This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website.
- Table of Contents
SMARCA4 / SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 4 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for SMARCA4
Plan chromogenic SMARCA4 IHC around a nuclear staining readout (HPA tissue IHC). Compare defined cell populations and start with the catalog antibody at 1:50 (datasheet M00223).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
SMARCA4 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Nuclei across tissues (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Broad nuclear staining in glandular, glial and other cells (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet M00223) | |
| Positive control | Adrenal gland+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | None in HPA (detected in all 44 tissues); use no-primary + isotype controls |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Many cell types stain; score nuclei by cell population (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Low tissue specificity (HPA tissue RNA) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 5 isoforms; check antibody epitope coverage (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended SMARCA4 IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody’s IHC-P protocol specifies EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval (datasheet M00223). Two published paraffin-section protocols provide additional conditions (PMC4752399; PMC9391575).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human colon cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet M00223) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet M00223); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet M00223); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet M00223) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit monoclonal (clone GFB-19) anti-SMARCA4, 1:50 (datasheet M00223) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet M00223) |
| Detection | HRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet M00223) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | SMARCA4-positive staining in glandular cells of adrenal gland (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Ubiquitous nuclear expression. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with EDTA pH 8.0 HIER for the catalog antibody (datasheet M00223); an ovarian tumor protocol also used EDTA-based heat retrieval (PMC4752399).
Section 2
What Is the Expected SMARCA4 Staining Pattern?
SMARCA4 is a nuclear chromatin-remodeling protein with no transmembrane segment (UniProt P51532: subcellular location and topology). In paraffin-section IHC, expect nuclear staining across many cell types; HPA describes ubiquitous nuclear expression with low tissue specificity and rates its tissue pattern Supported, based on consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression (HPA: tissue IHC).
| Nuclear staining in glandular cells, hematopoietic cells or glia. | This fits the expected compartment (UniProt P51532: nucleus). HPA reports High staining in adrenal and appendix glandular cells, bone-marrow hematopoietic cells, and caudate and cerebral-cortex glia (HPA: tissue IHC). Judge each cell against its nuclear counterstain. |
| Predominantly cytoplasmic or membranous staining with little nuclear signal. | This conflicts with the expected nuclear IHC pattern (UniProt P51532: nucleus; HPA: ubiquitous nuclear expression). Review antibody specificity, detection background and whether the nuclei themselves stained before interpreting it as SMARCA4. |
| Strong staining confined to an unexpected cell population while nearby nuclei remain blank. | Check for cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity (general IHC practice). HPA describes a broad nuclear pattern, so an unexpected cell type alone does not establish a false positive; the compartment and appropriate controls matter (HPA: tissue IHC). |
| Diffuse color over nuclei, cytoplasm and tissue spaces. | A widespread deposit obscures whether staining is nuclear (general chromogenic IHC practice). Review background controls and detection conditions; diffuse color alone cannot establish SMARCA4 expression (UniProt P51532: nucleus). |
| No nuclear staining in a section expected to be positive. | HPA reports High staining in several tissue and cell combinations, including bronchial respiratory epithelial cells and breast adipocytes (HPA: tissue IHC). If the tested section contains a documented positive cell population, investigate the assay before scoring it negative. |
💡Expected SMARCA4 appearanceCall a positive result when chromogen is concentrated in nuclei of appropriate cells, with clearly discernible High staining in an HPA-listed positive population; cytoplasmic or membranous color without nuclear staining is suspect (HPA: tissue IHC; UniProt P51532: nucleus).
| Tissue and cell selection | HPA reports ubiquitous nuclear expression and low tissue specificity, with High staining in selected cell populations (HPA: tissue IHC). Use a listed population as an assay check; do not treat every unlisted tissue as negative. |
| Antibody evidence | CAB004208 has Supported IHC status, while HPA048340 has no IHC status in the supplied antibody list (HPA: antibody validation). A tissue-level Supported rating does not validate every antibody or every staining result. |
| Isoforms and epitope | UniProt lists 5 SMARCA4 isoforms (UniProt P51532: isoforms). The supplied record gives no antibody epitope, so it cannot establish which isoforms a particular IHC antibody detects. |
| Processing and topology | UniProt reports no signal peptide, propeptide or transmembrane segment and describes one chain spanning residues 1–1647 (UniProt P51532: processing and topology). These facts support a nuclear interpretation; they do not specify an antigen-retrieval condition. |
| IF/ICC Q&A: What location should I expect? | HPA reports mainly nucleoplasm, nucleoli fibrillar center and nucleoli rim in ICC-IF, with cytosol listed as an additional location (HPA: subcellular). This is an IF observation, not a paraffin-IHC protocol or a reason to score cytoplasmic-only IHC as positive. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| No signal in an HPA-listed High population. | The IHC run may have failed; the supplied sources do not identify a SMARCA4-specific fixation sensitivity (HPA: tissue IHC). | Confirm that the expected cells are present and review the positive control, primary-antibody conditions, retrieval and detection steps (general IHC practice). Do not infer tissue absence from one failed run. |
| Signal lies mainly outside nuclei. | The pattern disagrees with UniProt nuclear localization and HPA tissue IHC (UniProt P51532: nucleus; HPA: tissue IHC). | Compare with the nuclear counterstain and a primary-omission control; assess whether the signal is nonspecific or comes from detection reagents (general IHC practice). |
| Only one unexpected cell population stains. | The broad HPA profile does not make an unlisted population inherently negative (HPA: ubiquitous nuclear expression). Cross-reactivity or endogenous activity remains possible (general IHC practice). | Check whether staining is nuclear, then compare the population with controls and a documented positive population before assigning a cell-specific interpretation. |
| Diffuse chromogen obscures cell boundaries. | Excess background or endogenous enzyme activity can interfere with chromogenic IHC interpretation (general IHC practice). | Inspect primary-omission and detection controls; review blocking, washing, antibody dilution and chromogen development against the assay instructions (general IHC practice). |
| A tested antibody gives a different pattern from the tissue reference. | HPA's tissue pattern does not establish IHC performance for every antibody; the supplied list marks CAB004208 Supported for IHC and gives HPA048340 no IHC status (HPA: antibody validation). | Check the chosen antibody's IHC validation and controls. Avoid transferring the Supported designation or a staining conclusion between antibodies. |
| Nucleolar or cytosolic IF detail seems inconsistent with the IHC slide. | HPA's finer subcellular locations come from ICC-IF, while its tissue IHC profile is described as nuclear (HPA: subcellular; HPA: tissue IHC). | Score the paraffin IHC slide for interpretable nuclear staining. Consult the separate IF/ICC guide for that application's localisation and controls. |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing SMARCA4 staining
M00223 · IHCIHC analysis of SMARCA4/BRG1 using anti-SMARCA4/BRG1 antibody (M00223). SMARCA4/BRG1 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human co
M00223 · IHCIHC analysis of SMARCA4/BRG1 using anti-SMARCA4/BRG1 antibody (M00223). SMARCA4/BRG1 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human co
A00223-1 · IHCIHC analysis of BRG1 using anti-BRG1 antibody (A00223-1). BRG1 was detected in paraffin-embedded section of human intestinal cancer tissue.
A00223-1 · IHCIHC analysis of BRG1 using anti-BRG1 antibody (A00223-1). BRG1 was detected in paraffin-embedded section of human intestinal cancer tissue.
A00223-1 · IFIF analysis of BRG1 using anti-BRG1 antibody (A00223-1) BRG1 was detected in immunocytochemical section of U20S cell. Enzyme antigen retriev
M00223-1 · IHCIHC analysis of BRG1 using anti-BRG1 antibody (M00223-1). BRG1 was detected in paraffin-embedded section of human lung cancer tissue. Heat m
M00223-1 · IHCIHC analysis of BRG1 using anti-BRG1 antibody (M00223-1). BRG1 was detected in paraffin-embedded section of human rectal cancer tissue. Heat
A00223 · IHCImmunohistochemistry of SMARCA4 in rat brain tissue with SMARCA4 antibody at 5 μg/mL.
A00223 · IHCImmunohistochemistry of SMARCA4 in rat brain tissue with SMARCA4 antibody at 5 μg/mL.
A00223 · IFImmunofluorescence of SMARCA4 in mouse testis tissue with SMARCA4 antibody at 20 μg/ml. Green: SMARCA4 Antibody (A00223) Blue: DAPI staining
M00223-3 · IHCRat stomach was stained with anti-BRG1 rabbit antibody
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000127616-SMARCA4/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_1788852
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000127616-SMARCA4/tissue/colon#imid_1788794
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000127616-SMARCA4/tissue/liver#imid_1788795
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000127616-SMARCA4/tissue/kidney#imid_1788788
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody CAB004208; green = SMARCA4, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody CAB004208; green = SMARCA4, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for SMARCA4 IHC & IF
🧪Run appendix first: its glandular cells should show nuclear SMARCA4 staining (HPA: High in appendix glandular cells; UniProt: nucleus). HPA detects SMARCA4 in all 44 scored tissues, so there is no HPA-supported negative tissue; use no-primary and isotype controls, and treat any counterstain-only nuclei on the positive slide as visually negative without assuming they are a validated negative cell type (HPA: no negative rows; standard IHC interpretation).
Positive control tissue: Adrenal gland (Glandular cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: None in HPA: SMARCA4 is detected in all 44 scored tissues. Use a no-primary (secondary-only) and an isotype control instead.
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show SMARCA4 in A-431, U-251MG, U2OS, PC-3, KOLF2.1J, NIH 3T3, with annotated localisation: Nucleoplasm (supported), Nucleoli fibrillar center (supported), Nucleoli rim (supported) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Run a no-primary (secondary-only) control, a concentration-matched rabbit isotype control, and SMARCA4 knockout material as a biological negative if available (caption: rabbit primary; standard IHC controls). Quench endogenous peroxidase in the appendix section before HRP/DAB detection to limit background (caption: HRP/DAB; standard IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: No target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is reported, and the paraffin-section caption does not state a fixative (caption: fixative unreported). The catalog IHC example used heat retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0, but that example does not establish that retrieval is required under every condition (caption: EDTA heat retrieval). The supplied evidence does not establish frozen sections or IF as easier; in appendix, assess nuclear glandular staining separately from possible endogenous-peroxidase background (HPA: High in appendix glandular cells; caption: HRP/DAB; standard IHC practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for SMARCA4
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Supported — High consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adrenal gland | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Appendix | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bone marrow | Hematopoietic cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Breast | Adipocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bronchus | Respiratory epithelial cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| None in HPA: SMARCA4 is detected in all 44 scored tissues. Use a no-primary (secondary-only) and an isotype control instead. | ||||
Section 3
Advanced SMARCA4 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot SMARCA4 chromogenic IHC in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, nuclear localisation, antibody specificity, controls and scoring before interpreting apparent loss.
How should I optimise retrieval when SMARCA4 nuclear staining is weak?
Start with heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 (datasheet M00223). The selected paraffin-section example used that retrieval before overnight primary incubation at 4°C with antibody M00223 at 1:50 (datasheet M00223). If nuclei remain weak, compare a controlled range of heating and cooling conditions while keeping section thickness, antibody incubation and chromogen development consistent (standard IHC practice). Include an on-slide tissue control with expected nuclear staining, and assess whether any adjustment improves nuclear signal without increasing diffuse background or tissue damage (HPA: ubiquitous nuclear expression; standard IHC practice).
Could fixation explain weak or absent SMARCA4 staining?
Target-specific sensitivity to fixation is unknown from the supplied evidence; the selected paraffin-section caption does not state its fixative (datasheet M00223). Record the actual fixative and fixation interval for each specimen, then compare sections processed and stained together using the same EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval (datasheet M00223; standard IHC practice). Check morphology and nuclear staining in an on-slide control before attributing a negative region to SMARCA4 loss (HPA: ubiquitous nuclear expression; standard IHC practice). If fixation histories differ, treat differences in signal cautiously and repeat with matched processing where possible, since the available caption cannot establish how this antigen responds to fixation (datasheet M00223; standard IHC practice).
What staining pattern should I expect for SMARCA4 in tissue sections?
Score SMARCA4 primarily in nuclei: UniProt places it in the nucleus, and tissue IHC reports ubiquitous nuclear expression (UniProt P51532; HPA: tissue IHC profile). Examine intact cell nuclei at high magnification before accepting a weak or patchy signal, and compare neighbouring cell populations within the same section (standard IHC practice). HPA subcellular imaging supports nucleoplasmic and nucleolar locations, but those finer patterns come from ICC/IF and need not resolve clearly in chromogenic paraffin sections (HPA: subcellular). Predominantly cytoplasmic DAB, extracellular deposits or staining confined to damaged section edges warrants a check of background, morphology and controls before biological interpretation (UniProt P51532: nuclear localisation; standard IHC practice).
Can this stain distinguish SMARCA4 isoforms or modified epitopes?
Do not assign an isoform from nuclear staining alone: the supplied record lists 5 SMARCA4 isoforms, while the selected caption does not identify the antibody epitope (UniProt P51532: isoforms; datasheet M00223). The record also lists modified residues, including phosphothreonine at position 11 and acetyllysine at position 188, without establishing their effect on this antibody’s staining (UniProt P51532: modified residues; datasheet M00223). If an isoform-specific conclusion matters, obtain the antibody’s mapped epitope and compare it with the isoform sequences before designing controls (standard IHC practice). Report the result as SMARCA4 immunoreactivity unless that specificity has been established experimentally (standard IHC practice).
How should I investigate a chromogenic IHC result with multiplex IF?
Use IF/ICC as a separate confirmation experiment, since this page’s selected antibody evidence describes chromogenic staining of a paraffin section (datasheet M00223). Pair SMARCA4 with a validated marker for the cell population under study and a nuclear counterstain so that nuclear signal can be assigned to individual cells (UniProt P51532: nuclear localisation; standard IF practice). Choose fluorophores after checking tissue autofluorescence in unstained controls, and use spectral separation and single-label controls when multiplexing (standard IF practice). Because SMARCA4 is nuclear and has no transmembrane segment, optimise permeabilisation for access to nuclear antigen while preserving morphology; establish IF fixation and antibody conditions independently (UniProt P51532: localisation and topology; standard IF practice).
What should I check when SMARCA4 DAB staining looks diffuse?
First compare the diffuse signal with intact nuclei, because tissue IHC describes SMARCA4 as ubiquitously nuclear (HPA: tissue IHC profile). The selected example used 10% goat serum blocking, a 1:50 primary antibody incubation overnight at 4°C, and DAB detection (datasheet M00223). Check a no-primary control, endogenous peroxidase blocking, washing and chromogen development to identify nonspecific or enzyme-derived colour (standard chromogenic IHC practice). Review folds, damaged edges and necrotic areas separately from preserved tissue, then adjust one staining variable at a time while retaining an on-slide positive control (standard IHC practice).
How should I quantify heterogeneous SMARCA4 nuclear staining? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define eligible, morphologically intact cells and score nuclear staining only, consistent with the reported tissue pattern (HPA: ubiquitous nuclear expression; standard IHC practice). For intensity-based analysis, calculate an H-score as 1 × % weak + 2 × % moderate + 3 × % strong, using the same thresholds across specimens (standard IHC scoring practice). Alternatively, report the percentage of positive nuclei or positive nuclear density per mm², with the denominator specified as eligible cells or analysed tissue area (standard IHC practice). Stratify distinct cell populations and exclude folds, necrosis and section edges; compare runs against a consistently processed on-slide control before attributing score shifts to biology (standard IHC practice).
When does absent SMARCA4 staining suggest genuine loss?
Consider genuine loss when a morphologically preserved cell population lacks nuclear signal while an internal or on-slide control retains clear nuclear staining under the same run conditions (HPA: ubiquitous nuclear expression; standard IHC practice). Evaluate neighbouring stromal and epithelial cells separately, since the supplied record describes SMARCA4-associated patterns involving stroma and epithelial cells in colon contexts (UniProt P51532: tissue specificity). Reject apparent loss confined to necrosis, folds or section edges until tissue integrity and staining controls are satisfactory (standard IHC practice). Cytoplasmic haze or DAB in a no-primary control points to artefact or endogenous enzyme activity and should not be scored as SMARCA4-positive nuclei (UniProt P51532: nuclear localisation; standard IHC practice).
Boster reagents
Best SMARCA4 / SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 4 IHC Antibodies
Catalog antibodies have IHC images from human, mouse and rat tissues, plus IF images from mouse testis and cultured cells (catalog image captions).
Real IHC data
Anti-BRG1 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody
Cat # M00223
Real IHC data
Anti-BRG1/SMARCA4 Antibody ®
Cat # A00223-1
Real IHC data
Anti-BRG1 SMARCA4 Antibody ® (monoclonal, 3F4)
Cat # M00223-1
Real IHC data
Anti-Transcription activator BRG1 SMARCA4 Antibody
Cat # A00223
Real IHC data
Anti-BRG1 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody
Cat # M00223-3
M00223 shows IHC in human colon cancer, A00223-1 in human intestinal cancer, and M00223-1 in human lung cancer, all in paraffin sections (each SKU’s IHC image caption). A00223 shows IHC in rat brain and mouse testis, while M00223-3 shows staining in rat stomach (each SKU’s IHC image caption).
Which to pick: For human tissue IHC, M00223 is a rabbit monoclonal with a paraffin-section image using EDTA retrieval and 1:50 primary antibody (M00223 catalog entry; M00223 IHC image caption); the fixative is unreported (M00223 IHC image caption). For IF/ICC, A00223-1 has a cultured-cell IF image at 2 μg/mL and lists both applications (A00223-1 IF image caption; A00223-1 catalog entry). For IHC across human, mouse and rat samples, A00223-1 has paraffin-section images from all three species with citrate retrieval, and its listed IHC range is 0.5–1 μg/mL; the fixative is unreported (A00223-1 IHC image captions; A00223-1 catalog entry).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry P51532 (SMCA4_HUMAN, SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 4).
- Human Protein Atlas. SMARCA4 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Supported).
- Human Protein Atlas. SMARCA4 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Mainly localized to the nucleoplasm, nucleoli fibrillar center and nucleoli rim..
- Human Protein Atlas. SMARCA4 antibody validation summary (2 antibodies).
- Loss of SMARCA4 Expression Is Both Sensitive and Specific for the Diagnosis of Small Cell Carcinoma of Ovary, Hypercalcemic Type. The American journal of surgical pathology 2016 — PMC4752399.
- [Analysis of Clinicopathologic Features of 9 Cases of SMARCA4-deficient Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer 2022 — PMC9411953.
- Esophageal carcinoma with SMARCA4 mutation: a narrative review for this rare entity. Translational gastroenterology and hepatology 2024 — PMC11074479.
- Comprehensive genomic profiling of Finnish lung adenocarcinoma cohort reveals high clinical actionability and SMARCA4 altered tumors with variable histology and poor prognosis. Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) 2022 — PMC9391575.
- PubMed PMID:8232556 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:8208605 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:11085541 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for SMARCA4 (SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 4). Expected localisation Nuclei across tissues (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet M00223). Validated IHC antibody: M00223 at 1:50 (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Adrenal gland (Glandular cells); negative None in HPA (detected in all 44 tissues); use no-primary + isotype controls. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human colon cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet M00223); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet M00223); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet M00223); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet M00223); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit monoclonal (clone GFB-19) anti-SMARCA4, 1:50 (datasheet M00223); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet M00223). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation consistent across sections. (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Many cell types stain; score nuclei by cell population (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: 5 isoforms; check antibody epitope coverage (UniProt); Regulation: Low tissue specificity (HPA tissue RNA). Evidence: UniProt P51532, HPA tissue IHC · Supported, HPA ICC-IF · Mainly localized to the nucleoplasm, nucleoli fibrillar center and…, Datasheet M00223, PMC4752399, PMC9391575. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/SMARCA4/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.