Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 (ATG7)

Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 as well as the ATG8 family proteins due to their conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine. Both systems are necessary for the ATG8 institution to Cvt vesicles and autophagosomes membranes.

Required for autophagic death induced by caspase-8 inhibition. Required for mitophagy which leads to modulate adrenal quantity and quality by removing the mitochondria to a basal level to meet cellular energy demands and preventing excess ROS production.