1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3 (PNPLA3)

Specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. Doesn't esterify other lysophospholipids.

Acyl donors are long chain (at least C16) fatty acyl-CoAs: arachidonoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, oleoyl-CoA and at a lesser extent palmitoyl-CoA (PubMed:22560221). Additionally owns low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase activities and thus may play a part in acyl-chain remodeling of triglycerides (PubMed:15364929, PubMed:20034933, PubMed:22560221).