ZMYND8 / MYND-type zinc finger-containing chromatin reader ZMYND8 · IHC design guide

Design Immunohistochemistry for ZMYND8

Plan ZMYND8 chromogenic IHC on paraffin sections using 2–5 μg/ml catalog antibody (datasheet A06830-2). Assess nuclear and cytoplasmic staining, using cerebral cortex neuronal cells as a high-staining reference (HPA tissue IHC).

Evidence assembled Oct 2026 · For research use; verify linked source records and product datasheet before use
Immunohistochemistry protocol sheet for ZMYND8 (IHC for ZMYND8): expected localisation Nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC), antibody A06830-2, validated IHC image, and IHC protocol steps
Printable ZMYND8 IHC protocol sheet — expected localisation Nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC), antibody A06830-2, controls and protocol steps. Open the full ZMYND8 IHC guide →

ZMYND8 Immunohistochemistry Experimental Design Guide

Expected localisation, validated protocols, controls and antibodies — the at-a-glance facts below, then the full design guide.

Must know before staining
Expected localisation Nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in most tissues (HPA tissue IHC)
Staining pattern Most tissues show nuclear and cytoplasmic cell staining (HPA tissue IHC)
Antigen retrieval EDTA pH 8.0 HIER, heat-mediated (datasheet A06830-2)
Positive control ⓘ Cerebellum+4 more · see all
Negative control ⓘ Adipose tissue+1 more · see all
Important caveats
Reasons your staining may differ from the expected pattern.
Fixation Keep fixation consistent across paraffin sections (standard IHC practice; not target-specific)
Caveat Antibody staining and RNA show low consistency (HPA tissue IHC)
Regulation DNA damage recruits ZMYND8 to chromatin (UniProt)
Isoform / epitope 23 isoforms; check epitope coverage across variants (UniProt)
Section 1

Recommended ZMYND8 IHC & IF Protocols

The catalog antibody uses heat-mediated EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 (datasheet A06830-2). These three published ZMYND8 IHC protocols provide additional sample-specific conditions (PMC6713802; PMC12032076; PMC10159884).

Recommended immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) protocol parameters
SampleParaffin-embedded human cervical cancer tissue; fixative not specified (datasheet A06830-2)
FixationImage fixative and duration unreported (datasheet A06830-2); verify before use.
Sectioning4–5 µm sections on charged slides (standard)
DeparaffinisationXylene, graded ethanol series to water (standard)
Antigen retrievalHeat retrieval: EDTA pH 8.0 (datasheet A06830-2); 20 min, 95–100 °C (standard)
Peroxidase block3% H2O2, 10 min, room temperature (standard)
Blocking10% goat serum (datasheet A06830-2)
Primary antibodyRabbit anti-ZMYND8, 2-5 μg/ml (datasheet A06830-2)
Primary incubationOvernight at 4 °C (datasheet A06830-2)
DetectionHRP-conjugated secondary, DAB chromogen (datasheet A06830-2)
CounterstainHematoxylin, blue, dehydrate and mount (standard)
Expected resultZMYND8-positive staining in cells in molecular layer of cerebellum (HPA tissue IHC: High). HPA tissue profile: Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression in most tissues. No signal in the no-primary control.
💡Decision noteStart with EDTA pH 8.0 for the catalog antibody (datasheet A06830-2). The NPC and neurosphere protocols instead used citrate retrieval (PMC6713802; PMC10159884).
Section 2

What Is the Expected ZMYND8 Staining Pattern?

ZMYND8 staining can appear in nuclei and cytoplasm across many tissues (HPA: cytoplasmic and nuclear expression in most tissues; UniProt Q9ULU4: nucleus and cytoplasm). Look particularly at neuronal cells in cerebral cortex, cells in the cerebellar molecular layer, and gallbladder glandular cells (HPA: High in each). Interpret the pattern cautiously: HPA rates its tissue IHC evidence Approved but reports low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression, pending external verification.

What am I looking at on my slide?
Distinct nuclear staining, with or without cytoplasmic staining, in neuronal cells or gallbladder glands.Consistent with the reported compartments and cell types (HPA: cytoplasmic and nuclear expression in most tissues; High in cerebral cortex neuronal cells and gallbladder glandular cells). Score the intended cells against adjacent tissue and the negative control; HPA's Approved rating still carries a low consistency caveat (HPA: reliability description).
Strong staining is confined to extracellular material, cell borders, or blank areas of the section.These locations do not match the reported nuclear and cytoplasmic distribution (HPA: tissue IHC profile; UniProt Q9ULU4: nucleus and cytoplasm). Suspect an artefact and inspect morphology and control sections. Cytoplasmic staining within cells alone is compatible with the record (HPA: tissue IHC profile; UniProt Q9ULU4: DBN1-associated cytoplasmic sequestration).
Prominent signal appears in adipocytes or ovarian stromal cells while expected positive cells are weak.Investigate nonspecific antibody binding or endogenous detection activity before calling it ZMYND8: those cell types are Not detected in HPA tissue IHC (HPA: adipocytes; ovarian stroma cells). A negative tissue observation is a comparison point, not proof that every specimen must remain unstained (HPA: low antibody staining and RNA consistency).
A diffuse stain covers many tissue structures and obscures nuclei and cell boundaries.The distribution cannot be scored reliably as cellular nuclear or cytoplasmic ZMYND8 (HPA: tissue IHC profile). In chromogenic IHC, background can reflect nonspecific binding, incomplete blocking, excessive detection signal, or endogenous activity (general IHC practice); compare a no-primary control before changing the interpretation.
A presumed positive section has no detectable stain in its expected cell population.First verify that the chosen cells are among those reported High, such as cerebral cortex neuronal cells or gallbladder glands (HPA: High in each). An absent signal may reflect an assay failure or specimen variation (general IHC practice); the HPA Approved rating does not guarantee staining in every preparation (HPA: low consistency, pending external verification).
💡Expected ZMYND8 appearanceCall the IHC result positive when identifiable neuronal or gallbladder glandular cells show clear nuclear and/or cytoplasmic staining, potentially High relative to surrounding cells (HPA: tissue IHC profile; High in cerebral cortex neuronal cells and gallbladder glands); diffuse extracellular or border-only color is suspect (HPA: tissue IHC profile; general IHC practice).
How each factor affects the staining
Cell and tissue selectionUse a reported High population as a positive comparison, such as cerebellar molecular-layer cells, cerebral cortex neuronal cells, or gallbladder glands (HPA: High in each). Adipocytes and ovarian stromal cells are reported Not detected, so they offer useful low-signal comparisons within the limits of HPA's reliability caveat (HPA: tissue IHC; low consistency).
Antibody evidenceHPA020949 is Approved for IHC, while HPA051579 has Supported ICC evidence with no IHC status listed (HPA: antibody validation). Keep conclusions tied to the IHC antibody and the observed tissue pattern; HPA reports low consistency with RNA data and says external verification is pending (HPA: tissue IHC reliability description).
Isoform coverageUniProt lists 23 ZMYND8 isoforms (UniProt Q9ULU4: isoforms). The supplied antibody records do not identify epitopes or isoform coverage (HPA: antibody records supplied); therefore a staining difference cannot be assigned to an isoform from these data alone.
IF/ICC Q: Should I require nucleolar staining in paraffin IHC?No. HPA reports mainly nucleolar staining with additional nucleoplasmic staining in ICC-IF (HPA: supported subcellular locations), while its tissue IHC profile reports nuclear and cytoplasmic expression (HPA: tissue IHC profile). Assess each application against its own evidence; the supported ICC record does not specify an IHC result (HPA: HPA051579 validation).
Target-specific fixation sensitivityNo ZMYND8-specific fixation effect is reported in the supplied UniProt or HPA records. If signal varies across preparations, document the conditions and use controls (general IHC practice); do not infer a ZMYND8 epitope or sensitivity change from tissue staining levels (HPA: tissue IHC levels).
Why is my staining missing, weak or wrong?
SituationLikely causeNext action
High-control cells are blank.The section may have failed to generate a detectable chromogenic signal, or the selected cells may differ from the HPA reference (general IHC practice; HPA: low consistency).Confirm cell identity in a reported High tissue, such as cerebral cortex neuronal cells (HPA: High); check the antibody's IHC validation and run an assay control (HPA: HPA020949 IHC Approved; general IHC practice).
Color appears broadly in a no-primary control.Primary-antibody-independent deposition can arise from endogenous detection activity or the detection reagents (general chromogenic IHC practice).Review the enzyme-blocking and detection steps, then compare matched sections processed with and without primary antibody (general IHC practice). Do not score control-associated color as ZMYND8.
Adipocytes or ovarian stromal cells stain strongly.These populations are reported Not detected, so nonspecific binding or detection background is plausible (HPA: adipocytes and ovarian stromal cells).Compare the same cell types in a no-primary section, inspect morphology, and adjust blocking or detection conditions if background persists (general IHC practice). Treat the HPA negative pattern as a reference, given its low consistency caveat (HPA: reliability description).
Only cytoplasmic staining is visible in an otherwise plausible positive cell.Cytoplasmic ZMYND8 is possible (HPA: tissue IHC profile; UniProt Q9ULU4: DBN1-associated cytoplasmic sequestration), so compartment alone does not establish artefact.Check that color is intracellular and belongs to the expected cell population; compare nuclear counterstain and controls before scoring it (general IHC practice; HPA: tissue IHC profile).
Staining masks nuclei or tissue boundaries.Excessive chromogenic signal or nonspecific background can prevent compartment assessment (general IHC practice).Compare control sections and titrate the detection conditions using the selected IHC antibody (general IHC practice; HPA: HPA020949 IHC Approved). Re-score only when cell borders and nuclei can be distinguished.
Two specimens show different nuclear-to-cytoplasmic patterns.ZMYND8 has both reported compartments, and cytoplasmic sequestration can occur through DBN1 interaction (HPA: tissue IHC profile; UniProt Q9ULU4: DBN1 interaction).Record each compartment separately in the same cell type, review morphology and controls, and avoid assigning a mechanism from IHC alone (general IHC practice). Consider HPA's low consistency caveat when comparing specimens (HPA: reliability description).

Sample controls for ZMYND8 IHC & IF

🧪Run cerebral cortex first and score neuronal cells, which show High staining (HPA: cerebral cortex, neuronal cells, High). Use adipose tissue as the negative tissue, where adipocytes are Not detected (HPA: adipose tissue, adipocytes, Not detected); astrocytes within the cortex should lack specific staining (UniProt Q9ULU4: absent in astrocytes at protein level, PubMed:36064715).
Positive control tissue: Cerebellum (Cells in molecular layer, HPA High)
Negative control tissue: Adipose tissue (HPA Not detected)
ICC-IF cell lines (HPA subcellular resource): HPA ICC-IF images show ZMYND8 in A-431, U-251MG, U2OS, NIH 3T3, with annotated localisation: Nucleoli (supported) (HPA subcellular).
Technical controls: Include a no-primary, secondary-only control, a matched rabbit IgG isotype control, and ZMYND8 knockout tissue or cells as a biological negative (selected-SKU caption: rabbit primary antibody; standard IHC control practice). For chromogenic cortex sections, quench endogenous peroxidase; if assessing IF, check an unstained section for tissue autofluorescence (standard IHC/IF practice).
⚠️Feasibility: A target-specific fixation window or fixation effect is unreported, and the selected-SKU paraffin-section caption does not state the fixative (selected-SKU tissue-IHC caption: fixative not stated). The caption uses heat-mediated retrieval in EDTA pH 8.0, but does not establish that retrieval is required or that frozen sections or IF are easier (selected-SKU tissue-IHC caption: EDTA retrieval; HPA: ICC-IF images only). For cortex, assess staining in neuronal cells against unstained astrocytes, and check tissue autofluorescence if using IF; HPA ICC-IF reports nucleolar and additional nucleoplasmic localization, which can guide localization review without setting an IHC scoring threshold (HPA: cerebral cortex neuronal cells, High; UniProt Q9ULU4: astrocytes absent at protein level; HPA: ICC-IF subcellular localization; standard IF practice).

HPA tissue IHC evidence for ZMYND8

Comprehensive Human Protein Atlas IHC scoring per tissue (reliability: Approved — Low consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data. Pending external verification.). Rows are taken directly from the HPA tissue chart — click any row's HPA link to view the source.

Positive expression · recommended positive controls

TissueCell typeLevelEvidenceSource
Cerebellum Cells in molecular layer High Protein (IHC) HPA →
Cerebral cortex Neuronal cells High Protein (IHC) HPA →
Gallbladder Glandular cells High Protein (IHC) HPA →
Adrenal gland Glandular cells Medium Protein (IHC) HPA →
Appendix Glandular cells Medium Protein (IHC) HPA →

Undetected expression · recommended negative controls

TissueCell typeLevelEvidenceSource
Adipose tissue Adipocytes Not detected Protein (IHC) HPA →
Ovary Ovarian stroma cells Not detected Protein (IHC) HPA →
Section 3

Advanced ZMYND8 IHC Tips

Troubleshoot ZMYND8 staining in paraffin section IHC by checking retrieval, cellular compartment, controls, and scoring before interpreting differences between samples.

What retrieval should I start with when ZMYND8 staining is weak?
Start with heat mediated antigen retrieval in EDTA at pH 8.0 for paraffin sections (datasheet A06830-2). The selected tissue image used this retrieval before 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C, so reproduce those conditions when investigating weak staining (datasheet A06830-2). Check that the section stays covered during heating and compare retrieval durations on adjacent sections while holding detection conditions constant (standard IHC practice). Assess nuclear and cytoplasmic staining separately, since both compartments are reported for ZMYND8 (UniProt Q9ULU4; HPA tissue IHC). If signal remains weak, test an alternative retrieval buffer on matched sections and retain the condition that improves specific cellular staining without increasing background (standard IHC practice).
Could fixation explain variable ZMYND8 staining between paraffin sections?
The selected image documents a paraffin section but does not state its fixative, so ZMYND8 specific fixation sensitivity is unknown (datasheet A06830-2). Record each specimen’s fixative, fixation duration, processing history, and section age before attributing a staining difference to biology (standard IHC practice). Compare adjacent sections processed together with the same EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval and 2 μg/ml primary antibody conditions (datasheet A06830-2; standard IHC practice). Include a consistently stained reference section in each run to identify processing drift (standard IHC practice). Treat any fixation effect as a hypothesis until matched material demonstrates it, because the supplied product caption provides no fixation comparison (datasheet A06830-2).
How should I assess nuclear versus cytoplasmic ZMYND8 staining?
Score nuclear and cytoplasmic signal separately because ZMYND8 is reported in both compartments, as well as on chromosomes (UniProt Q9ULU4). Cytoplasmic staining can have a biological basis: interaction with DBN1 sequesters ZMYND8 there (UniProt Q9ULU4; PubMed:28966017). HPA tissue IHC also describes widespread nuclear and cytoplasmic expression, while its separate ICC/IF summary emphasizes nucleoli and nucleoplasm (HPA tissue IHC; HPA subcellular). Use a nuclear counterstain and inspect intact cells at high magnification before assigning a compartment (standard IHC practice). Confirm an unexpected compartment pattern across replicate sections and controls, since the HPA tissue profile has low staining–RNA consistency and awaits external verification (HPA tissue IHC).
Could isoforms or epitope accessibility cause discordant ZMYND8 staining?
ZMYND8 has 23 listed isoforms, so an antibody’s epitope position matters when comparing staining across samples or antibodies (UniProt Q9ULU4). Its bromodomain spans residues 145–252 and its PWWP domain spans 277–327, but the supplied caption does not identify the catalog antibody’s epitope (UniProt Q9ULU4; datasheet A06830-2). Check epitope documentation before treating discordant staining as isoform specific (standard IHC practice). ZMYND8 also has listed phosphorylation and acetylation sites, which make epitope masking a possibility rather than an established explanation for this antibody (UniProt Q9ULU4). Compare matched sections under the documented EDTA pH 8.0 retrieval, then seek independent target evidence for any proposed isoform pattern (datasheet A06830-2; standard IHC practice).
How can IF help investigate an ambiguous chromogenic ZMYND8 pattern?
Use IF as a separate validation experiment and multiplex ZMYND8 with a marker for the expected cell type, such as neuronal identity when examining neuronal cells (UniProt Q9ULU4; standard IF practice). HPA reports neuronal protein expression and supported nucleolar and nucleoplasmic ICC/IF localization, providing compartment expectations to examine without assuming every tissue section will match (UniProt Q9ULU4; HPA subcellular). Choose a fluorophore channel after checking tissue autofluorescence with an unstained control, then separate channels before judging overlap (standard IF practice). ZMYND8 has no transmembrane segment and occupies intracellular compartments, so optimize permeabilisation to expose the relevant cytoplasmic or nuclear epitope (UniProt Q9ULU4; standard IF practice). Compare IF findings with chromogenic IHC only after accounting for their distinct sample preparation and detection methods (standard IHC/IF practice).
What should I check when ZMYND8 DAB staining is diffuse?
First compare the stained section with a no primary control to assess secondary reagent, endogenous peroxidase, and chromogen background (standard IHC practice). Apply a peroxidase block before HRP and DAB detection, and verify that washing removes unbound reagent (standard IHC practice). The selected image used 10% goat serum blocking, 2 μg/ml primary antibody overnight at 4°C, and a peroxidase conjugated secondary for 30 minutes at 37°C (datasheet A06830-2). Compare intact cells with tissue edges, folds, and damaged regions before calling diffuse deposits positive (standard IHC practice). Because ZMYND8 can be cytoplasmic as well as nuclear, dismissing all cytoplasmic signal as background would also be unwarranted (UniProt Q9ULU4).
How should I quantify heterogeneous ZMYND8 staining across specimens? ⚠ ANSWER MARKED FOR VERIFICATION
Define the analysis region and score nuclear and cytoplasmic staining separately, since both are reported for ZMYND8 (UniProt Q9ULU4; HPA tissue IHC). For cellular staining, record the percentage of positive cells and an H-score using intensity categories of 0–3 across eligible cells (standard IHC practice). For sparse positive populations, report positive cell density per mm² of viable tissue and specify the compartment counted (standard IHC practice). Normalize comparisons to the same cell population or viable tissue area, section processing, counterstain, and scoring threshold (standard IHC practice). Include a reference section across staining runs and report nuclear and cytoplasmic results separately so shifts in localization do not masquerade as changes in total expression (standard IHC practice).
When is a ZMYND8 positive cell credible rather than artefactual?
A credible positive has cell associated staining in an interpretable nuclear or cytoplasmic compartment, both of which are reported for ZMYND8 (UniProt Q9ULU4; HPA tissue IHC). Inspect intact morphology and compare expected cell populations, such as neuronal cells with reported protein expression, against neighboring cells before assigning biological meaning (UniProt Q9ULU4; standard IHC practice). Treat edge staining, necrotic deposits, and signal retained in a no primary control as potential artefacts, including endogenous enzyme activity with HRP/DAB detection (standard IHC practice). Confirm a proposed pattern in independently processed sections and score compartments separately (standard IHC practice). HPA tissue staining has low consistency with RNA expression and is pending external verification, so use independent evidence for strong cell type or disease claims (HPA tissue IHC).
Boster reagents

Best ZMYND8 / MYND-type zinc finger-containing chromatin reader ZMYND8 IHC Antibodies

A06830-2 has IHC images from human paraffin sections and an IF image from U20S cells (catalog image captions); listed reactivity is human, mouse, and rat (catalog reactivity).

Real IHC data IHC analysis of ZMYND8 using anti-ZMYND8 antibody (A06830-2). ZMYND8 was detected in a paraffin-embedded section of human cervical cancer tissue. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed in EDTA buffer (pH 8.0, epitope retrieval solution). The tissue section was blocked with 10% goat serum. The tissue section was then incubated with 2 μg/ml rabbit anti-ZMYND8 Antibody (A06830-2) overnight at 4°C. Peroxidase Conjugated Goat Anti-rabbit IgG was used as secondary antibody and incubated for 30 minutes at 37°C. The tissue section was developed using HRP Conjugated Rabbit IgG Super Vision Assay Kit (Catalog # SV0002) with DAB as the chromogen.
Anti-ZMYND8 Antibody ®
Cat # A06830-2

A06830-2 has IHC images of human cervical cancer, colorectal adenocarcinoma, ovarian cancer, and placenta paraffin sections (A06830-2 IHC captions). It also has an IF image of U20S cells and lists ICC and IF applications (A06830-2 IF caption; catalog applications).

Which to pick: For tissue IHC, choose A06830-2: its paraffin section caption documents EDTA retrieval at pH 8.0 and 2 μg/ml primary antibody; the fixative is unreported (A06830-2 IHC caption). For IF/ICC, A06830-2 lists 5 μg/ml and has a U20S cell IF image (catalog dilution; A06830-2 IF caption). For cross-species work, A06830-2 lists human, mouse, and rat reactivity, though its IHC images show human tissue only; clonality is unreported.

Each figure is that product's own IHC / IF validation image from its datasheet.

References

  1. UniProt Consortium. UniProt entry Q9ULU4 (ZMYD8_HUMAN, MYND-type zinc finger-containing chromatin reader ZMYND8).
  2. Human Protein Atlas. ZMYND8 tissue IHC expression (reliability: Approved).
  3. Human Protein Atlas. ZMYND8 subcellular location (ICC-IF): Mainly localized to the nucleoli. In addition localized to the nucleoplasm..
  4. Human Protein Atlas. ZMYND8 antibody validation summary (2 antibodies).
  5. Low expression of ZMYND8 correlates with aggressive features and poor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer management and research 2019 — PMC6713802.
  6. The endogenous retrovirus-derived long noncoding RNA TROJAN promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression via ZMYND8 degradation. Science advances 2019 — PMC6402854.
  7. ZMYND8 drives HER2 antibody resistance in breast cancer via lipid control of IL-27. Nature communications 2025 — PMC12032076.
  8. Zinc Finger MYND-Type Containing 8 (ZMYND8) Is Epigenetically Regulated in Mutant Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) Glioma to Promote Radioresistance. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 2023 — PMC10159884.
  9. PubMed PMID:11003709 — UniProt-cited evidence.
  10. PubMed PMID:11149944 — UniProt-cited evidence.
  11. PubMed PMID:10574461 — UniProt-cited evidence.