This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website.
- Table of Contents
LMNA / Prelamin-A/C · IHC design guide
Design Immunohistochemistry for LMNA
Plan paraffin-section LMNA IHC with guidance on fixation, retrieval, detection, and nuclear staining assessment. Expect nuclear membrane staining across cell types (HPA tissue IHC), while age and disease can increase prelamin-A accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells (UniProt).
Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
LMNA Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide
Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.
Must know before staining
| Expected localisation | Nuclear membrane (HPA tissue IHC); lamina (UniProt) | |
| Staining pattern | Distinct nuclear membrane staining in all cell types (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Antigen retrieval | EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet M00438-6) | |
| Positive control | Adipose tissue+4 more · see all | |
| Negative control | None in HPA (detected in all 45 tissues); use no-primary + isotype controls |
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
| Fixation | Keep paraffin-section fixation consistent (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Matched tissue-IHC evidence does not establish the fixation claim. Validate the specimen-specific method before use. (selected-SKU IHC image M00438-6) | |
| Caveat | Spleen red-pulp cells show low staining (HPA tissue IHC) | |
| Regulation | Prelamin-A accumulates with age and disease (UniProt) | |
| Isoform / epitope | Six isoforms; processing removes the prelamin-A C terminus (UniProt) |
Section 1
Recommended LMNA IHC & IF Protocols
The catalog antibody’s IHC-P protocol (datasheet: M00438-6) is accompanied by a published human motor nerve IHC protocol (PMC5159906 methods).
| Sample | Paraffin-embedded human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet M00438-6) |
| Fixation | Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet M00438-6); verify before use. |
| Sectioning | 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard) |
| Deparaffinisation | Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard) |
| Antigen retrieval | Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet M00438-6); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard) |
| Peroxidase block | 3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard) |
| Blocking | 10% goat serum (datasheet M00438-6) |
| Primary antibody | Mouse monoclonal (clone 5F3C12) anti-LMNA, 2-5 µg/ml (datasheet M00438-6) |
| Primary incubation | Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet M00438-6) |
| Detection | HRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet M00438-6) |
| Counterstain | Hematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard) |
| Expected result | LMNA-positive staining in adipocytes of adipose tissue (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Distinct nuclear membrane expression in all cell types. No signal in the no-primary control. |
💡Decision noteStart with heat-mediated EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 (datasheet: M00438-6); the published motor nerve methods do not specify retrieval (PMC5159906 methods).
Section 2
What Is the Expected LMNA Staining Pattern?
LMNA is a nuclear protein that forms part of the lamina at the inner nuclear membrane; it has no transmembrane segment (UniProt P02545). In paraffin-section IHC, expect a distinct nuclear membrane pattern across cell types (HPA tissue IHC: Supported; high consistency with RNA expression). HPA also reports nucleoplasmic and speckle locations in other contexts, so interpret the compartment in the context of the assay (UniProt P02545; HPA subcellular ICC-IF).
| Distinct staining outlines nuclei across several cell types in the section. | This matches the supported tissue IHC pattern: nuclear membrane expression in all cell types (HPA tissue IHC: Supported). Judge whether individual nuclear borders are recognizable, rather than calling a uniformly stained field positive (general IHC practice). |
| Signal appears mainly in cytoplasm or along the cell surface, without nuclear outlines. | This is discordant with the reported tissue IHC pattern and LMNA's nuclear localization (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt P02545). Treat it as possible nonspecific staining and review the controls and detection steps before assigning it to LMNA (general IHC practice). |
| Only an unexpected cell population stains while nearby nuclei lack the expected rim. | An isolated population is at odds with HPA's broad nuclear membrane pattern (HPA tissue IHC). Cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity is possible, but the slide alone cannot distinguish them; examine antibody and detection controls (general IHC practice). |
| Color spreads through tissue or covers nuclei so their borders cannot be resolved. | Diffuse background does not establish LMNA localization (general IHC practice). Check whether background also appears in a no-primary control, then assess blocking, washes, antibody dilution and chromogen development as separate workflow variables (general IHC practice). |
| No nuclear rim is visible in an expected positive specimen. | Adipocytes and bronchial respiratory epithelial cells are reported as High in HPA tissue IHC (HPA: High in adipocytes; High in bronchial respiratory epithelial cells). If these cells are present, check the run control and assay steps before interpreting absence as low LMNA (general IHC practice). |
💡Expected LMNA appearanceCall a paraffin-section IHC result positive when distinct nuclear membrane staining is visible in the cells being assessed, with readily appreciable signal in HPA High examples such as adipocytes; predominantly cytoplasmic color or diffuse tissue color is discordant with that pattern (HPA tissue IHC: Supported; HPA: High in adipocytes).
| Tissue and cell choice | HPA reports High staining in adipocytes, adrenal glandular cells, bronchial respiratory epithelial cells and several other listed populations, but Low staining in splenic red-pulp cells (HPA tissue IHC). Choose a listed High population for a positive control; do not use the Low population as a definitive negative control (general IHC practice). |
| Antibody evidence | HPA lists IHC as Supported for HPA006660 and CAB004022; it provides no IHC status for HPA006523 (HPA antibodies). Apply the stated validation to those antibodies only. A different catalog antibody needs its own IHC-P evidence before its staining is assumed to follow the HPA pattern (general IHC practice). |
| Isoforms and processing | LMNA has six listed isoforms, including A and C, and prelamin-A/C undergoes processing associated with nuclear envelope targeting and mature lamin formation (UniProt P02545). The supplied evidence does not identify the antibodies' epitopes, so it cannot establish which isoforms or processed forms a particular stain detects. |
| IF/ICC Q&A: should the IHC rim pattern be the only expected IF pattern? | No. HPA reports nuclear speckles as the supported main location in ICC-IF images, while tissue IHC reports distinct nuclear membrane expression (HPA subcellular ICC-IF; HPA tissue IHC). Interpret each result using its assay-specific evidence; this section gives no IF/ICC protocol. |
| Antigen retrieval and fixation | The supplied HPA and UniProt records do not report LMNA-specific retrieval conditions or fixation sensitivity. Optimize retrieval against a suitable positive specimen and assay controls as a general IHC workflow decision; do not infer a target-specific fixation effect from staining levels or LMNA features (general IHC practice). |
| Situation | Likely cause | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Expected nuclear outlines are absent in a listed High cell population. | A failed assay step or unsuitable antibody conditions are possibilities; absence alone does not identify the cause (general IHC practice). | Confirm that the listed cells are present, inspect the run control, and review the antibody's IHC-P instructions, retrieval, detection and development steps (HPA tissue IHC for expected High cells; general IHC practice). |
| Strong color lies outside nuclei. | That compartment is discordant with the supported tissue IHC pattern (HPA tissue IHC). Nonspecific primary or detection staining is possible (general IHC practice). | Compare the no-primary control, review the antibody's IHC evidence, and adjust blocking, washes or dilution according to the assay controls (general IHC practice). |
| A small cell group stains while neighboring cells lack nuclear rims. | The distribution conflicts with HPA's broad tissue IHC pattern; cross-reactivity or endogenous detection activity may contribute (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). | Check a no-primary control for detection background and compare a separately validated IHC antibody if available; avoid assigning cell-specific LMNA loss from this field alone (general IHC practice). |
| Background obscures nuclear borders throughout the section. | Excess detection signal, insufficient washing or nonspecific binding can obscure compartment scoring (general IHC practice). | Inspect the no-primary control, then review blocking and wash steps, primary dilution and chromogen development; rescore only when nuclear borders can be distinguished (general IHC practice). |
| Splenic red-pulp cells stain weakly. | HPA reports Low staining in this population (HPA: Low in splenic red-pulp cells). | Assess a listed High population and the run control before treating weak red-pulp staining as assay failure; preserve the distinction between Low staining and a negative result (HPA tissue IHC; general IHC practice). |
| IF/ICC images show speckles while the tissue IHC slide shows nuclear rims. | The assay-specific HPA records describe nuclear speckles for ICC-IF and distinct nuclear membrane expression for tissue IHC (HPA subcellular ICC-IF; HPA tissue IHC). | Score the paraffin-section IHC result against the tissue IHC pattern, and evaluate IF/ICC using its separate guide and controls (HPA tissue IHC; HPA subcellular ICC-IF; general IHC practice). |
Experiment evidence
IHC & IF images showing LMNA staining
M00438-6 · IHCIHC analysis of Lamin A+C/LMNA using anti-Lamin A+C/LMNA antibody (M00438-6). Lamin A+C/LMNA was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of
M00438-6 · IHCIHC analysis of Lamin A+C/LMNA using anti-Lamin A+C/LMNA antibody (M00438-6). Lamin A+C/LMNA was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of
PB9280 · IHCIHC analysis of Lamin A/C using anti-Lamin A/C antibody (PB9280). Lamin A/C was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of Mouse Intestine t
PB9280 · IHCIHC analysis of Lamin A/C using anti-Lamin A/C antibody (PB9280). Lamin A/C was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of Rat Intestine tis
PB9280 · IFIF analysis of Lamin A/C using anti-Lamin A/C antibody (PB9280). Lamin A/C was detected in immunocytochemical section of A431 cells. Enzyme
M00438-8 · IHCHuman liver was stained with anti-Lamin A/C rabbit antibody
M00438-8 · IHCMouse liver was stained with anti-Lamin A/C rabbit antibody
PA1103 · IHCAnti-Lamin A+C antibody, PA1103, IHC(P) IHC(P): Rat Intestine Tissue
PA1103 · IHCAnti-Lamin A+C antibody, PA1103, IHC(P) IHC(P): Human Lung Cancer Tissue
M00438-5 · IFImmunofluorescent analysis using the Antibody at 1:50 dilution.
HPA · Cerebral cortexHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Cerebral cortex. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000160789-LMNA/tissue/cerebral+cortex#imid_1433516
HPA · ColonHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Colon. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000160789-LMNA/tissue/colon#imid_1433450
HPA · LiverHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Liver. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000160789-LMNA/tissue/liver#imid_1433435
HPA · KidneyHuman Protein Atlas IHC, Kidney. Source: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000160789-LMNA/tissue/kidney#imid_1433444
HPA · ICC-IF HaCaTHuman Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, HaCaT, antibody HPA006523; green = LMNA, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
HPA · ICC-IF HaCaTHuman Protein Atlas immunofluorescence, HaCaT, antibody HPA006523; green = LMNA, blue = nucleus, red = microtubules.
← swipe / scroll for more images →
Real IHC / IF data behind the staining-pattern expectations in this section.
Sample controls for LMNA IHC & IF
🧪Run adipose tissue first and expect nuclear staining in adipocytes (HPA: High in adipocytes). HPA detects LMNA in all 45 scored tissues, so no negative tissue is supported; no-primary and isotype controls carry the negative, while any mature erythrocytes visible on the positive slide should lack nuclear staining because they have no nucleus (standard IHC practice).
Positive control tissue: Adipose tissue (Adipocytes, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: None in HPA: LMNA is detected in all 45 scored tissues. Use a no-primary (secondary-only) and an isotype control instead.
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show LMNA in HaCaT, PC-3, U2OS, with annotated localisation: Nuclear speckles (supported) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary, secondary-only section and an isotype-matched mouse IgG control at the primary antibody concentration (caption: mouse primary antibody); use an LMNA knockout specimen as a biological negative if available (standard IHC practice). Check adipose sections for endogenous peroxidase signal in chromogenic detection and autofluorescence if using fluorescence (standard IHC/IF practice).
⚠️Feasibility: No target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is reported, and the selected M00438-6 paraffin-section caption leaves the fixative unreported (caption: fixative not stated). That caption uses heat retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0, but a single example does not establish that retrieval is required (caption: heat-mediated EDTA retrieval). The supplied evidence does not establish whether frozen sections or IF/ICC are easier; in adipose tissue, lipid spaces can complicate interpretation of nuclear staining (standard IHC practice).
HPA tissue IHC evidence for LMNA
Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Supported — High consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.
Positive expression · recommended positive controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | Adipocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Adrenal gland | Glandular cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Appendix | Endocrine cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Bone marrow | Hematopoietic cells | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
| Breast | Adipocytes | High | Protein (IHC) | HPA → |
Undetected expression · recommended negative controls
| Tissue | Cell type | Level | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| None in HPA: LMNA is detected in all 45 scored tissues. Use a no-primary (secondary-only) and an isotype control instead. | ||||
Section 3
Advanced LMNA IHC Tips
Troubleshoot LMNA chromogenic IHC by checking retrieval, nuclear localisation, antibody specificity and scoring against the tissue controls.
What retrieval should I try when LMNA staining is weak in paraffin sections?
Start with heat mediated retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 (datasheet M00438-6). The selected paraffin section image used that retrieval before overnight incubation at 4°C with 2 μg/ml antibody (datasheet M00438-6). If staining is weak, first confirm that the retrieval bath reached its intended temperature and that sections remained covered by buffer throughout heating (standard IHC practice). Compare a shorter and longer heating interval on adjacent sections, keeping antibody concentration and chromogen development constant (standard IHC practice). Judge improvement by a clearer nuclear rim and lower extranuclear background, using the reported nuclear membrane pattern as a reference (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice).
How should I troubleshoot inconsistent LMNA staining across differently fixed specimens?
Target specific LMNA sensitivity to fixation is unknown from the supplied evidence; the selected paraffin section caption does not report its fixative (datasheet M00438-6). Record each specimen’s fixation and processing history before comparing staining intensity, since these variables can change epitope access in IHC (standard IHC practice). Run differently processed specimens in the same staining batch with the same EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and detection conditions (datasheet M00438-6; standard IHC practice). Include a consistently staining control section and inspect morphology before attributing a weak nuclear rim to biology (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice). Do not infer fixation sensitivity from LMNA localisation or modifications alone (UniProt P02545; standard IHC practice).
How do I interpret diffuse nuclear or cytoplasmic staining instead of a nuclear rim?
Expect a nuclear membrane pattern in tissue sections, while recognising that LMNA is also reported in the nucleoplasm, matrix and speckles (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt P02545). Inspect intact, counterstained nuclei at high magnification to distinguish a nuclear rim from diffuse chromogen over cytoplasm or damaged tissue (standard IHC practice). A rim is biologically plausible because lamins form a meshwork on the nucleoplasmic side of the inner nuclear membrane (UniProt P02545). Nuclear speckle localisation in the separate IF evidence does not establish that every chromogenic section should show puncta (HPA subcellular; HPA tissue IHC). Treat predominantly cytoplasmic staining as questionable until controls and section morphology support it (standard IHC practice; HPA tissue IHC).
Can this stain distinguish mature lamin A, lamin C and prelamin A?
Do not assign an isoform from this stain alone: the supplied caption identifies the antibody as anti Lamin A+C but gives no epitope map (datasheet M00438-6). LMNA has 6 listed isoforms, and processing removes the prelamin A terminal sequence to generate a mature chain ending at residue 646 (UniProt P02545). An epitope shared across products could yield overlapping nuclear staining, whereas an isoform specific epitope would require documented antibody mapping to establish (UniProt P02545; standard IHC practice). If isoform attribution matters, obtain epitope documentation and compare independently validated isoform specific reagents on matched sections (standard IHC practice). Avoid interpreting intensity differences as altered processing without those checks (standard IHC practice).
How should I check LMNA localisation when adding an IF multiplex assay?
Use the separate IF/ICC workflow to compare LMNA with a marker for the expected cell type, then assess colocalisation within individual nuclei (standard IF practice). Select fluorophores whose emission is separated from the specimen’s autofluorescence and include single stain controls before interpreting overlapping signals (standard IF practice). Choose permeabilisation that allows antibody access to the nucleoplasmic side of the nuclear envelope; LMNA has no transmembrane segment, and its lamina lies inside that envelope (UniProt P02545; standard IF practice). Optimise permeabilisation against nuclear morphology and background rather than assuming the chromogenic section conditions transfer to IF (standard IF practice). Nuclear speckles are reported in IF, while tissue IHC shows a distinct nuclear membrane pattern (HPA subcellular; HPA tissue IHC).
What should I change when DAB appears outside nuclei or across the section?
Check a no primary antibody section to identify signal from secondary detection, endogenous peroxidase or nonspecific DAB deposition (standard IHC practice). Apply an appropriate peroxidase block before chromogenic detection and compare development times across matched sections (standard IHC practice). The selected image used 10% goat serum block, a peroxidase conjugated anti mouse secondary and DAB; those details document the tested section workflow (datasheet M00438-6). If background persists, optimise antibody concentration and washing while retaining the documented EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval as the starting condition (datasheet M00438-6; standard IHC practice). Score nuclear staining only where cell boundaries and counterstained nuclei remain interpretable (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice).
How should I quantify LMNA staining when cell composition varies between sections? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the scored cell population before measuring nuclear LMNA, because tissue IHC reports nuclear membrane staining across cell types (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice). For intensity, record an H score from staining intensity and the percentage of cells at each intensity; alternatively report the percentage of positive nuclei (standard IHC practice). If counting positive cells per area, report density per mm² of viable, analysable tissue and specify the nuclear positivity threshold (standard IHC practice). Normalise each count to eligible nuclei or the area of the defined compartment, and exclude folds, necrosis and staining artefacts consistently (standard IHC practice). Keep retrieval, development and image analysis settings matched across comparisons (standard IHC practice).
How can I separate a true LMNA signal from section artefacts?
A credible positive follows the nuclear rim in intact cells, consistent with the tissue IHC pattern and LMNA’s nuclear lamina localisation (HPA tissue IHC; UniProt P02545). Check that the signal belongs to the cell population being scored rather than adjacent nuclei, using morphology and the counterstain (standard IHC practice). Discount staining concentrated at section edges, folds or necrotic regions, where uneven processing can complicate chromogenic interpretation (standard IHC practice). Compare with a no primary control when diffuse colour could reflect endogenous enzyme activity or detection background (standard IHC practice). LMNA is reported across many cell types, so cell identity and nuclear compartment provide stronger checks than tissue positivity alone (HPA tissue IHC; standard IHC practice).
Boster reagents
Best LMNA / Prelamin-A/C IHC Antibodies
Catalog images document LMNA IHC in human, mouse and rat paraffin sections (M00438-6, PB9280 and PA1103 image captions) and cellular IF (PB9280 IF image captions).
Real IHC data
Anti-Lamin A+C/LMNA Antibody ® (monoclonal, 5F3C12)
Cat # M00438-6
Real IHC data
Anti-Lamin A+C/LMNA Antibody ®
Cat # PB9280
Real IHC data
Anti-Lamin A/C Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody
Cat # M00438-8
Real IHC data
Anti-Lamin A + C/LMNA Antibody ®
Cat # PA1103
Real IF data
Anti-Lamin A/C Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody
Cat # M00438-5
M00438-6 shows human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, PB9280 shows mouse intestine, and M00438-8 shows human liver by IHC (respective IHC image captions). PA1103 shows rat intestine by IHC(P), while M00438-5 has an IF image at 1:50 with no sample identified (respective image captions).
Which to pick: For human tissue IHC, start with mouse monoclonal M00438-6 (catalog: host, clone and IHC application); its paraffin-section caption documents EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0, 2 μg/ml primary antibody and DAB detection (M00438-6 IHC image caption). For IF/ICC, choose PB9280 (catalog: IF and ICC applications), whose IF captions show A431 and NIH3T3 cells at 2 μg/ml (PB9280 IF image captions). For IHC across human, mouse and rat, PB9280 has listed reactivity for all three (catalog: PB9280 reactivity) and paraffin-section images from each species; the fixative is unreported (PB9280 IHC image captions).
Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.
References
- UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry P02545 (LMNA_HUMAN, Prelamin-A/C).
- Human Protein Atlas. LMNA tissue IHC expression (reliability: Supported).
- Human Protein Atlas. LMNA subcellular location (ICC-IF): Localized to the nuclear speckles..
- Human Protein Atlas. LMNA antibody validation summary (3 antibodies).
- Novel targets identified by integrated proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis in spermatogenesis of swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Scientific reports 2020 — PMC7515895.
- Unraveling gene expression profiles in peripheral motor nerve from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: insights into pathogenesis. Scientific reports 2016 — PMC5159906.
- Lamin A/C Maintains Exocrine Pancreas Homeostasis by Regulating Stability of RB and Activity of E2F. Gastroenterology 2018 — PMC5927841.
- Lamin A/C and emerin regulate MKL1-SRF activity by modulating actin dynamics. Nature 2013 — PMC3666313.
- PubMed PMID:3453101 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:3462705 — UniProt-cited evidence.
- PubMed PMID:16061563 — UniProt-cited evidence.
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for LMNA (Prelamin-A/C). Expected localisation Nuclear membrane (HPA tissue IHC); lamina (UniProt). Antigen retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet M00438-6). Validated IHC antibody: M00438-6 at 2-5 µg/ml (the product's own IHC validation image is shown). Controls (HPA): positive Adipose tissue (Adipocytes); negative None in HPA (detected in all 45 tissues); use no-primary + isotype controls. IHC-P workflow on paraffin sections; fixative unspecified. Protocol steps: 1. Sample: Paraffin-embedded human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet M00438-6); 2. Fixation: Image fixative and duration unreported (datasheet M00438-6); verify before use.; 3. Sectioning: 4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard); 4. Deparaffinisation: Xylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard); 5. Antigen retrieval: Heat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet M00438-6); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard); 6. Peroxidase block: 3% H2O2, 10 min , room temperature (standard); 7. Blocking: 10% goat serum (datasheet M00438-6); 8. Primary antibody: Mouse monoclonal (clone 5F3C12) anti-LMNA, 2-5 µg/ml (datasheet M00438-6); 9. Primary incubation: Overnight at 4 °C (datasheet M00438-6). Watch for: Fixation: Keep paraffin-section fixation consistent (standard IHC practice; not target-specific); Matched tissue-IHC evidence does not establish the fixation claim. Validate the specimen-specific method before use. (selected-SKU IHC image M00438-6); Caveat: Spleen red-pulp cells show low staining (HPA tissue IHC); Isoform / epitope: Six isoforms; processing removes the prelamin-A C terminus (UniProt); Regulation: Prelamin-A accumulates with age and disease (UniProt). Evidence: UniProt P02545, HPA tissue IHC · Supported, HPA ICC-IF · nuclear speckles., Datasheet M00438-6, PMC5159906. QR code links to https://www.bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/LMNA/immunohistochemistry-ihc-guide.