Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1)

Dual specificity protein kinase which functions as an important component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Binding of extracellular ligands such as growth factors, cytokines and hormones for their cell-surface receptors activates RAS and this starts RAF1 activation.

RAF1 then additionally activates the dual-specificity protein kinases MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2. Both MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2 function specifically in the MAPK/ERK cascade, and catalyze the concomitant phosphorylation of a threonine and a tyrosine residue in a Thr-Glu-Tyr sequence located in the extracellular signal-regulated kinases MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2, resulting in their activation and additional transduction of the signal inside the MAPK/ERK cascade.