Axin-1 (AXIN1)

Part of the beta-catenin destruction complex necessary for regulating CTNNB1 levels through phosphorylation and ubiquitination, and modulating Wnt-signaling (PubMed:12192039, PubMed:27098453). Controls dorsoventral patterning via two opposing effects; down-regulates CTNNB1 to inhibit the Wnt signaling pathway and ventralize embryos, but also dorsalizes embryos by sparking a Wnt-independent JNK signaling pathway (PubMed:12192039).

Likely to be a tumor suppressor. Enhances TGF-beta signaling by recruiting the RNF111 E3 ubiquitin ligase and promoting the degradation of inhibitory SMAD7 (PubMed:16601693).