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- Table of Contents
Facts about Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1.
Required for KIF14 localization to the central spindle and midbody. Required to recruit PLK1 into the spindle.
Human | |
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Gene Name: | PRC1 |
Uniprot: | O43663 |
Entrez: | 9055 |
Belongs to: |
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MAP65/ASE1 family |
anaphase spindle elongation 1 homolog; ASE1; MGC1671; MGC3669; protein regulating cytokinesis 1; protein regulator of cytokinesis 1
Mass (kDA):
71.607 kDA
Human | |
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Location: | 15q26.1 |
Sequence: | 15; NC_000015.10 (90966038..90994576, complement) |
Overexpressed in bladder cancer cells (PubMed:17409436).
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle pole. Midbody. Colocalized with KIF20B in the nucleus of bladder carcinoma cells at the interphase. Colocalized with KIF20B in bladder carcinoma cells at prophase, metaphase, early anaphase, at the midzone in late anaphase and at the contractile ring in telophase (PubMed:17409436). Predominantly localized to the nucleus of interphase cells. During mitosis becomes associated with the mitotic spindle poles and localizes with the cell midbody during cytokinesis.
Boster Bio is a wonderful use of the PRC1 gene. What are the best ways to use this marker? Let's take a look at some examples of the PRC1 marker in action. Learn more about the marker PRC1 and its functions and how you can personalize your BeNeLux delivery. It might surprise you to learn that this marker has a myriad of applications.
To determine the effect of HOX gene transcription we previously utilized the CRISPR/Cas9 method to knock out PRC1's core component. We have also used the CRISPR/Cas9 technique to knock out PRC2 and assay the effect on HOX gene expression in human cells. Both methods have been successful in reducing HOX expression by 50%.
By using a mouse model of human embryogenesis, we created an transgenic model of HOX expression. The gene was expressed in Cre lines that were crossed with mice that have the ICR2lox/2lox system. In this model, the Kcnq1 promoter is knocked off in Cre allele offspring at E5.5. The RNA was extracted from WT and mutant embryos at E11.5 and we verified that both transgenic mice were deficient in the expression of HOX gene.
The HOX gene, which is expressed by paternal genes, is a gene that is involved in metabolism and hormone regulation. Mutant mice carry a paternal copy of Dlk1 that results in severe skeletal deformation as well as higher cholesterol metabolites. Dio3 is an enzyme that is expressed by fathers that is responsible for the degradation of thyroid hormones. Mice with the Dio3 gene mutation have a severe reduction in growth and die before the prenatal stage. Another mutation, ZAC, encodes a zinc finger transcription factor that activates the cell cycle.
Apart from targeting specific genes these ncRNAs can interact directly with the DNA chromatin-modifying machine to regulate HOX gene transcription. These RNAs can recruit genes that modify chromatin to a certain site. Boster Bio has created Cre lines that knock out the core elements of PRC1 and PRC2 and then test their effects on HOX gene transcription.
Researchers have discovered that Ring1 mutant mice possess an undetermined Hox code and adopt mixed identities. Ring1 depletion affects the expression of a transcription factor that is involved in the specification of regional neurons. This mutation disrupts the specification of motor neurons and can cause them to adopt mixed identities. To fully understand the role of Ring1 mutations, more research is needed. Here, we present results of two animal models that include a mouse model as well as one of rat models.
A 3D landmark-based geometrical morphometric method reveals a connection between the Hox genes and vertebral development in mice. This study highlights the importance of every gene involved in vertebral development. The indeterminate Hox code in Ring1 mutants could have implications for the function of the gene in the development of vertebrae. These findings suggest that Ring1 mutants are not able to affect the vertebral shape.
The purpose of Hox genes is to specify areas of the body plan developing vertebrates. Hox proteins regulate multiple genes that are connected to specific developmental programs. Repetition is the key to animal diversity and genetic programs that build structures. This patterning is controlled by a series repeating genes in mammals called rhombomeres.
Boster Bio's H3K27me3 CHIPs for Cyp26A and Ef1 alpha are more enriched than their counterparts. In addition, the increase in these H3K27me3 ChIPs can be correlated with low expression of their cognate transcription factors Ef1-alpha, HoxC10, and a greater enrichment of HoxD10, H3K27me3, as well as Cyp26A.
Antibodies specific for H3K27me3 detect modified H3 proteins containing trimethylated Lysine 27. Histone H3 is an essential component of nucleosomes. It is usually translated post-translated. H3K27me3 could be related to the downregulation of genes around. Furthermore, genomic regions that are rich in H3K27me3 are believed to serve as silencers, thus repressing gene expression.
H3K27me3 is found in heterochromatic regions. It is produced mostly by the SET domain-containing EZH2 methyltransferase which is an exact homolog of EZh2. Melanoma progression has been linked to EZH2 methyltransferases. The inhibition of BRAF(V600E) which is responsible for promoting expression of PGC1a can result in inhibition of invasion or metastasis.
Polyclonal antibody production is accomplished by covalently linking a small peptide to a larger immunogenic hapten protein. Examples of hapten proteins include human thyroglobulin (BSA) keyhole limpet hemocyanin and human. Hundreds of tiny peptides can be capable of binding to the KLH molecule. Each peptide is unique, and each has one or two side chains that are charged or hydrophobic. These antibodies are extremely useful in IHC applications because they recognize specific epitopes of proteins that can be identified with the PRC1 marker.
IHC-optimized polyclonals have been previously developed against many proteins and peptides. Their ability to be flexible and sensitive made them very valuable tools in medical research. But the ability to detect these antibodies is at risk because of the increased the amplification of false-positive or false-negative reactions. This can be prevented with appropriate controls. We will discuss ways to make an antibody monoclonal to be highly sensitive and specific.
PRC1 is vital for proper cell division in EwS. The impairment of PRC1 can result in non-viable karyotypes through disruption of the delicate balance between mitosis & cytokinesis. This mechanism suggests that genomically silent pediatric cancers might be able to respond to inhibition of PRC1. This strategy is also more effective than ever before for clinical research.
Boster Bio products can be utilized to enhance your research using the PRC1 marker. These include secondary antibodies, isotype control and detection systems that are specifically designed for IHC. If you have a particular gene that you would like to study take a look at Boster's advice for selecting the most appropriate negative control. They will answer some of your questions and are universally applicable. For instance, you could submit the results of your experiment for specific species-specific applications, and you can even get product credits for those submissions.
PMID: 9885575 by Jiang W., et al. PRC1: a human mitotic spindle-associated CDK substrate protein required for cytokinesis.
PMID: 12082078 by Mollinari C., et al. PRC1 is a microtubule binding and bundling protein essential to maintain the mitotic spindle midzone.