Pregnancy zone protein Antibodies

Pregnancy zone protein (PZP)

Can inhibit all four classes of proteinases by a unique'trapping' mechanism. This protein has a peptide stretch, called the 'bait region' which contains specific cleavage sites for different proteinases.

When a proteinase cleaves the bait region, a conformational change is induced in the protein which traps the proteinase. The entrapped enzyme remains active against low molecular weight substrates (activity against high molecular weight substrates is greatly reduced).

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	PZP
Uniprot:	P20742
Entrez:	5858

Family

Belongs to:
protease inhibitor I39 (alpha-2-macroglobulin) family

Alternative Names

C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 6; CPAMD6; Pregnancy Zone Protein; pregnancy-zone protein; PZP

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
163.863 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	12p13.31
Sequence:	12; NC_000012.12 (9140730..9208395, complement)

Tissue Specificity

Plasma. Prominent constituent of late- pregnancy sera.

Subcellular Localizations

Secreted.

Diseases

• Malignant Neoplasms
• Infertility
• Neoplasms
• Malignant Paraganglionic Neoplasm
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Breast
• Mammary Neoplasms
• Endometrial Polyp
• Ovarian Neoplasm
• Carcinoma
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Trophoblastic Neoplasms

• Hypertension Induced By Pregnancy
• Fetal Growth Retardation
• Adenocarcinoma
• Anencephaly
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Ovary
• Choriocarcinoma

Pathways

• Secretion
• Immune Response
• Proteolysis
• Ovulation
• Cell Activation
• Intestinal Absorption
• Mating
• Estrus
• Menopause
• Reproductive Behavior
• Cell Migration
• T Cell Activation
• Fertilization

• Aging
• Keratinocyte Differentiation
• Mucus Secretion
• Reverse Transcription
• Chemotaxis
• Phagocytosis
• T Cell Proliferation

PTMs

• Cleavage
• Phosphorylation

• Reduction
• Glycosylation

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/PZP

Boster Bio - Best Uses Of The PZP Marker

If you are interested in using anti-KHDRBS2 antibodies to detect pZP-marked oocytes in IVF/ICSI cycles, then you are in the right place. This article will cover the benefits of boster Bio's anti KHDRBS2 antibody. We'll also discuss the benefits and contraception of pZP. Continue reading to learn more.

Boster Bio Anti KHDRBS2 Antibody

Boster Bio Anti-KHDRBS2-A09665 was validated using Human and is highly sensitive for detection of this protein. The Boster Antibody reacts to Human and is available as Liquid or PZP Forms. This antibody can be used in IP, WB, and IHC applications. It is non-hazardous. The immunogen length will determine the price of this blocking peptide.

pZP marked oocytes during IVF/ICSI cycles

Researchers have looked at the clinical outcomes of pZP marked oocytes in IVF/ICSA cycles. The presence of DZP was associated with greater ultrastructural alterations in these oocytes. These results suggest DZP may serve as an embryological marker. Infertile couples can consider pZP-marked embryos as an alternative treatment option.

Not only can they detect MII eggs, but pZP-marked oocytes can also detect defective mitochondria. These abnormalities can reduce the embryo's development potential, viability, or clinical pregnancy rate. Although the exact mechanisms of this phenomenon are unknown, several reports suggest that IVF/ICSI treatment results may be affected by oocytes containing dark zona pellucida.

DZP-marked oocytes in IVF/ICSI cycles may compromise embryo development and reduce the likelihood of pregnancy. Oocytes containing DZP were found to have shorter mitochondria and higher total DNA density. Their density was also greater than in control oocytes. In addition, the percentages of abnormal mitochondria were higher in pZP marked oocytes.

Infertile couples with pZP marked oocytes have lower odds of getting pregnant. The number of retrieved egg oocytes was similar in both groups. Men's age, BMI, smoking, and alcohol status were similar. The SU group also had better semen parameters for men, such as live birth rate and total number of sperms.

Researchers examined the impact of a laboratory-developed cumulus cells test on clinical outcomes in a non-randomized study. Cumulus cell-based embryo collection was associated with higher CPR and lower LBR than control oocytes. Further research is needed on whether cumulus-marked Oocytes are more likely for pregnancy. These findings provide a valuable guide for physicians who want to optimize the success rate of their patients.

Cumulus cell-marking determined the number of mature oocytes and oocytes that were retrieved from IVF/ICSA cycle. Usually, only about 16 oocytes were retrieved in a single case. Previously, embryologists needed to perform individual denudation for each oocyte. This took considerable time. The cumulus cell test, which can test up 16 oocytes per case, is widely accepted today.

Contraception with pZP

The antigen pZP, a powerful immunocontraceptive vaccination, has been used in wildlife species since 1980, including wild horses. But due to the lack of a category specifically for wildlife contraception, the EPA turned over the registration of PZP vaccine to the NIH, which is not a good sign for its potential uses in wildlife. Nevertheless, this vaccine is gaining acceptance and it is likely that EPA will be able regulation its use for contraception within wildlife.

Porcine zona pellucida can be found in pig ovaries. This protein surrounds unfertilized egg in all mammals. Interestingly, sperm must attach to the PZP marker in order to fertilize an egg. This barrier does not work in humans, however. Although antibodies against PZP do not prevent sperm attachment to eggs, they can bind to the oocytes when in vitro.

Some of the best-known PZP uses are in captive animals. PZP has successfully decreased the Maryland white-tailed deer population and wild horses. It has also helped stabilize the South African elephant population. Research on novel PZP formulations continues to grow. For now, however, PZP is still the best option for contraception in wild animals.