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TNFSF12 / Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12 · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for TNFSF12
Plan chromogenic TNFSF12 IHC-P with the catalog antibody at 5–10 μg/mL on formaldehyde-fixed paraffin sections (datasheet A02009-2). Compare staining with the reported cytoplasmic tissue pattern, while accounting for uncertain tissue IHC reliability and a secreted form (HPA tissue IHC).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
TNFSF12 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Cytoplasmic staining in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Staining pattern | Cytoplasmic staining in most tissues; plasma positivity (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | Citrate pH 6 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A02009-2) | |
| Positive control | Adrenal gland+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | Bone marrow+4 more · see all |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Formaldehyde-fixed paraffin sections were used (selected-SKU IHC image A02009-2) | |
| Caveat | Secreted protein can complicate RNA–protein correlation (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Expression regulation unspecified (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | 2 isoforms; secreted form lacks the cytoplasmic epitope (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended TNFSF12 IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody protocol uses citrate pH 6 retrieval (datasheet A02009-2). The published protocol below provides an IHC workflow for FFPE tumor and mucosal sections (PMC13371701).
| Sample | Formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded human brain tissue (datasheet A02009-2) |
| Fixation | Image formalin-fixed; duration unreported (datasheet A02009-2); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: Citrate pH 6 (datasheet A02009-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% serum (datasheet A02009-2) |
| Primary antibody | Rabbit anti-TNFSF12, 5-10 μg/mL (datasheet A02009-2) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (standard) |
| Detection | HRP-polymer secondary, DAB chromogen 5–10 min (standard) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | TNFSF12-positive staining in glandular cells of adrenal gland (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Cytoplasmic expression in most tissues. Positivity in plasma. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with heat-mediated citrate retrieval at pH 6: it matches both the catalog antibody datasheet (A02009-2) and the published protocol (PMC13371701).
Section 2
What Is the Expected TNFSF12 Staining Pattern?
TNFSF12 can be membrane-associated or secreted (UniProt O43508 topology and processing). In tissue IHC, expect mainly cytoplasmic staining in cell populations reported positive by HPA, including glandular cells, cardiomyocytes and skeletal myocytes (HPA tissue IHC). HPA also reports plasma positivity, so extracellular signal needs context (HPA tissue IHC). Treat the pattern as provisional: HPA rates tissue reliability Uncertain because the antibodies may detect proteins from more than one gene (HPA tissue IHC).
| Cytoplasmic staining in duodenal or small-intestinal glandular cells, cardiomyocytes, or skeletal myocytes (HPA tissue IHC). | These are reported high-staining cell populations (HPA tissue IHC). A cytoplasmic pattern fits the tissue survey (HPA tissue IHC), although UniProt also places membrane-form TNFSF12 at the cell membrane and describes a secreted form (UniProt O43508 topology and processing). Neither the compartment nor a high score alone proves that the antibody detects TNFSF12 specifically: HPA rates tissue reliability Uncertain (HPA tissue IHC). |
| A sharply nuclear-only pattern in an otherwise positive cell population. | Nuclear-only staining falls outside HPA’s mainly cytoplasmic tissue profile and UniProt’s membrane/secreted annotation (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt O43508 subcellular location). Suspect an artefact or an unintended target before assigning biological meaning. Compare with a no-primary control and the expected cell distribution (general IHC practice); the supplied sources do not establish a nuclear TNFSF12 pattern. |
| Strong staining confined to a cell population HPA reports as not detected, such as liver cholangiocytes (HPA tissue IHC). | That distribution conflicts with the reported cell-level result (HPA tissue IHC). Cross-reactivity is plausible given HPA’s multi-gene targeting caution; endogenous chromogenic detection activity is another general IHC possibility (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). Neither cause follows from the image alone. Check detection controls and antibody specificity before scoring those cells as positive. |
| Color spread diffusely across cells, stroma, and nominally negative regions. | An indiscriminate deposit is less consistent with HPA’s reported cell-type differences, including high glandular staining and undetected cholangiocytes (HPA tissue IHC). Diffuse color may reflect detection background or extracellular material; plasma positivity is reported, and TNFSF12 has a secreted form (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt O43508 processing). Use morphology and controls to distinguish these possibilities (general IHC practice). |
| No signal in a reported high-staining control, such as heart cardiomyocytes (HPA tissue IHC). | First question whether the IHC run worked: inspect the control section, detection reagents, and antigen-retrieval settings against the antibody’s validated IHC procedure (general IHC practice). A failed positive control prevents interpretation of a negative study section. Persistent failure may reflect antibody performance; HPA marks its listed IHC antibody HPA052967 Uncertain (HPA antibodies). |
💡Expected TNFSF12 appearanceCall a result provisionally positive when staining is mainly cytoplasmic in an HPA high-scoring cell population, such as duodenal glandular cells or cardiomyocytes; isolated strong nuclear or indiscriminate staining needs investigation (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt O43508 subcellular location).
| Antibody specificity and validation | HPA rates tissue reliability Uncertain, cautions that antibodies target proteins from more than one gene, and lists HPA052967 IHC as Uncertain (HPA tissue IHC; HPA antibodies). Interpret location and intensity alongside controls; apparent agreement with a reported pattern does not independently verify target identity (general IHC practice). |
| Membrane form, shedding, and epitope position | UniProt describes a membrane chain spanning residues 1–249, an extracellular region at 43–249, and a secreted chain at 94–249 (UniProt O43508 topology and processing). Whether an antibody detects both forms depends on its epitope, which is not supplied here. Extracellular color cannot by itself distinguish secreted TNFSF12 from background. |
| Isoforms | UniProt lists two isoforms, including TWE-PRIL (UniProt O43508 isoforms). The payload gives no isoform-specific antibody recognition. Avoid assigning a tissue pattern to one isoform from IHC appearance alone; record the antibody’s documented epitope or isoform coverage if available (general IHC practice). |
| Tissue and cell choice | HPA reports high IHC staining in heart cardiomyocytes but no detection in lung alveolar cells or spleen red-pulp cells (HPA tissue IHC). UniProt reports high expression in lung and spleen at the tissue level (UniProt O43508 tissue specificity). These statements address different measurements and populations; select and score controls at the specified cell level. |
| IF/ICC interpretation? | HPA reports vesicular ICC-IF localization as approved, with a caution that antibodies target proteins from multiple genes (HPA subcellular). Vesicular IF can inform a compartment check, but it does not establish the expected chromogenic IHC pattern or resolve the tissue antibody’s Uncertain reliability (HPA subcellular; HPA tissue IHC). |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| High-staining reference tissue is blank (HPA tissue IHC). | The run may have failed at detection or retrieval, or the antibody may perform poorly in this preparation (general IHC practice). HPA lists its IHC antibody as Uncertain (HPA antibodies). | Review the positive-control section and reagent steps, then repeat using the antibody’s documented IHC conditions (general IHC practice). Withhold a negative call on study tissue until the reference stains. |
| Nominally negative cells stain strongly, such as liver cholangiocytes (HPA tissue IHC). | Cross-reactivity is credible under HPA’s multi-gene targeting caution; endogenous detection activity can also produce color (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). | Run a no-primary control and assess whether color follows the suspect cells or the detection chemistry (general IHC practice). Keep the finding provisional until antibody specificity is supported. |
| Staining is predominantly nuclear. | This differs from HPA’s cytoplasmic tissue profile and UniProt’s membrane/secreted annotation (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt O43508 subcellular location). | Check morphology, no-primary control, and the distribution in a reported positive tissue (general IHC practice). Do not score isolated nuclear color as the expected TNFSF12 pattern. |
| Color is diffuse across tissue and control regions. | General detection background is possible (general IHC practice). Plasma positivity and a secreted TNFSF12 form also complicate extracellular interpretation (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt O43508 processing). | Compare no-primary and positive-tissue sections; assess whether color tracks recognizable cells, plasma, or the whole section (general IHC practice). Resolve diffuse background before scoring intensity. |
| Lung or spleen appears negative despite UniProt’s high tissue-expression listing (UniProt O43508 tissue specificity). | HPA reports no detection specifically in lung alveolar cells and spleen red-pulp cells; its tissue IHC reliability is Uncertain (HPA tissue IHC). | Identify and score the sampled cell population, then compare the corresponding HPA cell-level result (HPA tissue IHC). Avoid treating a tissue-wide expression listing as a guarantee of staining in every cell. |
| A reported high-staining population shows variable intensity between sections (HPA tissue IHC). | Section-to-section staining variability or differing cell composition may affect an IHC comparison (general IHC practice); the supplied sources give no TNFSF12-specific fixation sensitivity. | Compare the same cell population on concurrently processed positive controls and review the documented IHC procedure (general IHC practice). Report the observed range rather than assuming that a processing step changed TNFSF12 epitope access. |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing TNFSF12 staining
A02009-2 · IHCImmunohistochemistry Validation of TWEAK in Human Brain Tissue Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human brain tissue using an
A02009-2 · IHCImmunohistochemistry Validation of TWEAK in Mouse Brain Tissue Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded mouse brain tissue using an
A02009-2 · IFImmunofluorescence Validation of TWEAK in Mouse Brain Tissue Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed mouse brain tissue labe
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000239697-TNFSF12/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_1635872
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000239697-TNFSF12/tissue/colon#imid_1635790
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000239697-TNFSF12/tissue/liver#imid_1635807
HPA · PancreasHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Pancreas. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000239697-TNFSF12/tissue/pancreas#imid_1635750
HPA · ICC-IF SH-SY5YHuman Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, SH-SY5Y, antibody HPA035984; green = TNFSF12, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF SH-SY5YHuman Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, SH-SY5Y, antibody HPA035984; green = TNFSF12, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for TNFSF12 IHC & IF
🧪Run duodenum first and score its glandular cells, which should stain (HPA: High in duodenal glandular cells). Use salivary gland glandular cells as the tissue negative (HPA: Not detected); on the duodenum slide, assess neighboring stromal cells as internal background controls, without assuming they are TNFSF12-negative.
Positive control tissue: Adrenal gland (Glandular cells, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Bone marrow (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show TNFSF12 in SH-SY5Y, SK-MEL-30, U2OS, with annotated localisation: Vesicles (approved) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary, secondary-only slide and a concentration-matched isotype control of the primary antibody’s host species and immunoglobulin class (standard IHC practice). Process a TNFSF12-knockout specimen in parallel as a biological specificity control, and block endogenous peroxidase before chromogenic detection in duodenum (standard IHC practice).
⚠️Feasibility: No target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is reported in the supplied evidence; the selected-SKU fixative metadata says the fixative is unreported, although the brain IHC caption mentions formaldehyde without a fixation duration (selected-SKU caption and fixative metadata). Heat retrieval in citrate buffer at pH 6 is documented for that paraffin-section example, but retrieval dependence has not been established (selected-SKU caption). Frozen sections and IF cannot be judged easier from the supplied evidence; for duodenum, check that staining follows glandular cell boundaries rather than luminal material or nonspecific chromogen deposit (standard IHC practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for TNFSF12
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Uncertain — Caution, targets protein from more than one gene. At least one protein variant secreted, tissue location of RNA and protein might differ and correlation is complex. Pending external verification.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adrenal gland | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Duodenum | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Heart muscle | Cardiomyocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Rectum | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Skeletal muscle | Myocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bone marrow | Hematopoietic cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Liver | Cholangiocytes | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Lung | Alveolar cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Nasopharynx | Respiratory epithelial cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Salivary gland | Glandular cells | Not detected | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Section 3
Advanced TNFSF12 IHC Tips
Troubleshoot TNFSF12 staining in paraffin sections by checking retrieval, compartment, controls, and scoring before interpreting chromogenic signal.
Which retrieval should I try first if TNFSF12 staining is weak?
Start with heat-mediated antigen retrieval in citrate buffer at pH 6 (datasheet A02009-2). The selected paraffin-section example used this retrieval before overnight primary-antibody incubation at 4°C (datasheet A02009-2). If signal remains weak, compare a second retrieval condition on serial sections while holding antibody concentration and detection constant (standard IHC practice). Include a section processed without primary antibody to identify staining introduced by the detection system (standard IHC practice). Because the published tissue profile carries an Uncertain reliability rating, stronger staining alone does not establish that the signal is TNFSF12 (HPA tissue IHC).
How should I assess whether fixation is masking TNFSF12?
Target-specific sensitivity of TNFSF12 staining to fixation is unknown from the supplied evidence. For paraffin-section IHC, compare sections with documented fixation histories and process them with the same citrate retrieval at pH 6 (standard IHC practice; datasheet A02009-2). Inspect morphology alongside signal: poor preservation, uneven staining, or staining confined to tissue edges can make a fixation comparison misleading (standard IHC practice). Keep section thickness, antibody incubation, and chromogen development consistent across the comparison (standard IHC practice). Record fixation conditions before attributing a difference in staining to TNFSF12 abundance (standard IHC practice).
Should TNFSF12 appear at the membrane or in the cytoplasm?
Assess both membrane-associated and extracellular signal: TNFSF12 has a membrane form and a secreted form beginning at residue 94 (UniProt O43508 processing). Its transmembrane segment spans residues 22–42, with residues 43–249 extracellular (UniProt O43508 topology). The tissue IHC profile describes mostly cytoplasmic staining and plasma positivity, but its reliability is Uncertain because antibody recognition may include proteins from more than one gene (HPA tissue IHC). Compare stained structures with a no-primary control and tissue morphology before assigning a compartment (standard IHC practice). Diffuse extracellular chromogen cannot, by location alone, distinguish secreted TNFSF12 from nonspecific deposition (UniProt O43508 processing; standard IHC practice).
Can this stain distinguish membrane TNFSF12 from its secreted form?
Do not assign membrane versus secreted TNFSF12 from chromogenic staining unless the antibody epitope is known and form-specific recognition has been demonstrated (UniProt O43508 processing; standard IHC practice). The membrane chain spans residues 1–249, whereas the secreted chain spans 94–249 (UniProt O43508 processing). An epitope shared within residues 94–249 could detect both chains, subject to accessibility after fixation and retrieval (UniProt O43508 processing; standard IHC practice). The record also lists 2 isoforms, including TWE-PRIL, so check the stated immunogen or mapped epitope before making isoform claims (UniProt O43508 isoforms; standard IHC practice).
How can I use IF to check the compartment suggested by IHC?
Use IF as a complementary localisation check, multiplexing TNFSF12 with a validated marker for the cell type being evaluated in the IHC section (standard IF practice). Choose fluorophores after inspecting unstained tissue autofluorescence, and place the weaker expected signal in a cleaner spectral channel (standard IF practice). Permeabilisation should follow the mapped epitope: residues 1–21 are cytoplasmic, whereas residues 43–249 are extracellular on the membrane form (UniProt O43508 topology). Compare permeabilised and nonpermeabilised preparations if epitope access is uncertain (standard IF practice). The reported vesicular IF location has a cross-gene antibody caution, so colocalisation alone is insufficient confirmation (HPA subcellular).
How do I separate weak TNFSF12 staining from chromogenic background?
Run a no-primary section through the same secondary antibody, peroxidase block, and chromogen steps to expose detection-related background (standard IHC practice). The selected tissue example used 10% serum blocking for 1 hour at room temperature, followed by overnight primary incubation at 4°C (datasheet A02009-2). Check whether adjusting primary concentration reduces diffuse staining while preserving a reproducible cellular pattern (standard IHC practice). Review tissue edges, damaged areas, and deposits separately from intact cells because these can accumulate misleading chromogen (standard IHC practice). Plasma positivity is reported, but the tissue IHC profile has Uncertain reliability, so do not treat diffuse plasma staining as proof of specificity (HPA tissue IHC).
What should I quantify when TNFSF12 staining is heterogeneous? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the cell population and compartment before scoring, then record the percentage of positive cells and staining intensity or calculate an H-score (standard IHC practice). For spatial comparisons, report positive-cell density per mm² of viable tissue and normalise counts to the area actually assessed (standard IHC practice). Keep retrieval at citrate pH 6, detection, counterstain, and scoring thresholds consistent across compared sections (datasheet A02009-2; standard IHC practice). Score extracellular or plasma-associated signal separately from cell-associated staining because TNFSF12 has a secreted form and plasma positivity is reported (UniProt O43508 processing; HPA tissue IHC). Interpret numerical differences cautiously given the Uncertain tissue IHC reliability rating (HPA tissue IHC).
What would make a positive TNFSF12 stain convincing?
Look for a reproducible pattern in intact cells that remains distinguishable from the no-primary control under the same chromogenic conditions (standard IHC practice). TNFSF12 can be membrane-associated or secreted, so membrane-adjacent, cytoplasmic, and extracellular signal require different interpretations rather than one universal compartment rule (UniProt O43508 subcellular location and processing). Scrutinise strong tissue-edge staining, necrotic regions, and signal from endogenous peroxidase before calling cells positive (standard IHC practice). Compare apparent cell identity with morphology and, when needed, an independently validated cell marker on adjacent sections (standard IHC practice). The HPA tissue profile is rated Uncertain and cautions about cross-gene antibody recognition, limiting conclusions from a single stain (HPA tissue IHC).
Boster reagents
Best TNFSF12 / Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12 IHC Antibodies
A02009-2 has IHC data from formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded human and mouse brain tissue and IF data from paraformaldehyde-fixed mouse brain tissue (catalog image captions).
Real IHC data
Anti-TWEAK TNFSF12 Antibody
Cat # A02009-2
A02009-2 is listed for IHC-P and IF in human and mouse, with IHC images from human and mouse brain tissue (catalog applications/reactivity; IHC captions). Its IF image shows mouse brain tissue (IF caption).
Which to pick: Choose A02009-2 for paraffin-section IHC in human or mouse brain: both captions report formaldehyde fixation, citrate-buffer heat retrieval and overnight primary incubation (IHC captions). For IF, A02009-2 has a mouse brain image at 20 μg/mL; ICC validation is unreported (IF caption; catalog application list). It is the listed cross-species IHC choice because its reactivity includes human and mouse and its IHC captions show both species (catalog reactivity; IHC captions).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry O43508 (TNF12_HUMAN, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12).
- Human Protein Atlas. TNFSF12 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Uncertain).
- Human Protein Atlas. TNFSF12 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to vesicles. Caution: Based on antibodies targeting proteins from multiple genes..
- Human Protein Atlas. TNFSF12 antibody validation summary (2 antibodies).
- A Transcriptomic Analysis of Cancer-Stromal Interactome in Lung Cancer Xenograft Models. Cancer science 2026 — PMC12951093.
- Construction and Validation of Angiogenesis-Related Prognostic Risk Signature to Facilitate Survival Prediction and Biomarker Excavation of Breast Cancer Patients. Journal of oncology 2022 — PMC9045999.
- APOE+ macrophages induce tumor cell metastatic characteristics via TNFSF12/TNFRSF12A signaling, correlating with poor patient prognosis. Cancer cell international 2026 — PMC13371701.
- Endothelial AGGF1 promotes retinal angiogenesis by coordinating TNFSF12/FN14 signalling. Nature communications 2025 — PMC11794540.
- PubMed PMID:9405449 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:9560343 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:12411489 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for TNFSF12 (Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12). Expected localisation Cytoplasmic staining in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC). Antigen retrieval: Citrate pH 6 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A02009-2). Validated IHC antibody: A02009-2 at 5-10 μg/mL (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Adrenal gland (Glandular cells); negative Bone marrow. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded human brain tissue (datasheet A02009-2); 2. Fixation: Image formalin-fixed; duration unreported (datasheet A02009-2); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: Citrate pH 6 (datasheet A02009-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% serum (datasheet A02009-2); 8. Primary antibody: Rabbit anti-TNFSF12, 5-10 μg/mL (datasheet A02009-2); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (standard). Watch for: Fixation: Formaldehyde-fixed paraffin sections were used (selected-SKU IHC image A02009-2); Caveat: Secreted protein can complicate RNA–protein correlation (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: 2 isoforms; secreted form lacks the cytoplasmic epitope (UniProt); Regulation: Expression regulation unspecified (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt O43508, HPA tissue IHC · Uncertain, HPA ICC-IF · vesicles. Caution: Based on antibodies targeting proteins from…, Datasheet A02009-2, PMC13371701. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/TNFSF12/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.