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- Table of Contents
Facts about Secreted frizzled-related protein 4.
SFRP4 plays a role in bone morphogenesis. May also function as a regulator of adult uterine morphology and function.
Human | |
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Gene Name: | SFRP4 |
Uniprot: | Q6FHJ7 |
Entrez: | 6424 |
Belongs to: |
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secreted frizzled-related protein (sFRP) family |
DDC-4; Frizzled protein, human endometrium; FRP-4; FRP-AP; frpHE; FRPHEMGC26498; FrzB2; secreted frizzled-related protein 4; secreted frizzled-related protein 4; secreted frizzled-related protein 4; sFRP4; sFRP-4
Mass (kDA):
39.827 kDA
Human | |
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Location: | 7p14.1 |
Sequence: | 7; NC_000007.14 (37905932..37916817, complement) |
Expressed in mesenchymal cells. Highly expressed in the stroma of proliferative endometrium. Expressed in cardiomyocytes. Shows moderate to strong expression in ovarian tumors with expression increasing as the tumor stage increases. In ovarian tumors, expression levels are inversely correlated with expression of CTNNB1 (at protein level).
Secreted. Cytoplasmic in ovarian tumor cells.
When researching the best ELISA tools, you should learn about SFRP4 (and its use in a laboratory). This sensitivity marker has multiple benefits for immunohistochemistry. For more information, read on. Boster created his first product in 1993. In the following years, he developed several products for IHC/ELISA, and eventually, hundreds of primary antibodies. As of the late 1990s, Boster was China's largest catalog antibody manufacturer. Boster also has trade secrets that provide high-sensitivity ELISA Kits.
The SFRP4 family member encodes a cysteine -rich domain. It regulates cell proliferation and differentiation. The methylation of this gene is a biomarker in colorectal and other forms of cancer. Besides colorectal cancer, SFRP4 may also be important for eye retinal development and muscle myogenesis. It was discovered in 1993 by Steven Boster. By the end of the 90s, the company had become the largest Chinese catalog-antibody company. PicoKine(tm), (r), is the company's proprietary ELISA system. This platform offers high-sensitivity ELISA Kits.
The SFRP4 identifier has a variable amino acid sequence. It shows a high level in species conservation and a low degree variation within individuals. The green boxes indicate mutations, while the sites where variants occurred include blue, gray, or navy blue. The p.54 position in the SFRP4 gene is home to a negatively charged amino acid. The mutation was discovered in both the affected patient and the unaffected mother/father.
CSCs are located in anatomically distinct areas of tumor microenvironment, called niches. These niches are able to preserve phenotypic plasticity and facilitate metastatic potential. They also express drug efflux transporters. CSCs have spheroid-forming potential, and the gene sFRP4 hinders this ability. The gene, sFRP4, regulates cell-cell adhesion. It also decreases CSC plasticity. It also initiates differentiation towards cancer cells by reducing the cancer stem cell's self renewal capacity. sFRP4 can be used to develop targeted cancer therapies.
The SFRP4 gene encodes a variety of stemness transcription factors. These proteins are found in tumor microenvironments and correlate with tumor metastasis. cMyc inhibits apoptosis. sFRP4 can regulate CSCs' expression. The gene has important roles in the development of long bones. Its absence causes a distinct phenotype for the trabecular and cortical bones, respectively.
When combined with chemotherapy, sFRP4 causes disruption of the spheres and functions of CSCs. This treatment also decreases expression of cisplatin (doxorubicin) The spheres were then dissociated after 24 hours. The cells were then maintained in CSC culture medium or low-attachment-surface plates for functional studies. These are some of the applications that make the most of the SFRP4 markers.
Careful preparation is necessary when using sFRP4 to conduct cancer research. As described elsewhere, protein extraction was performed as follows. DNA was methylated using a kit manufactured by Zymo Research. The kit contains 134 CpG Dinucleotide Dinucleotides. Quantity One was used for molecular analysis. The final results were scored. It is not surprising to see strong associations between the sFRP4 gene and pituitary Adenomas.
SFRP4 is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome. It is associated with higher BMI, waist circumference and triglycerides following standard lipid challenges. Interestingly, SFRP4 has been associated with aggressiveness. However a separate cohort found no relationship between sFRP4 or prostate cancer. A high level of SFRP4 gene activity is associated with aggressiveness and recurrence in patients who have had surgery. Future research should examine its mechanistic effects.
Recently, the SFRP family was identified as a target for prostate cancer. The SFRP gene group has 5 members and regulates WNT signaling. These proteins act as tumor suppressors and are commonly expressed in human carcinomas. These results suggest that the cancer family could play an important part in prostate cancer. To assess their methylation status the researchers examined 40 patients with cutaneous-squamous cancer and forty healthy men.
SFRP3 is one of the secreted Frizzled-related protein (sFRPs) family. It has been demonstrated to inhibit Wnt-signaling by binding directly to the Wnt Protein. Its homology in Frizzleds shows that it plays an essential role in cell growth and differentiation. It is also essential for neural development. Here are the different effects of SFRP3 in different parts.
SFRP3 was originally expressed in the dorsal root ganglia and ventricular zone. It was found to be expressed in the spinal cord dorsal hair and a subpopulation DRG neuron. The spatiotemporally responsive expression of SFRP3 strongly suggests a possible role in sensory nerve genesis and/or circuit construction.
In vitro, SFRP2 inhibits fibrosis. It also restores LV function to patients with MI. It is also a vital paracrine factor, secreted Akt-MSC. This drug may also have antifibrotic effects over the long-term. It is important to understand the mechanism behind SFRP3 before it can be used in human trials. Boster Bio's drug-development efforts have a lot of potential to use SFRP3.
It is still a controversial topic in research despite its potential role in lung carcinoma prevention. Although it has been difficult to find a reliable genetic test for SFRP3, researchers are confident in its effectiveness in clinical trials. They now offer it as a downloadable product. The downloadable version of this biotech product works with both Mac and Windows computers. It is available on the BosterBio website.
These encouraging results suggest that SFRP3 might be able help improve the prediction for lung cancer. However, this gene is highly correlated with tobacco consumption and has weak discriminative properties. It also exhibits poor association with SCLC, as compared to the control group. The PRSs for LC are not able to discriminate well. It is crucial to improve their sensitivity for lung cancer research.
PMID: 10211996 by Abu-Jawdeh G.M., et al. Differential expression of frpHE: a novel human stromal protein of the secreted frizzled gene family, during the endometrial cycle and malignancy.
PMID: 12952927 by Berndt T., et al. Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 is a potent tumor-derived phosphaturic agent.