while holding antibody concentration and detection constant (standard IHC practice). Judge improvement by cellular staining and preserved morphology, since LIMA1 can localize to actin filaments and the plasma membrane (HPA subcellular).
Can I adjust fixation to recover weak LIMA1 staining?
The selected tissue image identifies a paraffin section but does not report its fixative (datasheet A05231-1). Target-specific fixation sensitivity is therefore unknown; the tissue staining patterns and protein features supplied here do not establish a preferred fixative. Record the specimen’s actual fixative and fixation duration, then compare sections with matched processing when investigating variable staining (standard IHC practice). First repeat the documented EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and 2 μg/ml primary concentration on a suitable control (datasheet A05231-1). If fixation differs between specimens, interpret staining differences cautiously and inspect morphology before attributing them to LIMA1 abundance (standard IHC practice).
Should LIMA1 stain the membrane, cytoplasm or both?
Expect a pattern compatible with actin filaments, focal adhesions, cytosol and plasma membrane, while recognizing that HPA calls its membrane assignment uncertain (HPA subcellular). UniProt also places LIMA1 at stress fibers, cell junctions, ruffles and lamellipodia (UniProt Q9UHB6 subcellular). In chromogenic sections, assess whether staining outlines cells or follows cytoplasmic structures rather than treating all brown signal as equivalent (standard IHC practice). LIMA1 has no transmembrane segment, so membrane-associated staining does not by itself indicate a membrane-spanning protein (UniProt Q9UHB6 topology). Compare the pattern within morphologically intact cells against a matched control section before assigning an unusual compartment (standard IHC practice).
Could an epitope or isoform difference explain discordant LIMA1 staining?
LIMA1 has 5 recorded isoforms, including Alpha and Beta, and a LIM domain at residues 388–448 (UniProt Q9UHB6 isoforms and domains). The supplied antibody caption does not identify its recognized epitope or establish which isoforms it detects (datasheet A05231-1). Do not interpret a weak chromogenic signal as selective loss of one isoform without antibody-specific epitope evidence (standard IHC interpretation). UniProt records multiple modified residues, but this does not establish that any modification alters staining by this antibody (UniProt Q9UHB6 modified residues). If results conflict with another assay, check that assay’s epitope and the sampled cell population before comparing them (standard IHC practice).
How should I follow up an IHC pattern with LIMA1 immunofluorescence?
Use IF as a spatial follow-up to chromogenic IHC, with a marker identifying the expected cell type in a separate channel (standard IF practice). For glandular epithelium, that choice is supported by high HPA staining in breast, cervix and endometrial glandular cells (HPA tissue IHC). Select a fluorophore channel after checking tissue autofluorescence and include single-label controls when multiplexing (standard IF practice). Because LIMA1 has no transmembrane segment and is reported at actin filaments and the cytosol, assess intracellular access when choosing permeabilisation; the antibody’s epitope side is unreported (UniProt Q9UHB6 topology; HPA subcellular; datasheet A05231-1). Confirm the IF pattern independently before comparing it with DAB staining (standard IF practice).
How can I separate LIMA1 staining from chromogenic background?
The selected IHC image used 10% goat serum, a peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody and DAB development (datasheet A05231-1). Run a no-primary control to assess secondary and detection background, and inspect an unstained area for pigment or precipitate (standard IHC practice). Include an endogenous peroxidase block in the HRP workflow and verify that the block reduces tissue-derived signal (standard IHC practice). If diffuse brown staining persists, compare blocking, washing and primary concentration on adjacent sections while retaining the documented EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval (standard IHC practice; datasheet A05231-1). Accept changes only when cellular pattern and morphology remain interpretable (standard IHC practice).
How should I score LIMA1 when staining varies between cell populations? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and compartment before scoring, since HPA reports high staining in several glandular and endocrine populations and variable staining elsewhere (HPA tissue IHC). For intact target cells, record percent positive and intensity, or calculate an H-score from intensity classes 0–3 on a 0–300 scale (standard IHC practice). Normalize positive counts to the number of eligible target cells, or report stained-cell density per mm² of viable target tissue (standard IHC practice). Exclude folds and necrotic areas using the same rules across slides (standard IHC practice). Keep retrieval, detection, imaging and thresholds consistent, and report membrane-associated and cytoplasmic scores separately when both are assessed (standard IHC practice; HPA subcellular).
When is a positive LIMA1 result biologically credible?
A credible result follows intact cells and a plausible LIMA1 compartment, including actin-associated cytoplasm or membrane-associated sites (HPA subcellular; UniProt Q9UHB6 subcellular). Check cell identity: HPA reports high staining in breast glandular cells but no detection in heart cardiomyocytes, so tissue-wide positivity alone is insufficient (HPA tissue IHC). Signal confined to section edges, folds or necrosis warrants repeat examination on intact tissue (standard IHC practice). Brown staining that persists without primary antibody may reflect detection background or endogenous enzyme activity rather than LIMA1 (standard IHC practice). Reconcile unexpected findings with a matched control, morphology and documented processing before assigning biological significance (standard IHC practice).
Boster reagents
Best LIMA1 / LIM domain and actin-binding protein 1 IHC Antibodies
Two human-reactive anti-LIMA1 antibodies have IHC images from lung squamous cell carcinoma and colon tissue, respectively; both also have IF data (catalog: A05231-1 and A05231 image captions).
Real IHC data
Anti-EPLIN/LIMA1 Antibody ®
Cat # A05231-1
Real IHC data
Anti-LIMA1 Antibody
Cat # A05231
A05231-1 has IHC images from paraffin sections of human lung squamous cell carcinoma and kidney oncocytoma, plus IF data from U20S cells (catalog: A05231-1 image captions). A05231 has IHC and IF images from human colon tissue and lists IHC-P and IF applications (catalog: A05231 image captions and applications).
Which to pick: For tissue IHC, choose A05231-1 when an explicitly documented paraffin-section workflow is useful: its lung image caption specifies EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 and 2 μg/mL primary antibody (catalog: A05231-1 IHC caption). For IF/ICC, A05231-1 has a cell-based IF example at 5 μg/mL, while A05231 has a colon-tissue IF example at 20 μg/mL (catalog: respective IF captions). Neither has documented cross-species reactivity; both list human only, and the fixative is unreported in their IHC captions (catalog: reactivity and IHC captions).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q9UHB6 (LIMA1_HUMAN, LIM domain and actin-binding protein 1).
- Human Protein Atlas. LIMA1 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Enhanced).
- Human Protein Atlas. LIMA1 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Mainly localized to the plasma membrane and actin filaments. In addition localized to the cytosol and focal adhesion sites..
- Human Protein Atlas. LIMA1 antibody validation summary (2 antibodies).
- LIMA1-alpha staining predicts curative intent surgery response in HPV negative head and neck cancer. EMBO molecular medicine 2025 — PMC12340046.
- Lipotoxic hepatocyte derived LIMA1 enriched small extracellular vesicles promote hepatic stellate cells activation via inhibiting mitophagy. Cellular & molecular biology letters 2024 — PMC11140962.
- Cancer cell line microarray as a novel screening method for identification of radioresistance biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BMC cancer 2021 — PMC8320194.
- The Relationship between the Prognostic Marker LIMA1 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Immune Infiltration. Journal of oncology 2022 — PMC10175016.
- PubMed PMID:10618726 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:10931946 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:11230166 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for LIMA1 (LIM domain and actin-binding protein 1). Expected localisation Plasma membrane in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A05231-1). Validated IHC antibody: A05231-1 at 2-5 μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Appendix (Endocrine cells); negative Caudate. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human lung squamous cell carcinoma tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A05231-1); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A05231-1); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A05231-1); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A05231-1); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-LIMA1, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A05231-1); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A05231-1). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation conditions consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Antibody staining and RNA show medium consistency (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: 5 isoforms; check epitope coverage; no transmembrane segment (UniProt); Regulation: Intensity regulation not established (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt Q9UHB6, HPA tissue IHC · Enhanced, HPA ICC-IF · Mainly localized to the plasma membrane and actin filaments. In…, Datasheet A05231-1, PMC12340046, PMC11140962. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/LIMA1/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.