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- Table of Contents
Facts about Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase.
Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAs at multiple sites (hyper-editing) or at specific sites (site-specific editing). Its cellular RNA substrates include: bladder cancer- associated protein (BLCAP), neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate (GRIA2) and serotonin (HTR2C) and GABA receptor (GABRA3).
Human | |
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Gene Name: | ADAR |
Uniprot: | P55265 |
Entrez: | 103 |
Belongs to: |
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No superfamily |
ADAR1DSH; adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific; DRADAP136; DSRADadenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1-A; EC 3.5.4; EC 3.5.4.-; G1P1double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase; IFI-4; IFI4dsRNA adenosine deaminase; interferon-induced protein 4; Interferon-inducible protein 4; K88DSRBP; p136,136 kDa double-stranded RNA-binding protein
Mass (kDA):
136.066 kDA
Human | |
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Location: | 1q21.3 |
Sequence: | 1; NC_000001.11 (154582057..154627997, complement) |
Ubiquitously expressed, highest levels were found in brain and lung (PubMed:7972084). Isoform 5 is expressed at higher levels in astrocytomas as compared to normal brain tissue and expression increases strikingly with the severity of the tumor, being higher in the most aggressive tumors.
[Isoform 1]: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus (PubMed:7565688, PubMed:24753571). Nuclear import is mediated by TNPO1 (PubMed:24753571).; [Isoform 5]: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Nucleus, nucleolus. Predominantly nuclear but can shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. TNPO1 can mediate its nuclear import whereas XPO5 can mediate its nuclear export.
ADAR Marker, a popular enzyme to measure the absorbance DNA, is widely used. It is used most effectively in the analysis and repair of DNA damage, particularly in cancer cells. Its wavelength of 450nm can also be used to repair DNA. Its aqueous solution is suitable for dispensing 0.5 ul to 1 ml volumes. Boster Pipettes can be used to dispense aqueous liquid through multiple channels. It is better to use a multichannel Pipette if you have a large sample size.
The ADAR marker has been used by the UCSD volleyball squad in practice sessions to increase the effectiveness of their attack. They have been using it for several years and have had great success with it. They can pinpoint the weaknesses of their opponents and exploit them. They were able use this technique to their advantage during the match, which was critical to their victory. The ADAR marker is found in many athletic apparel and sports equipment.
The UCSD team recently used a circular guide RNA to increase the number of ADARs in a particular cell type. They found that their engineered circ-arRNA restored the activity of IDUA enzyme in a Hurler syndrome mouse model. They delivered it via an adeno-associated virus vector. This new marker also helped reduce liver accumulation of complex sugars. The UCSD researchers discovered that ADARs found in the body were less effective than those externally produced. So, when designing their circular guide RNA, they suspected that the previous tool was unstable.
These circular RNAs have a higher stability than linear RNA. They are also more resistant to RNA degrading enzymes. This results with a threefold higher editing efficiency than linearRNA. These effects also last a longer time. Ultimately, this research shows the promise of gene-editing therapies. The UCSD team's breakthrough may pave the way for more effective treatments. Why is it important, then, to develop circularRNAs
The ADAR gene encodes the enzyme double-stranded RNA specific adenosine deaminase, which is responsible for editing RNA. Dyschromatosissymmetrica hereditaria is a chromosomal disorder that causes multiple transcript variants. Boster Bio offers several anti-ADAR antibodies tested for specificity, affinity, and quality on ELISA, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA platforms.
PMID: 7972084 by Kim U., et al. Molecular cloning of cDNA for double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase, a candidate enzyme for nuclear RNA editing.
PMID: 7565688 by Patterson J.B., et al. Expression and regulation by interferon of a double-stranded-RNA- specific adenosine deaminase from human cells: evidence for two forms of the deaminase.