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Facts about Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2.
In the cytoplasm, interacts with and perturbs HK1- and VDAC1-containing complexes at the mitochondrial outer membrane, thereby impairing mitochondrial membrane potential, causing bronchial congestion and promoting cell death. The phosphorylated form (mediated by ATM) plays a role in the DNA damage response and is involved in the ionizing radiation (IR)-induced S phase checkpoint control and in the recruitment of the MRN complex into the IR-induced foci (IRIF).
Human | |
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Gene Name: | ATF2 |
Uniprot: | P15336 |
Entrez: | 1386 |
Belongs to: |
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bZIP family |
activating transcription factor 2formerly; ATF2; cAMP responsive element binding protein 2; cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 2; CREB2; CREBP1; CRE-BP1; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2; HB16; MGC111558; mXBP; TREB7
Mass (kDA):
54.537 kDA
Human | |
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Location: | 2q31.1 |
Sequence: | 2; NC_000002.12 (175072250..175168206, complement) |
Ubiquitously expressed, with more abundant expression in the brain.
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion outer membrane. Shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and heterodimerization with JUN is essential for the nuclear localization. Localization to the cytoplasm is observed under conditions of cellular stress and in disease states. Localizes at the mitochondrial outer membrane in response to genotoxic stress. Phosphorylation at Thr-52 is required for its nuclear localization and negatively regulates its mitochondrial localization. Co-localizes with the MRN complex in the IR-induced foci (IRIF).
The ATF2 marker is a versatile tool for researchers looking to understand the mechanisms behind disease. ATF2 regulates the activity of the protein kinase Bax and is involved in a variety of processes. Using Boster Bio's anti-ATF2 monoclonal antibody allows you to monitor and analyze the activity of ATF2 in your experiments. Boster Bio also offers anti-Bax antibodies and anti-Glycophorin A/CD235a monoclonal antibodies.
Molecular Biology is the study of cellular processes and their molecular underpinnings. The field focuses on molecular synthesis, modification, and mechanisms, as well as their interactions. The techniques used to study molecular biology include protein and nucleic acid methods. The list below provides some highlights of each method. Read on for more information on these techniques and how they can help you.
Boster Bio's anti-BaX antibody utilizes the ATF2 marker to determine binding affinity for Bax, a 21-kD pro-apoptotic protein found in the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and nucleus. It binds to and forms homodimers with Bcl-2. The protein determines the cell's apoptotic response by activating caspases, triggering the death of cells when activated by apoptotic stimuli. The gene for Bax is regulated by the tumor suppressor protein p53, and mutated in some cancers.
The anti-Glycophorin A molecule is highly expressed in human mammary epithelial cells. The antibodies produced by Boster Bio detect this protein in all subsets of mammary epithelial cells, including the progenitor and mature luminal stromal cells. The antibodies used by Boster Bio have been extensively validated for multiple applications including IHC, WB, and Flow Cytometry. They are also referenced in over 20,000 publications.
This boster Bio anti-Glycophorin A ectophrocyte marker is a mouse monoclonal antibody with a high affinity for glycophorin A. The antibody is generated using GYPA as its antigen. It recognizes Human Glycophorin A and CD235a. This antibody was validated for Immunohistochemistry.
OCT4 expression declines rapidly in all cell lines after 7 days. Similarly, the percentage of cells displaying all the hPSC markers varies depending on the cell line and passage. Sequential immunostaining and flow cytometric analyses were performed to verify the correlation between the two markers. The representative flow cytometric plots are shown below.
PMID: 2529117 by Maekawa T., et al. Leucine zipper structure of the protein CRE-BP1 binding to the cyclic AMP response element in brain.
PMID: 9058782 by Yang L., et al. Identification of a novel, spliced variant of CREB that is preferentially expressed in the thymus.
*More publications can be found for each product on its corresponding product page