Pro-interleukin-16 Antibodies

Pro-interleukin-16 (IL16)

Interleukin-16 stimulates a migratory response in CD4+ lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. Primes CD4+ T-cells for IL-2 and IL-15 responsiveness.

Additionally induces T-lymphocyte expression of interleukin 2 receptor. Ligand for CD4.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	IL16
Uniprot:	Q14005
Entrez:	3603

Family

Belongs to:
No superfamily

Alternative Names

FLJ16806; FLJ42735; FLJ44234; HsT19289; IL16; IL-16; interleukin 16 (lymphocyte chemoattractant factor); LCF; LCFprIL-16; lymphocyte chemoattractant factor; neuronal interleukin 16; NIL16; PRIL16; prointerleukin 16; pro-interleukin-16

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
141.752 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	15q25.1
Sequence:	15; NC_000015.10 (81196879..81314058)

Tissue Specificity

Isoform 3 is expressed in hemopoietic tissues, such as resting T-cells, but is undetectable during active T-cell proliferation.

Subcellular Localizations

[Interleukin-16]: Secreted.; [Isoform 1]: Cytoplasm.; [Isoform 3]: Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

Diseases

• Malignant Neoplasms
• Neoplasms
• Inflammation
• Arthritis
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Prostate
• Hiv Infections
• Cholangiocarcinoma
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Breast
• Carcinoma
• Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
• Hepatitis
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Contact Dermatitis

• Prostatic Neoplasms
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-dependent
• Dermatitis, Allergic Contact
• Allergy
• Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
• Dermatitis
• Autoimmune Reaction

Pathways

• Cell Activation
• Pathogenesis
• Sensitization
• Cell Migration
• Chemokine Production
• Cell Development
• T Cell Activation
• Dna Repair
• Lymphocyte Migration
• Virulence
• Localization

• Chemotaxis
• Cell Cycle
• Ubiquitin Cycle
• Tissue Remodeling
• Mesoderm Development

PTMs

• Phosphoprotein

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/IL16

Boster Bio - Best Uses Of The IL16 Marker

This article will examine how IL16 can be used to monitor immune responses to vaccines. We will also discuss the advantages of biomarkers and how they can be used to monitor vaccine-induced protective reactions. Finally, we'll discuss some custom services that Boster Bio offers. Boster Bio offers technical support and other services to its customers at all times.

Biomarkers can be used to monitor the immune reaction induced by vaccines

Multiple immune response markers are used to measure immunological endpoints, such as neutralizing antibodies binding antibodies and T cell responses. This method typically yields ambiguous results, which is why researchers search for "good" surrogates. Fortunately, IL16 is a promising candidate to be used as a proxy for vaccine-induced protective responses.

IL16 was the most promising biomarker of the ones studied in this study. It is expected to have a sensitivity of 100-fold, and an 80% specificity. This biomarker could provide an even more precise measure of protective reactions than placebo. A single study in humans could result in up to 500 000 IL16 responses a year.

The IL16 biomarker could be used to measure the protective effects of vaccines. It could also be used to determine the effectiveness of vaccines. Its potential applications include assessing the efficacy of new vaccines, like the recently approved SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The use of surrogate markers may facilitate approval of these new vaccines, which are crucial for combating the COVID-19 pandemic.

The company also announced that the IL16 biomarker has a good correlation with neutralizing antibodies and could be associated with doses of vaccination. Additionally, ACOV2S assays can be used to measure the vaccine-induced immune response, while the ACOV2N assays are high-throughput and allow for reliable evaluation of the humoral immune system. Antibodies with high titers are associated with vaccine-induced immunity that shields us from serious illness. Further research is needed to confirm and determine the threshold of the anti-RBD.

In addition to anti-RBD antibody, the IL16 biomarker is also useful for identifying individuals with previous or concurrent SARS infection. However the ACOV2S tests did not demonstrate concordance with samples derived from the natural SARS-CoV-2 infection. The ACOV2S and live MN50 assays were used to determine the vaccine-induced and humoral protective responses.

The results of the phase 2 study were consistent with previous research. However, the study did not prove that the IL16 biomarker is able to predict vaccine-induced protective responses. The researchers used a longitudinal sample panel of 593 participants, including 295 and 298 participants between 18 and 55 years old. Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 and were age-matched to the 50 mg and 100 mg groups. Researchers also employed various methods to determine R2 as a function of VE.

IHC-optimized Polyclonal Antibodies

In addition to its primary antibodies, Boster Bio also offers secondary antibodies, isotype control and detection systems specifically designed for IHC. Boster Bio also offers secondary antibodies free of charge with every purchase. In addition, the company's antibodies have been extensively validated for IHC, Western blotting, and ELISA applications. This allows researchers to use their antibodies with confidence.

They retain their immunoactivity when pH is neutral. They are functionally stable across an extensive pH and temperature range. As a result, these antibodies are useful for creating new biosensors and bioassays as well as biotechnological platforms. They can also be used for immunotherapy. The unique epitope pattern that is present in Boster Bio IHC-optimized antibodies made with the IL16 marker helps in the selection of therapeutics.

Boster Bio IHC-optimized Monoclonal Antibody using the IL16 Ligand permits the highly precise detection and quantification of the IL16 protein within tissues. These antibodies can be used to analyse biological processes and determine if the drug is harmful to the human body. This antibody is available in a concentration of 10ug/ml. This is the recommended IHC concentration.

IHC is a well-known method for detecting antigens and haptens in tissue sections. Different methods involve enzymes as well as pigment-producing molecules. In the anatomic pathology field, IHC has become an indispensable test that is an ancillary. Tissue preparation is vital because the quality of the tissue sample has a direct effect on the display of the antigens.

The results from FCS demonstrate that the Fabs are very similar in epitope recognition, yet they clash with each other. FCS data also confirms that mAbs 1E3-3G4 and 4H8-3A12-2D3 have distinct epitopes. The results show that both mAbs are able to bind to the IL16 marker in different ways.

For IHC applications, the Boster Bio IHC-optimized monoclonal antibody make use of the IL16 marker as the target. This is the most widely used IHC marker. Monoclonal antibodies shouldn't be stored at temperatures higher than 4°C until they are needed. It is also recommended to follow the manufacturer's instructions on the dilution. If the concentration is too high, background staining may occur.

Picogram sensitivity ELISA kits

When choosing an ELISA kit, sensitivity and the assay span are important factors to take into consideration. The analyte content in the sample determines the span and sensitivity of the ELISA kit. ELISA kits that detect tiny amounts of analyte usually require a high detection sensitivity. New coatings and blocking technologies can achieve picogram-level responsiveness and low background. The sensitivity as well as the span of assay must be in line with the intended usage of the kit.

One of the companies that produces ELISA and picogram kits for sensitivity is Boster Bio. They manufacture polyclonal antibodies for multiple uses and have more than 12,000 antibodies in their product line. They validate their antibodies using quantitative methods by using 250 tissue samples as well as untransfected cells for a test panel. Apart from offering high sensitivity as well as a broad selection of ELISA kits, Boster Bio also offers antibody validation.

The ELISA test is typically performed on a multi-well tray using the capture antibody and the detection antibody that is conjugated to biotin or streptavidin-HRP. Multi-well plates help to immobilize the analyte and allows for its separation from the other components of the sample. ELISA is well-known for its high sensitivity and high specificity. It allows simultaneous analysis of multiple samples.

The MEF step has been added to the immunoassay. The signals were recorded before and after the gold nanoparticles were added, as well as before and after the addition of PBS. Blank measurements were also taken with PBS as a negative control. The signal intensities were then divided by the number of blanks to determine the signal-to-blank ratio. A ratio of 1.8 or greater is considered positive for HIV.