Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 3 (DYRK3)

Dual-specificity protein kinase that promotes disassembly of several types of membraneless organelles during mitosis, such as stress granules, nuclear speckles and pericentriolar material (PubMed:29973724). Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinases (DYRKs) autophosphorylate an essential tyrosine residue in their activation loop and phosphorylate their substrate on serine and threonine residues (PubMed:9748265, PubMed:29634919).

Acts as a central dissolvase of membraneless organelles during the G2-to-M transition, after the nuclear- envelope breakdown: functions by mediating phosphorylation of multiple serine and threonine residues in unstructured domains of proteins, such as SRRM1 and PCM1 (PubMed:29973724). Doesn't mediate disassembly of all membraneless organelles: disassembly of P-body and nucleolus isn't governed by DYRK3 (PubMed:29973724).