ANGPTL4 Antibodies

Angiopoietin-related protein 4 (ANGPTL4)

May act as a regulator of angiogenesis and regulate tumorigenesis. Inhibits proliferation, migration, and tubule formation of endothelial cells and reduces vascular leakage.

May exert a protective role on endothelial cells through an endocrine action. It's directly involved in regulating glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	ANGPTL4
Uniprot:	Q9BY76
Entrez:	51129

Family

Belongs to:
No superfamily

Alternative Names

Angiopoietin like Protein 4; angiopoietin-like 4; Angiopoietin-like Protein 4; ANGPTL4; ARP4fasting-induced adipose factor; FIAF; FIAFhepatic angiopoietin-related protein; Hepatic fibrinogen/angiopoietin-related protein; HFARP; HFARPANGPTL2; NL2; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma inducedangiopoietin-related protein; PGAR; PGARangiopoietin-related protein 4; pp1158; PPARG angiopoietin related protein

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
45.214 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	19p13.2
Sequence:	19; NC_000019.10 (8364129..8374373)

Tissue Specificity

Expressed at high levels in the placenta, heart, liver, muscle, pancreas and lung but expressed poorly in the brain and kidney.

Subcellular Localizations

Secreted. Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. The unprocessed form interacts with the extracellular matrix (PubMed:17068295, PubMed:21398697). This may constitute a dynamic reservoir, a regulatory mechanism of the bioavailability of ANGPTL4 (Probable).

Diseases

• Malignant Neoplasms
• Neoplasms
• Obesity
• Tumor Angiogenesis
• Hypoxia
• Neoplasm Metastasis
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Inflammation
• Insulin Resistance
• Pathologic Neovascularization
• Carcinoma
• Atherosclerosis

• Diabetes Mellitus, Non-insulin-dependent
• Insulin Sensitivity
• Liver Carcinoma
• Cell Invasion
• Hyperlipidemia
• Tissue Adhesions
• Mammary Neoplasms

Interacting Proteins

• ITGB1
• ITGB5

Pathways

• Angiogenesis
• Secretion
• Cell Proliferation
• Cell Migration
• Energy Homeostasis
• Pathogenesis
• Cell Growth
• Glucose Homeostasis
• Inflammatory Response
• Response To Hypoxia
• Lipid Homeostasis
• Transport
• Anoikis

• Fatty Acid Oxidation
• Cell Adhesion
• Tube Formation
• Rna Interference
• Glycosylation
• Protein Secretion
• Cell Cycle

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Oxidation
• Cleavage

• Glycosylation
• Acetylation
• Methylation

Research Areas

• Apoptosis
• Cancer
• Hypoxia
• Lipid and Metabolism
• Transcription Factors and Regulators

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/ANGPTL4

Best Uses Of The ANGPTL4 Marker

Angptl4 is a protein encoded by the ANGPTL4 gene in humans. This protein is essential for cell growth and signaling pathways in the brain. Boster Bio offers antibodies against this protein, and has extensive knowledge of the quality of its product. The Boster Bio platform has multiple platforms for testing antibodies for specificity and high affinity. Additionally, the company offers early reviewers product credits that are distributed with scientists around the world.

ANGPTL4 Marker

ANGPTL4 is a multifunctional stem cells that triggers healing of tissues and regulates the immune system in inflammatory lesions. The ANGPTL4 recombinant protein significantly decreased proinflammatory mediators as well as increased antiinflammatory mediators. It was injected into infarcted heart tissue and resulted into significant functional and structural recoveries. This study has significant implications for the health of humans.

ANGPTL4 protein has been extensively studied for over 10 years. Recent research has demonstrated that this multifunctional cytokine is vital in energy homeostasis, regulation of inflammation, as well as other functions. It also plays a role in the progression of tumors and is involved in the process of generating hypoxia. Despite its multifunctionality however, it remains a poorly understood subject in cancer research. It is possible to identify anangptl4 through a simple, simple test.

The increase in FFA levels following intense exercise stimulates lipolysis in the the adipose tissue. Excessive FFA levels in the bloodstream can lead to lipotoxicity in muscles that aren't exercising. In addition, ANGPTL4 works as an antilipotoxic fatty acid-inducible factor in cardiomyocytes and macrophages. In addition, increases from exercise in plasma FFA stimulate ANGPTL4 production in muscles that are not exercising. It also blocks LPL activity, and compensates for an increase in plasma FFA by suppressing LPL activation.

Researchers have found that ANGPTL4 is a key ingredient in the treatment of the inflammation of the heart and improves its function in mice with an MI model. These studies involved injecting ANGPTL4 into mice suffering from MI. Two days after, heart and plasma tissue samples were taken to determine inflammation markers. The mice treated with ANGPTL4 had higher levels of anti-inflammatory markers , while the subjects showed an increase in pro-inflammatory markers. The mice treated with ANGPTL4 showed lower levels of IL-1b , IL-6 and IL-1.

Another study examined the effects of increased ANGPTL4 levels upon cholesterol biosynthesis. The uptake of hepatic cholesterol was significantly reduced when ANGPTL4 expression was detected in muscle tissue. This results in an increase in cholesterol biosynthesis. Many medical applications are made of Angptl4. The research also provides insight into the mechanism of cholesterol production. The research also identified a role for ANGPTL4 in the regulation of cholesterol levels in the liver.

The ANGPTL4 protein is a crucial regulator of MSCs in an inflammation mouse model. ANGPTL4-deficient mice had less MSC modulatory activities against stimulated macrophages. These findings are backed by animal models of MI, peritonitis and other conditions. However the effects of ANGPTL4 weren't complete. It was also discovered that mice treated with ANGPTL4 showed some inhibition of inflammation.

When Angptl4 levels are elevated it can affect hepatic gene expression. Genes in Angptl4-transgenic mice showed an increased expression of 103 probe sets in the liver. Forty-three genes were directly associated in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and isopentenyl phosphate d isomerase. These changes were confirmed with QPCR.

Angptl4 is a protein that is encoded in humans by the ANGPTL4 gene

The ANGPTL4 gene encodes a glycosylated secreted protein with a fibrinogen C'terminal domain. It has been implicated in numerous cancers, and is a target of peroxisome proliferation activators. It could also be involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, metabolism of lipids. It could also be a factor in tumor growth and anoikis, the dissociation of contact-dependent cells from their matrix.

Storage of the ANGPTL4 Marker

Stored ANGPTL4 is among the proteins that control various parameters that affect the levels of lipids. This gene is secreted by neurons and regulates many aspects of our bodies, including cell metabolism, growth and aging. Angptl4 also influences other parameters beyond the level of lipids. Recent research has proven that Angptl4 has an impact on CHD risk. The study also showed that the E40K variant is associated with an increased risk of developing coronary heart disease. However, it is not clear if ANGPTL4 is affecting other tissues as well.

In addition, the overexpression of ANGPTL4 decreases exercise performance, possibly because Angptl4 blocks the transfer of the fatty acids from plasma TG to muscle, and restricts the use of liver glycogen, a major fuel source for exercise mice. Previously, ANGPTL4 was thought to decrease lipid absorption in the muscle, but it was also discovered to enhance the utilization of TG during exercise.

In the last decade, ANGPTL4 was studied for its various functions. It has been identified as a major player in energy homoeostasis . It also is involved in the differentiation of adipocytes. It regulates glucose metabolism and inhibits lipoprotein Lipase. It also interacts with a variety of Integrins. This protein can be found in a variety of tissues, including the con.

AMPK is a major component in the storage of ANGPTL4 the body. An increase in FFA in blood increase the mRNA levels of ANGPTL4. After exercise plasma FFA levels are elevated for a period of time. The ANGPTL4 gene is present in all muscles of the body. There are two ways that FFA levels influence the expression of ANGPTL4.

Although the mechanism of action is not completely understood, co-expression of the ANGPTL4 gene in adipose tissues and muscle is a significant characteristic. It suggests that ANGPTL4 functions by inhibiting LPL in tissues that have specific lipid levels. This gene plays a very important role in the pathophysiology of adipose tissues. This enzyme could be a promising therapeutic target.

The expression of ANGPTL4 increased in the fasted state compared to the fed state in the muscle skeletal. It is likely that the circulating factor was the plasma free fatty acids which increased during one-legged cycles. The ANGPTL4 gene is regulated by free acids and AMPK. It is also present in non-exercising muscles.

ANGPTL4 regulates lipid absorption and utilization in macrophages. Additionally, it regulates the expression of genes involved in the regulation of lipid utilization and uptake. It is found in numerous tissues including the liver and skin. This gene is vital for the proper functioning of macrophages. It also plays important roles in inflammation and cancer. It is therefore crucial to understand the function played by ANGPTL4 when it comes to cancer.