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- Table of Contents
11 Q&As
Facts about Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 12.
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Human | |
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Gene Name: | ADAM12 |
Uniprot: | O43184 |
Entrez: | 8038 |
Belongs to: |
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No superfamily |
a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 12 (meltrin alpha); ADAM 12; ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12; ADAM12; disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 12; EC 3.4.24; EC 3.4.24.58; MCMP; MCMPMltna; Meltrin alpha; meltrin-alpha; MLTNA; MLTNEC 3.4.24.-
Mass (kDA):
99.542 kDA
Human | |
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Location: | 10q26.2 |
Sequence: | 10; NC_000010.11 (126012391..126388477, complement) |
Isoform 1 is expressed in placenta and skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Isoform 2 seems to be expressed only in placenta or in embryo and fetus. Both forms were expressed in some tumor cells lines. Not detected in brain, lung, liver, kidney or pancreas.
[Isoform 1]: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; [Isoform 2]: Secreted.; [Isoform 3]: Secreted.; [Isoform 4]: Secreted.
Are you interested in learning about the best applications for the ADAM12 marker? Continue reading to learn more about the gene and its applications. This article will clarify what ADAM12 is and what it can do in clinical trials. I hope you be able to use this information. After all, every new gene added to the human genome is a possibility for breakthrough. But how do you determine when to apply it?
ADAM12, also known as advanced diaminoacid dehydrogenase is a crucial protein that plays a variety of roles in the body. Its physiological functions include cell adhesion, as well as extracellular matrix restructuring. Boster Bio's ADAM12 biomarker is unique and performs a variety of regulatory functions in healthy tissues. It is also available in different sizes. We will be discussing how ADAM12 can be used in a variety of research projects.
ADAM12 is a factor that regulates uptake in tumors of mice. ADAM12 expression was higher than the expression of Adam10 and Adam-17. These results suggest a function for ADAM12 in the releasing of EGF-like ligands. Further, human stellate cells treated with TGF-b and other ligands showed increased levels of ADAM12 in these tumors.
ADAM12 is involved in remodeling of extracellular matrix proteins as well as the formation of tumors. Its involvement in the process of tumor invasion and metastasis formation could suggest that ADAM12 could be a potential candidate as a cancer treatment. Further research is required to establish the precise roles of these proteins in human tumors. ADAM12 has been identified as a promising indicator for breast cancer. It also plays a role in regulating the cellular processes including cell-to-cell adhesion.
Researchers can study the relationship between ADAM12 levels, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and gene expression assays for ADAM12. The mechanisms that contribute to low levels of ADAM12 in association with adverse pregnancy outcomes can be complex and could involve more than a simple increase in the availability of IGF. The analysis also identifies upstream transcriptional regulators that regulate ADAM12. The data can be deposited in NCBI Sequence Read Archive under the accession number SRP077683.
It is interesting to observe that patients with pancreatic cancer have a higher chance of survival if they have high levels of ADAM12. Patients with pancreatic cancer are also more likely to die with high levels of ADAM12. These findings suggest that ADAM12 levels could be utilized in future studies as a surrogate marker. These results could be an important tool for assessing the relationship between ADAM12 levels and the immune microenvironment.
The ADAM12 marker is an enzyme that is expressed during embryogenesis, and also at low levels in adult tissues that are normal. The ADAM12 patent is based upon the identification of pro-fibrotic stromal cells in inflammation. These cells are progenitor cells activated by inflammation and quickly proliferate within the first days. They also secrete significant amounts of proinflammatory cells and can remain visible for as long as four weeks after the onset of inflammation.
Human studies of patients suffering from hepatocellular cancer have implicated ADAM12 as a key determinant of undesirable chemoradiation responses. These results suggest that resistance to chemotherapy may be due to the immune system of the stromal. EAC could be resensitized treatment by targeting stromal signaling. ADAM12 expression is also related to other risk factors, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and viral hepatitis.
There are many applications for the ADAM12 marker. It is an early marker of fibrosis caused by inflammation. It is present at both the protein and mRNA levels. In addition, the ADAM12 protein is expressed in fibrotic tissue by analysing the expression levels of the gene. The analysis of the expression levels of ADAM12 genes in tissue that is prone to inflammation can help to detect inflammation-induced fibrosis.
Meltrin alpha is a different term for this enzyme. It is involved in the regeneration of skeletal muscles and osteoclast development from mononuclear precursor cells and macrophage-derived giant cells. While it is not yet clear the role that ADAM12 plays in skeletal muscle development It is known that it regulates growth factors and the formation extracellular matrix components. Additionally, ADAM12 may help cancerous cells to fight metastasis.
Recent research suggests that ADAM12 may be associated with a lower prognosis for certain types of cancers, including periampullary and pancreatic adenocarcinomas. However, after taking into account CA19-9, WHO performance status, and venous involvement The ADAM12 marker did not predict OS in those populations. However, there are many possible causes for this relationship.
Patients with high and low ADAM12 levels were also included in the most relevant study. The patients in the high ADAM12 group were more likely to receive adjuvant treatment but the lower ADAM12 group had lower levels. Adjuvant chemotherapy did not correlate with a greater OS than neoadjuvant chemotherapy however, the combination of ADAM12 and gemcitabine had similar overall survival.
The level of ADAM12 was higher in patients with PDAC than in the controls who did not have PDAC. However it was not statistically significant among the two groups. High-ADAM12 levels were associated to lower ADAM12 levels in patients suffering from IPMN, whereas non-invasive IPMN sufferers had higher ADAM12 levels. This could explain the differences between the two groups. And it is important to remember that ADAM12 levels varied by subtype of adenocarcinoma.
Since ADAM-12 is involved in normal implantation, it may be a reliable biomarker for ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, a decrease in the levels of ADAM-12 could indicate an abnormal pregnancy or an ectopic pregnancy. 2.5 ng/mL is a lower threshold for the detection of ADAM-12. The coefficient of interassay was 7.70% for high levels and 6.11% for low levels. The analysis did not include values that were below the detection thresholds, but they were statistically significant.
There are several domains of the ADAM12 gene: a signal sequence; a transmembrane area; a pro domain; a cysteine rich area; and an arear. The length of the cytoplasmic tidal tail can vary. Molecular Biology with the ADAM12 marker allows researchers to determine a subset of ADAMs. Both mouse and human cells can express the ADAM12 protein.
The RNAi knockdown reduced the expression levels of the ADAM12 gene, and the number of DE genes was greatest in T3 and T6, respectively. After T6, the number of DE genes declined, however ADAM12 expression returned to control levels. Despite the decline of ADAM12 gene expression, significant differences were observed at the transcript and protein levels. These data suggest that ADAM12 is a key regulator in the immune microenvironment.
ADAM12 regulates myogenesis as well as cell the fusion of cells. The ADAM12 gene is also believed to affect the shedding of membrane proteins. Cell membranes are triggered to release soluble factors. In addition to regulating interactions between cells and cell-cell interactions, the ADAM family of proteases also play an important role in signal transduction. These findings have allowed ADAM12 to be recognized as a crucial component in cell-cell interactions.
The M-G mutation didn't alter the binding affinity of A-actinin-2. Therefore, the binding site of ADAM12cyt could be located within two first residues of the membrane-proximal domain. The ADAM12 marker binding site is situated in a location which is overlapping EF hand-like repeats, as well as spectrin type repeats.
The ADAM12 marker could be used as a biomarker for serum for diagnosing Down syndrome. While the ACOG practice bulletin does not mention ADAM-12 however it is a potential biomarker for Down syndrome. Many studies haven't yet looked into its the pharmacology. Some researchers believe that ADAM-12 is instabil under a variety of routine laboratory conditions. Interpreting the results of ADAM12 immunostaining GC isn't always as easy as it appears.
ADAM12 is not advised for use in the last first trimester pregnancy, but it can be used earlier. It may be used concurrently with other established markers or in one pregnancy. Both sequential and contingent testing is possible with ADAM12, but more research is required to be able to accurately predict each. ADAM12 can be used as a marker in a single instance, but it is not recommended to be used in the third trimester.
In addition to being a biomarker used for GC ADAM12 also serves a variety of therapeutic roles. It has been proven to promote tumor growth. This suggests that ADAM12 could be a possible therapeutic target for GC. This protein can be useful as an adjunct to other tests. It is also known that ADAM12 may be involved in Ovarian cancer. We will then investigate its potential role as a therapeutic target GC.
PMID: 9417060 by Gilpin B.J., et al. A novel, secreted form of human ADAM 12 (meltrin alpha) provokes myogenesis in vivo.
PMID: 9642263 by Loechel F., et al. Human ADAM 12 (meltrin alpha) is an active metalloprotease.