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STRIP2 / Striatin-interacting protein 2 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for STRIP2
Plan STRIP2 chromogenic IHC in paraffin sections using cytoplasmic staining in neuronal and stromal cells as a reference (HPA tissue IHC). Compare cell types within each section and titrate the catalog antibody within 2–5 μg/ml (datasheet A12139).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
STRIP2 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Cytoplasmic in neuronal and stromal cells (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Neuronal and stromal cells show cytoplasmic staining (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A12139) | |
| Positive control | Cerebellum+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Adipose tissue+4 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep fixation consistent across sections (standard IHC practice; not target-specific) | |
| Caveat | Adipocytes may be unstained (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Expression regulation not annotated (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 2 isoforms; epitope differences unspecified (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended STRIP2 IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody’s IHC-P protocol is accompanied by published STRIP2 IHC methods for NSCLC and HCC specimens (PMC9837939; PMC12598350).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human breast cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A12139) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A12139); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A12139); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet A12139) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-STRIP2, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A12139) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A12139) |
| Detection | HRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet A12139) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | STRIP2-positive staining in purkinje cells of cerebellum (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Cytoplasmic expression in neuronal cells and stromal compartments. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with EDTA pH 8.0 HIER (datasheet A12139). The HCC article reports antigen retrieval without specifying conditions (PMC12598350).
Section 2
What Is the Expected STRIP2 Staining Pattern?
STRIP2 is cytoplasmic and has no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q9ULQ0). In tissue IHC, expect cytoplasmic staining in neuronal cells and stromal compartments, including Purkinje cells and testicular peritubular cells with High reported staining (HPA tissue IHC). HPA rates the tissue profile Approved, pending external verification; use it as a reference pattern rather than a universal result for every antibody (HPA tissue IHC).
| Cytoplasmic staining is strong in cerebellar Purkinje cells, cerebral cortical or hippocampal neurons, or testicular peritubular cells (HPA tissue IHC). | This matches HPA's High staining in those specific cell populations and its cytoplasmic tissue profile (HPA tissue IHC). Score the named cells and their compartment, rather than treating all cells in a positive tissue as equally positive (general IHC practice). |
| The dominant signal is nuclear or sharply confined to a cell membrane instead of cytoplasmic (UniProt Q9ULQ0; HPA tissue IHC). | That pattern conflicts with UniProt's cytoplasmic location and lack of a transmembrane segment, and with HPA's cytoplasmic IHC profile (UniProt Q9ULQ0; HPA tissue IHC). Check counterstain, morphology and detection controls before assigning the signal to STRIP2 (general IHC practice). |
| Strong staining appears in adipocytes or in cervical glandular cells (HPA tissue IHC). | HPA reports STRIP2 as Not detected in those particular cell types, so this is a discordant result, not proof of target expression (HPA tissue IHC). Examine antibody-independent detection activity and possible cross-reactivity using appropriate controls (general IHC practice). |
| Colour spreads across extracellular space, tissue edges or many unrelated cell types, obscuring cell boundaries (general IHC practice). | This is diffuse background, which cannot establish STRIP2 localisation. Review detection and blocking controls, reagent concentration, washing and section morphology before scoring cells; those checks are general IHC practice, not an HPA finding. |
| A cerebellar Purkinje-cell section has no convincing cytoplasmic signal (HPA tissue IHC). | The result conflicts with HPA's High Purkinje-cell staining, but does not by itself show that STRIP2 is absent (HPA tissue IHC). Confirm the expected cells are present, then examine the assay controls and retrieval or detection conditions (general IHC practice). |
💡Expected STRIP2 appearanceCall a result positive when identifiable Purkinje cells, cortical or hippocampal neurons, or testicular peritubular cells show clear cytoplasmic staining; HPA reports High staining in these cells, while dominant nuclear or membrane-only colour is discordant (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q9ULQ0).
| Cell-specific reference pattern | HPA reports High staining in Purkinje cells, cortical and hippocampal neurons, and testicular peritubular cells; caudate neurons are Medium (HPA tissue IHC). Compare identified cells, since intensity across whole tissues is not an interchangeable measure (general IHC practice). |
| Reference limits and antibody validation | The tissue profile is Approved but pending external verification; antibody HPA019657 has IHC Approved status, not IHC Enhanced status (HPA tissue IHC; HPA antibodies). This supports a reference pattern, not independent confirmation for a different catalog antibody. |
| Cellular location and topology | UniProt places STRIP2 in cytoplasm, notes enrichment in lamellipodia, and lists no transmembrane segment (UniProt Q9ULQ0). The HPA tissue profile is cytoplasmic; it does not require visibly resolved lamellipodia in paraffin sections (HPA tissue IHC). |
| Isoforms and protein processing | UniProt lists two isoforms, no signal peptide or propeptide, and one annotated chain spanning residues 1–834 (UniProt Q9ULQ0). Without an epitope map for the IHC antibody, these facts cannot establish which isoforms it detects or predict a tissue-specific loss of staining. |
| IF/ICC Q&A: where should signal appear? | HPA reports approved cytosolic localisation in ICC-IF images from A-431, U-251MG and U2OS; UniProt also notes lamellipodial enrichment (HPA subcellular; UniProt Q9ULQ0). These IF observations can guide compartment interpretation, but do not specify an IHC-P retrieval or staining protocol. |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| No staining in morphologically identifiable cerebellar Purkinje cells (HPA tissue IHC). | Target-specific fixation effects are not established by the supplied assay evidence. Verify with a matched IHC source before attributing a result to fixation. | Verify section identity and morphology, positive-control performance, primary-antibody application and detection; review retrieval according to the antibody's IHC-P instructions (general IHC practice). |
| Predominantly nuclear staining in cells expected to show cytoplasmic signal (UniProt Q9ULQ0; HPA tissue IHC). | The compartment disagrees with both reference sources; counterstain or nonspecific detection may be mistaken for target staining (general IHC practice). | Check the counterstain and a control omitting primary antibody, then assess whether cytoplasmic signal remains in identifiable positive cells (general IHC practice). |
| Strong colour in cervical glandular cells or adipocytes (HPA tissue IHC). | Those specified cell types are Not detected in HPA; cross-reactivity or antibody-independent detection activity is possible (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). | Confirm cell identity, compare a primary-omission control, and reassess the signal alongside a known-positive cell population (general IHC practice). |
| Diffuse colour obscures individual cells across the section (general IHC practice). | Background from detection reagents, inadequate blocking or washing, or an overly concentrated primary antibody may obscure localisation (general IHC practice). | Inspect reagent-only controls; adjust blocking, washing or antibody concentration according to the assay controls and IHC-P instructions (general IHC practice). |
| A low-signal cell population is treated as a negative control (HPA tissue IHC). | HPA lists low staining in lung macrophages and several epithelial or glandular cell populations, which differs from its Not detected category (HPA tissue IHC). | Use the HPA cell-level category when choosing comparators, and record cell identity before judging a slide negative (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| An IF/ICC image looks cytosolic, but a tissue IHC section seems to show a different compartment (HPA subcellular; HPA tissue IHC). | HPA's ICC-IF location is approved cytosol, while its tissue profile is cytoplasmic; image type and cell context differ (HPA subcellular; HPA tissue IHC). | Judge each assay against its own controls and identifiable cells; use the shared cytoplasmic expectation without importing an IF protocol into IHC-P (HPA subcellular; HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing STRIP2 staining
A12139 · IHCIHC analysis of FAM40B/STRIP2 using anti-FAM40B/STRIP2 antibody (A12139). FAM40B/STRIP2 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human
A12139 · IHCIHC analysis of FAM40B/STRIP2 using anti-FAM40B/STRIP2 antibody (A12139). FAM40B/STRIP2 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000128578-STRIP2/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_5245904
HPA · CerebellumHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebellum. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000128578-STRIP2/tissue/cerebellum#imid_5245907
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000128578-STRIP2/tissue/colon#imid_5245838
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000128578-STRIP2/tissue/liver#imid_5245823
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA019657; green = STRIP2, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF A-431Human Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, A-431, antibody HPA019657; green = STRIP2, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for STRIP2 IHC & IF
🧪Run cerebellum first and assess cytoplasmic staining in Purkinje cells (HPA: High in Purkinje cells; UniProt Q9ULQ0: cytoplasm). Use adipose tissue as the negative tissue and assess its adipocytes (HPA: Not detected in adipocytes); on the cerebellum slide, compare Purkinje cells with neighboring cells that lack specific staining, without assuming a named neighboring cell type is negative.
Positive control tissue: Cerebellum (Purkinje cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show STRIP2 in A-431, U-251MG, U2OS, with annotated localisation: Cytosol (approved) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary (secondary-only) control, host- and isotype-matched nonimmune rabbit IgG, and STRIP2 knockout material or peptide competition if the immunizing peptide is available (selected SKU caption: rabbit primary antibody). For chromogenic cerebellum IHC, block endogenous peroxidase and assess neuronal pigment as a possible source of apparent DAB signal (standard IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is unreported, and the selected A12139 paraffin-section caption does not state the fixative (selected SKU caption: fixative unreported). That caption reports heat retrieval in EDTA, pH 8.0, but does not establish whether retrieval is required for cerebellum (selected SKU caption: breast cancer tissue). Neither frozen sections nor IF can be called easier from the supplied evidence; ICC-IF images in A-431, U-251MG and U2OS offer a separate cytosolic localization check, with neuronal autofluorescence a consideration for cerebellar IF (HPA: Cytosol, approved; HPA: ICC-IF image cell lines; standard IF practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for STRIP2
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Approved — Pending external verification.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cerebellum | Purkinje cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cerebral cortex | Neuronal cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Hippocampus | Neuronal cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Testis | Peritubular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Caudate | Neuronal cells | Medium | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Breast | Adipocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Cervix | Glandular cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Colon | Endothelial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Fallopian tube | Glandular cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced STRIP2 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot STRIP2 staining in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, cell type, cytoplasmic localisation, and controls before scoring chromogenic signal.
What retrieval should I use when STRIP2 staining is weak in paraffin sections?
Start with heat mediated antigen retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for paraffin sections (datasheet A12139). The selected tissue image used this retrieval before staining a human breast cancer section (caption A12139). Keep heating and cooling conditions consistent across test and control sections, then compare signal in the same cell type (standard IHC practice). If staining remains weak, optimize heating duration on serial sections while checking that tissue structure and nuclear detail remain intact (standard IHC practice). Record retrieval conditions alongside antibody concentration because a change in either can alter the apparent staining pattern (standard IHC practice).
Could fixation explain weak or uneven STRIP2 staining?
Target specific fixation sensitivity for STRIP2 is unknown from the supplied evidence; the selected paraffin section caption does not state its fixative (caption A12139). Record the fixative, time in fixative, and processing history for each specimen before comparing staining intensity (standard IHC practice). Compare serial sections from similarly processed blocks when optimizing retrieval or antibody conditions, and inspect morphology for processing damage (standard IHC practice). If sections differ in staining, repeat the comparison with matched handling before attributing the difference to STRIP2 abundance (standard IHC practice). The cytoplasmic annotation and phosphoserine sites do not establish a STRIP2 specific fixation effect (UniProt Q9ULQ0).
Where should convincing STRIP2 staining appear in tissue sections?
Evaluate STRIP2 primarily as a cytoplasmic signal: UniProt places it in the cytoplasm, with enrichment in lamellipodia, and HPA reports cytoplasmic tissue staining (UniProt Q9ULQ0; HPA tissue IHC). HPA identifies cytosol as its approved subcellular location in cell images (HPA subcellular). In tissue, assess signal within recognizable cells before assigning it to a compartment; thin processes and section geometry can make boundaries difficult to judge (standard IHC practice). Prioritize the expected cell population, such as cerebellar Purkinje cells or cerebral cortical neurons, when reviewing controls (HPA tissue IHC). A predominantly nuclear or crisp membrane rim pattern warrants rechecking specificity and counterstain alignment (UniProt Q9ULQ0; standard IHC practice).
Can this stain distinguish STRIP2 isoforms or phosphorylation states?
Do not assign an isoform from this IHC signal alone: STRIP2 has 2 annotated isoforms, while the supplied antibody caption does not identify its epitope (UniProt Q9ULQ0; caption A12139). The record lists phosphoserines at positions 318, 329, and 354, but provides no evidence that A12139 distinguishes modified from unmodified STRIP2 (UniProt Q9ULQ0; caption A12139). Check an epitope map or independently validated isoform selective reagent before making an isoform claim (standard IHC practice). Use matched retrieval conditions when comparing samples, since tissue processing can change epitope accessibility (standard IHC practice). Report the result as STRIP2 immunoreactivity unless selectivity has been established (standard IHC practice).
How should I check a STRIP2 pattern by multiplex immunofluorescence?
Pair STRIP2 with a marker that identifies the cell type being assessed, such as an appropriate neuronal marker when examining neuronal staining (HPA tissue IHC; standard IF practice). Choose spectrally separated fluorophores and place the weaker signal in a channel with low tissue autofluorescence, then inspect unstained and single label controls (standard IF practice). STRIP2 is cytoplasmic and has no annotated transmembrane segment, so use permeabilisation suited to an intracellular epitope and confirm that it preserves cell boundaries (UniProt Q9ULQ0; standard IF practice). Compare the fluorescent pattern with the expected cytosolic localisation, including possible lamellipodial enrichment where cell shape permits assessment (HPA subcellular; UniProt Q9ULQ0). Treat IF conditions as a separate optimization from the A12139 paraffin IHC procedure (caption A12139; standard IF practice).
How can I reduce diffuse or patchy DAB background?
Begin by checking tissue folds, drying, incomplete washing, and overly concentrated primary antibody on a matched section (standard IHC practice). The selected A12139 image used 10% goat serum blocking and 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C; these are documented starting conditions, not guaranteed optima for every specimen (caption A12139). Include a no primary control to reveal signal from the detection system, and block endogenous peroxidase before HRP and DAB development (standard chromogenic IHC practice). Shorten DAB development if deposits obscure cell boundaries, while processing controls for the same duration (standard IHC practice). Judge remaining signal against the expected cytoplasmic pattern rather than overall brown intensity (UniProt Q9ULQ0; standard IHC practice).
How should I score STRIP2 staining across tissue samples? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and tissue region before scoring, because HPA reports different levels across neuronal, stromal, and other compartments (HPA tissue IHC). Within that population, record the percentage of positive cells and intensity; an H-score sums percentage at each intensity grade and ranges from 0–300 (standard IHC scoring practice). Alternatively, count positive cells per mm² when cell density is the question (standard IHC scoring practice). Normalize area based counts to evaluable tissue area and report exclusions for folds, necrosis, or missing tissue (standard IHC practice). Keep retrieval, DAB development, imaging, and scoring thresholds consistent across compared sections (standard IHC practice).
What separates plausible STRIP2 positivity from staining artefact?
Plausible staining should track recognizable cytoplasm in an appropriate cell population: HPA reports high signal in cerebellar Purkinje cells and cortical neurons, and UniProt places STRIP2 in the cytoplasm (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt Q9ULQ0). Review strong nuclear rims, section edges, folds, and necrotic areas as possible artefacts before scoring them (standard IHC practice). A no primary control helps identify endogenous enzyme or detection reagent signal after HRP and DAB development (standard IHC practice). The A12139 breast cancer image demonstrates staining in that sampled tumour section, whereas HPA reports no detection in normal breast adipocytes; those observations concern different cells (caption A12139; HPA tissue IHC). Resolve unexpected patterns with morphology, controls, and an independent specificity check (standard IHC practice).
Boster reagents
Best STRIP2 / Striatin-interacting protein 2 IHC Antibodies
A12139 has paraffin-section IHC images from human breast cancer and mouse cerebellum (catalog image captions). No IF/ICC image or application is listed (catalog applications and images).
Real IHC data
Anti-FAM40B/STRIP2 Antibody ®
Cat # A12139
A12139 is listed for IHC in human, mouse and rat samples (catalog applications and reactivity). Its IHC images show human breast cancer and mouse cerebellum paraffin sections (catalog image captions).
Which to pick: For tissue IHC, choose A12139: its paraffin-section images use 2 μg/ml antibody after EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 (A12139 image captions). A12139 lists human, mouse and rat reactivity, but the pictured IHC examples cover human and mouse only (catalog reactivity; A12139 image captions). No listed SKU supports an IF/ICC recommendation; A12139 is rabbit hosted, its clonality is unreported, and the fixative used for its paraffin sections is unreported (catalog host and applications; A12139 image captions).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q9ULQ0 (STRP2_HUMAN, Striatin-interacting protein 2).
- Human Protein Atlas. STRIP2 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Approved).
- Human Protein Atlas. STRIP2 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to the cytosol..
- Human Protein Atlas. STRIP2 antibody validation summary (1 antibodies).
- STRIP2 motivates non-small cell lung cancer progression by modulating the TMBIM6 stability through IGF2BP3 dependent. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 2023 — PMC9837939.
- STRIP2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and immune evasion: a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. Journal of gastrointestinal oncology 2025 — PMC12598350.
- PubMed PMID:10574461 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:12853948 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:15489334 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for STRIP2 (Striatin-interacting protein 2). Expected localisation Cytoplasmic in neuronal and stromal cells (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A12139). Validated IHC antibody: A12139 at 2-5 μg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Cerebellum (Purkinje cells); negative Adipose tissue. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human breast cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A12139); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A12139); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A12139); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet A12139); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-STRIP2, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A12139); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet A12139). Watch for: Fixation: Keep fixation consistent across sections (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Caveat: Adipocytes may be unstained (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: 2 isoforms; epitope differences unspecified (UniProt); Regulation: Expression regulation not annotated (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt Q9ULQ0, HPA tissue IHC · Approved, HPA ICC-IF · cytosol., Datasheet A12139, PMC9837939, PMC12598350. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/STRIP2/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.