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- Table of Contents
Facts about Sialoadhesin.
Preferentially binds to alpha-2,3-linked sialic acid (By similarity). Binds to SPN/CD43 on T-cells (By similarity).
Human | |
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Gene Name: | SIGLEC1 |
Uniprot: | Q9BZZ2 |
Entrez: | 6614 |
Belongs to: |
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immunoglobulin superfamily |
CD169; FLJ00051; sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 1, sialoadhesin; sialoadhesin; Siglec1; Siglec-1
Mass (kDA):
182.624 kDA
Human | |
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Location: | 20p13 |
Sequence: | 20; NC_000020.11 (3686970..3712600, complement) |
Expressed by macrophages in various tissues. High levels are found in spleen, lymph node, perivascular macrophages in brain and lower levels in bone marrow, liver Kupffer cells and lamina propria of colon and lung. Also expressed by inflammatory macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis.
[Isoform 1]: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; [Isoform 2]: Secreted.
sSIGLEC-1 is a marker that regulates IFN. But how do you use it? What function does it play in interferonopathy How does it impact the activation of monocytes and macrophages? And what are the best uses for this marker? Continue reading to learn more. Here are a few of the most important applications of sSIGLEC-1.
SSIGLEC-1 is an innovative circulating plasma biomarker that detects type I IFN activity. This biomarker can easily be obtained in large quantities and utilized in clinical trials of drugs that affect the IFN signalling pathway. There are a variety of clinical applications for sSIGLEC-1 that are being studied. Here, we discuss the potential applications. The sSIGLEC-1 drug has high reproducibility which will allow its use in clinical trials.
The concentration of sSIGLEC-1 in plasma was associated with the expression of sSIGLEC-1 in monocytes. Therefore the levels of sSIGLEC-1 in plasma indicate the expression of surface SIGLEC-1 in SLE patients' monocytes. However, sSIGLEC-1 levels vary from low levels in healthy donors to high levels in subsets of SLE patients.
The presence of sSIGLEC-1 diseases of inflammation and autoimmune nature could aid in stratification of disease severity. Particularly, the presence this molecule in the serum of patients suffering from rheumatoid joint is associated with increased IFN production. Other possible uses for sSIGLEC-1 are to determine the frequency of congenital heart block in children whose mother had an autoantibody with a positive Ro/SS/A.
Clinical significance can be attributed to the detection of renal complications through the higher sSIGLEC-1 level in SLE patients. Renal complications are among the most serious clinical consequences of SLE. However, the sSIGLEC-1 levels in SLE patients do not correlate with the presence of sSIGLEC-1-producing cells, which could be beneficial to the patient.
By using high-dimensional mapping, have shown that unstimulated ex-vivo-sorted pre-DCs display a high expression of sSIGLEC-1. When activated, these DCs acquire trans-infection capacity. These results are consistent with previous findings regarding these cells in infected T lymphocytes as well as cell lines. This suggests that Siglec-1 plays a key role in the formation VCCs.
sSIGLEC-1 biomarker, which is a biomarker for SLE is a good choice. This marker is associated with IFN transcriptional signatures as well as other factors. However, its correlation with IFN-a isn't high. In addition, this biomarker is extremely variable over time. It isn't necessarily linked with disease activity. It could also be used as an indicator to identify pre-existing conditions , or to look for potential therapeutic targets.
We determined whether SIGLEC1 was a indicator of monocyte-macrophage activation using a cell-based test. Siglec-1 was increased in DCs taken prior to or after antiretroviral therapy. Following treatment with antiretroviral drugs, Siglec-1 expression returned to levels found in HIV-1-negative individuals. Then, we compared monocytes isolated from HIV-1-infected people with DCs obtained before and after suppressive therapy to assess their capacity to absorb VLPs. We discovered that the cells isolated prior to and after suppression therapy had greater capacity to take up VLPs and the complete HIV-1.
In a recent study we found that Siglec-1 is a strong marker for monocyte-macrophaga activation, especially in lymphoid tissues. We also found that mAbs against SIGLEC1 prevented HIV-1 from being caught. Furthermore, we observed that BDCA1-positive cells had a similar phenotype to Siglec-1-positive cells.
Despite its high levels of expression, SIGLEC1 is only a single-copy protein that has similar levels in human and other primates. The expression patterns of the two other variants are different and are yet to be established. Siglec-13 and SIGLEC-14 are present in humans and other primates; however, the human version does not have the ITIM.
The test was optimized for measuring the amount of sSIGLEC1 in blood monocytes as well as IRG transcription. It also revealed ancestry-related variations. Patients from non-European countries had higher sSIGLEC1 than European people with European ancestry. Furthermore, European patients with higher sSIGLEC1 concentrations had lower levels of the complement component of their serum 3 and an increased incidence of renal complications. However, despite its importance, SIGLEC1 is not associated with the SLE Disease Activity Index (SAI).
Although this study is not yet conclusive, the findings are intriguing. SIGLEC1 is a marker of monocyte–macrophage stimulation and has been implicated in host defense against bacterial assault. However more research is needed to determine the precise role of this molecule's role in monocyte-macrophage activation.
The ability of the human immune system to recognize and activate CD169+ macrophages has been proven in experimental studies. The pathways of signaling that are involved in this process are not apparent. Therefore, the determination of SIGLEC1 is crucial to further research. What are the benefits of SIGLEC1 as a marker for monocyte-macrophage activation?
Recent studies have suggested a possible role for SIGLEC1 as a marker for interferonopathy. When compared with patients with an interferonopathy history, those who had low levels of the protein had a reduced chance of developing the disease. The researchers of this study employed the R software to conduct statistical analysis in 656 patients. Researchers also assessed the association between ancestry and the sSIGLEC-1 levels.
Six patients suffering from interferonopathy had elevated SIGLEC1. The patients had higher levels of SIGLEC1 than the control group, but did not have elevated levels of other inflammatory markers that are commonly used. SIGLEC1 expression was significantly higher in patients than healthy controls. The study also revealed that SIGLEC1 levels were higher in SIGLEC1 patients than healthy controls.
Additionally it was observed that the sSIGLEC1 concentration in plasma was correlated with the expression of SIGLEC1 on monocytes. These results suggest that SIGLEC1 could be a unique marker for interferonopathy in SLE patients. These findings support the idea that activated monocytes play a role in the progression of autoimmune diseases. Further research is required to establish the relationship between sSIGLEC1 and PSEP and to determine the diagnostic value of monocytes that are exacerbated. Activation in SLE.
The sSIGLEC1 immunoassay was also designed to detect SIGLEC1 in serum samples. It is extremely sensitive and specific and can be utilized for large sample volumes. Furthermore, this test could be used in clinical trials that seek to modify the IFN signalling pathway. This biomarker could be utilized as a secondary endpoint for patients.
SIGLEC1 can be utilized in clinical settings to identify many autoimmune diseases, including primary Sjogren's syndrome or systemic lupus. SIGLEC1 is also linked to congenital cardiac block. There are a myriad of other autoimmune disorders that are related to the expression of SIGLEC1, including aicardi-Goutieres syndrome.
A study of CD16+ Mo revealed that the expression of SPN/CD43 also known as large sialoglycoprotein was increased. This molecule functions as a ligand for ICAM-1 and plays a role in DC maturation. It also regulates the immunological synapse development. CD47 (receptor to thrombospondin-1), on the other hand, blocks the differentiation of human naive T cells in TH2 effectors. This suppresses the production TNF-a/IL-12.
Furthermore, CD16 Mo expressed genes that are related to the hematopoietic lineage, receptor mediated endocytosis, as well as the cell cycle. They also exhibited distinct expression patterns of lipid-binding proteins like ALDH2A1.
Boster Bio AntiSiglec11 antibody, Catalog Number A12601 reacts with Human but remains stable at -20degC and 4degC temperatures for upto one month. This antibody is packaged in PBS that contains 0.2 percent sodium azide. It is raised against a synthetic peptide spanning the last 50 amino acids of human Siglec11. Although it is possible to purchase blocking peptide Boster Bio, it is made using samples of well-known positive and negative reactions.
Boster scientists can submit their results after completing the tests and receive product credits. This program is open to all scientists across the globe and can also be used to collect specific samples or species. The Boster research results of Boster scientists are published in scientific journals and to industry. These credits are applicable to all scientists. However, scientists must submit their results in writing before they can be credited for their work.
PMID: 11133773 by Hartnell A., et al. Characterization of human sialoadhesin, a sialic acid binding receptor expressed by resident and inflammatory macrophage populations.
PMID: 11214971 by Hattori A., et al. Characterization of long cDNA clones from human adult spleen.