Apolipoprotein C-III Antibodies

Apolipoprotein C-III (APOC3)

Component of triglyceride-rich very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) in plasma (PubMed:18201179, PubMed:22510806). Plays a multifaceted role in triglyceride homeostasis (PubMed:18201179, PubMed:22510806).

Intracellularly, promotes hepatic very low density lipoprotein 1 (VLDL1) secretion and assembly; extracellularly, attenuates hydrolysis and clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) (PubMed:18201179, PubMed:22510806). Impairs the lipolysis of TRLs by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase and the hepatic uptake of TRLs by remnant receptors (PubMed:18201179, PubMed:22510806).

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	APOC3
Uniprot:	P02656
Entrez:	345

Family

Belongs to:
apolipoprotein C3 family

Alternative Names

APOC3; APOCIII; apo-CIII; apoC-III; Apolipoprotein C3; apolipoprotein C-III; MGC150353

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
10.852 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	11q23.3
Sequence:	11; NC_000011.10 (116829907..116833072)

Tissue Specificity

Liver.

Subcellular Localizations

Secreted.

Diseases

• Diabetes Mellitus
• Cardiovascular Diseases
• Coronary Heart Disease
• Diabetes Mellitus, Non-insulin-dependent
• Obesity
• Heart Diseases
• Dysequilibrium Syndrome
• Dyslipidemias
• Insulin Resistance
• Coronary Artery Disease
• Atherosclerosis
• Hyperlipidemia
• Liver Diseases

• Fatty Liver
• Metabolic Syndrome X
• Arteriosclerosis
• Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
• Combined Hyperlipidaemia
• 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Deficiency
• Cholangiocarcinoma

Pathways

• Secretion
• Pathogenesis
• Transport
• Lipid Transport
• Platelet Aggregation
• Flight
• Lipid Homeostasis
• Localization
• Glucose Homeostasis
• Cholesterol Efflux
• Lipid Binding
• Cognition
• Aging

• Immune Response
• Inflammatory Response
• Translation
• Cell Cycle
• Liver Regeneration
• Cholesterol Transport
• Triglyceride Homeostasis

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Cleavage

• Glycosylation
• Oxidation

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/APOC3

Boster Bio - Best Uses Of The APOC3 Marker

This Boster Bio article contains more information about APOC3. Find out more about the APOC3 genotype and its use in HAART. You can also get product credits for your research and use. This information is applicable for all scientists across the globe. Here's how. To make better decisions about the options for treatment You can use the APOC3 marker.

APOC3

Researchers have discovered that the APOC3 gene variant is predictive of the levels of plasma lipids in HIV-1-infected children. They conducted multivariate and retrospective analyses of the APOC3 genotype among 130 HIV-1-infected children in Argentina. They analyzed data using both generalized and linear mixed models using linear regression. They found that the APOC3 genotype was significant for predicting the risk of hypercholesterolemia, especially among triple and double heterozygotes. However, the risk of hypercholesterolemia only became evident in the initial few months of Ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor regimens.

The APOC3 gene encodes a protein known as apoCIII. It is a component of the very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). It slows down the degradation of triglyceride-rich particles by inhibiting the activities of lipoprotein lipases and hepatic lipases. It is therefore a highly relevant marker in the research of lipoprotein metabolism and hypertriglyceridemia.

APOC3 genotype

Known genetic variations in apolipoprotein genes could have significant implications in the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infections. Researchers investigated APOC3 polymorphisms in HIV-1-infected children in Argentina. The studies were retrospective, and APOC3 levels were analysed using generalized linear mixed models, after adjusting to possible confounding factors.

Although the precise role of rs4225 remains unclear the fact that it interacts with miR-471 which blocks the translation of APOC3. This interaction may play a role in decreasing CHD risks. Future research could examine the effects of rs4225 on the expression of APOC3 and the levels of triglycerides. This knowledge could aid in developing better strategies for prevention and treatment for CHD.

The APOC3 protein is one of the components of the triglyceride rich lipoproteins. It functions to prevent the hydrolysis of lipoproteins in blood and maintain triglyceride levels. Exome sequencing is the most commonly used method for analyzing genetic variants of APOC3, however, many researchers have discovered that there is a connection between genotype and risk of CHD or HTG. Two functional polymorphisms within APOC3 are located in a region that regulates insulin and may affect the expression of the gene.

Boster Biologicals makes ELISA kits and research antibodies that target the APOC3 gene. These kits are able to detect cancer biomarkers across a variety of fields that include neuroscience, developmental biology, and inflammation. The antibody kit from the company can be purchased from Tebubio. The company also offers antibodies for molecular diagnostics. In addition to offering diagnostic and research tools The company also offers custom antibody kits and services for analysis of the immune system.

markers for APOC3

The APOC3 gene encodes apoCIII. It is a component found in very low density lipoproteins. It blocks the enzymes that catabolize triglyceride rich particles and delays their degradation. It is a key component of lipid-soluble proteins, which includes cholesterol. In humans, it assists to keep cholesterol levels in check by delaying the catabolism of triglyceride-rich particles.

APO3 in HAART

While the role of APOC3 in HAART is still a subject of debate, two recent studies have demonstrated its potential. Both trials demonstrated positive results for patients with high APOC3 levels who were treated with HAART. Using a PCR-based method, APOC3 promoter regions were amplified in samples from 199 HIV-infected individuals. The method that uses PCR, which needs nuclease-free , water, has a sensitivity of 99%.

This study shows that genetic testing is an alternative prior to HAART due to the high prevalence of APOC3 variants. In actual fact, 17.9% of patients had one or more variant alleles of APOC3 while 5.8 percent had two or more. Further studies are required to determine whether this genetic testing can be beneficial to patients receiving HART or not. The authors suggest a more extensive randomised study to test the role played by APOC3 genotypes in HAART.

Additionally, polymorphisms of APOC3 were associated with higher levels of triglycerides APC3 and apo E in HAART patients. These findings suggest that APOC3 polymorphisms could be linked with lipoatrophy in HAART patients. If further research is completed, the results will provide valuable insight into the role of APOC3 within the HAART procedure.

These results confirm the importance APOC3 polymorphisms for HIV. APO genes have been demonstrated to be associated with HIV patients' recovery of CD4. Patients who had HAART-resistant HIV had higher TG levels and TC than those who have APOC3 mutations. The association between APOC3 polymorphisms and CD4 was not found to be significant, according to the authors.

This study shows that HAART treatment may be a good predictor of plasma lipid levels in adult patients with polymorphisms in APOC3. Additionally, they discovered a positive correlation between APOC3 genotypes and dyslipidaemia in prospective HIV-1-infected patients. The authors conclude that further research is needed to confirm this finding in children of the same HIV-infected mother.

In spite of the insufficient evidence, the results suggest that screening patients suffering from APOC3 genotypes T-455CC is vital. This could help in preventing diseases of the lipids that may result from treatment if they are detected early enough. Studies on lipodystrophy in AIDS patients also suggest a link. Therefore tests for genetics should be conducted to identify patients with these conditions before they begin their treatment.