Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 15 (USP15)

Hydrolase that removes conjugated ubiquitin from target proteins and regulates various pathways such as the TGF-beta receptor signaling, NF-kappa-B and RNF41/NRDP1-PRKN pathways (PubMed:21947082, PubMed:22344298, PubMed:24852371, PubMed:16005295, PubMed:17318178, PubMed:19826004, PubMed:19576224). Acts as a key regulator of TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway, but the exact mechanism is still unclear: according to a report, acts by encouraging deubiquitination of monoubiquitinated R-SMADs (SMAD1, SMAD2 and/or SMAD3), thereby alleviating inhibition of R-SMADs and encouraging activation of TGF- beta target genes (PubMed:21947082).

According to another reports, regulates the TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway by mediating deubiquitination and stabilization of TGFBR1, leading to an enhanced TGF-beta signal (PubMed:22344298). Able to mediate deubiquitination of monoubiquitinated substrates and'Lys- 48'-linked polyubiquitin chains, protecting them against proteasomal degradation.