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- Table of Contents
1 Citations 5 Q&As
1 Citations 17 Q&As
1 Citations 5 Q&As
2 Citations 14 Q&As
Facts about Transthyretin.
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Human | |
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Gene Name: | TTR |
Uniprot: | P02766 |
Entrez: | 7276 |
Belongs to: |
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transthyretin family |
ATTR; HsT2651; PALB; PALBTBPA; Prealbumin; prealbumin, amyloidosis type I; TBPA; thyroxine-binding prealbumin; Transthyretin; TTR
Mass (kDA):
15.887 kDA
Human | |
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Location: | 18q12.1 |
Sequence: | 18; NC_000018.10 (31591877..31598821) |
Detected in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (at protein level). Highly expressed in choroid plexus epithelial cells. Detected in retina pigment epithelium and liver.
Secreted. Cytoplasm.
Transthyretin is a protein in the plasma that transports thyroid hormones. As a protein that carries thyroid hormones, TTR is a key marker for a variety of diseases. It is also utilized in the management of dietetics for anorexia nervosa. Here, you can learn more about this marker and how to utilize it in your research. TTR can be used to to understand how your body reacts to different diets.
TTR is an important transporter protein for Thyroxine is an important transporter protein for. It also transports the retinol (vitamin A) by association with retinol-binding protein. TTR is part of tetramers which contain four subunits identical to each other. It was once referred to as prealbumin, but it is not a precursor for albumin. The monomer of TTR has eight beta-pleated sheet domains in antiparallel form. TTR is closely related to an array of amyloidoses systemic.
It is a 55 kDa tetrameric protein comprised of four subunits that are identical comprising 127 amino acid. The protein folds into the B-sandwich shape and can be found in blood and cerebrospinal liquid. TTR in the CSF is a receptor for thyroid hormone T4 and transports vitamin B and Retinol.
TTR levels in the blood have fallen after trauma and inflammation, as well as tissue injury. The gene for TTR is located on the chromosome 18 at 18q11.2-q12.1. It is a dominant-allelic gene, and contains four exons and three introns. The 10th amino acid is the one that is most susceptible to mutation. TTR is a tetramer made of four identical subunits. TTR has a beta-sheet with a high structure, and amino acids are largely conserved. The thyroid hormone binding site is located within the tubular structure in middle of the protein.
Researchers have looked into TTR levels in patients suffering from lung cancer and tuberculosis. Patients with lung cancer and tuberculosis show an acceleration of LBM downsizing than patients who have only one disease. Plasma TTR levels are higher in patients with two diseases than with a single disease. These studies provide important information about TTR levels and the effect of anti-tuberculosis medication on the LBM.
Thyroid hormone transporters serve two distinct roles: carrying the hormone thyroxine, which regulates metabolism in the body, and carrying vitamin A which can aid in the maturation of lymphocytes. There are two distinct binding sites on each TTR molecule, one on each monomer and one on each subunit. TTR is a binding agent for T3 and T4 and has a lower affinity to T4 than for T3. Serum TBG can be used to evaluate thyroid function by determining the percentage of saturated TTR. This indicator can be used to identify hyperthyroid or hypothyroid disorders.
TTR is a calyx-like structure similar to lipocalin which is a major protein that is synthesized in the choroid plexus of amphibians. Both proteins have the similar subunit mass and are likely to be functionally closely related. However, they are not able to transport TTR. The role of TTR in biology is yet to be defined. The current research focuses on an recombinant TTR marker.
There are many different forms of the TTR carrier protein that are found in the body. Both RBP and TTR are found in the thyroid gland. The human TTR attaches to RBP with the lowest K d. The C-terminal TTR is responsible for the transport of thyroid hormones. In this process, Boster Bio TTR marker is used to detect TSH levels.
TTR is a component of the blood and is the main cause of the bioavailability, delivery and distribution of T4. TBG and TTR both bind about seventy percent of T4 present in blood. TBG and albumin can only are able to bind around 10 percent of T4. This is the reason THDP levels in blood are so important to be able to comprehend. Both molecules are present in different quantities in blood and CSF.
Transthyretin is also referred to as prealbumin. It is a tetramer composed of identical subunits. Transthyretin proteins in mice are believed to have a lower tendency to form amyloid fibrils. Because of this, they could have a neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer's disease. Boster Bio validates all antibodies to ensure that they are specific and have high affinity.
Amyloidosis is a disease that is known as amyloid-oligomers, composed of protein chains that are made of transthyretin, is an inherited disorder. ATTRwt is one variant of this protein. ATTRv is the other. Patients with amyloidosis have the ATTRv gene that has been altered. The wild variant is responsible for a wide range of conditions such as hypertensive and dilated heart disease and dilated cardiomyopathy.
TTR markers are useful in assessing adipokines and the levels of glucagon among patients suffering from anorexia nervosa. Bone turnover is fast in healthy individuals and the growth of bone is greater than bone resorption. Anorexia is a major issue for adolescents, who are more likely to fracture than healthy individuals. These indicators also show that those suffering from anorexia nervosa suffer lower bone mass compared to healthy adolescents.
Early treatment is critical for preventing severe consequences of anorexia. Anorexia Nervosa is a serious condition that requires specialized care to stop the disease from getting worse. It can lead to more serious medical problems and worsening health issues if the disease isn't treated. The majority of anorexics resist seeking treatment, and often do not want to follow a treatment plan. The condition can be life-threatening , and even fatal. The eating disorders are the second on the list of mental disorders with high mortality rates second only to opioid addiction.
One of the most important aspects of anorexia is dietetics. Anorexia is a complex disorder that causes low body weight, disorganized body images, and a fear of gaining weight. Because of the high mortality rate, treatment options for anorexia are usually focused on nutritional therapy and psychotherapy. FDA-approved pharmacotherapy is not recommended for this disorder.
Anorexia is characterized by variations in thyroid hormone, TTR. This is caused by a decrease in caloric intake. However, high cortisol levels are linked to the accumulation of fat in the trunk in those with Cushing's syndrome and other conditions affecting the thyroid. TTR can also be helpful in determining the optimal dietetic intervention.
Transthyretin (or TTR) is a blood protein. It binds to retinol as well as thyroid hormones, acting as a biochemical indicator of malnutrition as well as parenteral nutrition. Its short half life in serum makes it an excellent biomarker for monitoring nutrition status. The TTR marker doesn't respond to hydration or vitamin deficiencies. Zinc is linked to higher levels of retinol.
Although TTR is extensively used as a diagnostic instrument for many diseases in humans, it is most commonly employed as a biomarker for insufficient protein intake and malnutrition. Numerous studies have shown a correlation between TTR levels and nutritional status as well as malnutrition. Patients with high CRP levels may not be able utilize the TTR marker as TTR is a determinant in inflammatory processes.
The TTR marker is a vital component of the liver that is involved in binding thyroid hormone and Retinol. It can be used as a nutritional indicator for malnutrition and is a useful indicator of prognosis in seriously ill patients. It isn't easy to interpret because it has a very short half-life. However it remains an effective method for assessing the level of nutrition in animals.
PMID: 6093805 by Mita S., et al. Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for human prealbumin.
PMID: 2990465 by Wallace M.R., et al. Localization of the human prealbumin gene to chromosome 18.
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